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Chemistry Core 1

The document outlines a course on Atomic Structure, Periodicity of Elements, and Chemical Bonding, detailing key concepts such as quantum mechanics, atomic properties, and types of chemical bonding. It includes units on atomic structure, periodic trends, ionic and covalent bonding, and relevant theories like VSEPR and Valence Bond theory. The course aims to equip students with the ability to solve conceptual questions and understand the application of various chemical principles.

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75 views2 pages

Chemistry Core 1

The document outlines a course on Atomic Structure, Periodicity of Elements, and Chemical Bonding, detailing key concepts such as quantum mechanics, atomic properties, and types of chemical bonding. It includes units on atomic structure, periodic trends, ionic and covalent bonding, and relevant theories like VSEPR and Valence Bond theory. The course aims to equip students with the ability to solve conceptual questions and understand the application of various chemical principles.

Uploaded by

hgmystery05
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Core ISemester -I

Atomic Structure, Periodicity of Elements and Chemical Bonding

Course Outcomes:

• Solvetheconceptual questions usingthe knowledgegained bystudyingthequantummechanicalmodelof


theatom.
• Learnthevariousatomic propertiesof atomsand theirvariationsintheperiodic table.
• Gaintheideaofdifferenttypesofbondingandtheirassociatedproperties.
• Understandthetheoryandapplicationsofvariousacid-basetitrations.

Unit–I: Atomicstructure
Rutherford’s nuclear model of atom, Bohr’s theory and the origin of hydrogen spectrum, Sommerfeld’s
extension of Bohr’s theory, de-Broglie equation, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle and its
significance. Postulates of wave mechanics, Derivation of Schrödinger’s wave equation for hydrogen
atom, significance of ψ and ψ2. Radial and angular wave functions, Radial function plots, radial
probability distribution plots, angular distribution curves. Shapes of s-, p-, d- and f-orbitals, Relative
energies of orbitals. Slater’s rule and its
limitations,Quantumnumbersandtheirsignificance.Pauli’sExclusionPrinciple,Hund’srule of maximum
spin multiplicity and Aufbau principle.
Unit– II:Periodicityof elements:
Introductiontolongformperiodictable,Causeofperiodicity,Divisionofelementsintos-,p-, d-andf-
blocks.Atomicradius,ionicradius,covalentradiusandVanderWallsradius.Periodic trends in ionic and
covalent radii. Ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, and their variations in the periodic
table. Applications of electronegativities. Pauling’s/Mulliken’s scale of electronegativity, Sanderson’s
electron density ratio.
Unit– III:Chemicalbonding
Ionic bond-General characteristics, types of ions, size effects, radius ratio rule and its limitations.
Packing of ions in crystals. Lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle and its application, Born-Lande equation,
Madelung constant, importance of Kapustinskii equation for lattice energy. Solvation energy, Covalent
character in ionic compounds, polarizing power and polarizability. Fajan’s rules and consequences of
polarization.

Unit– IV:Chemicalbonding
Covalentbond-Valenceshellelectronpairrepulsion(VSEPR)theory,shapesofthefollowing simple
molecules and ions containing lone pairs and bond pairs of electrons: CH4, H2O, NH3, PCl3, PCl5,
SF6, ClF3, I3−, BrF2+, PCl6−, ICl2−, ICl4−, NH4+, PO43−andSO42−.ValenceBond
theory (Heitler-London approach). Hybridization, equivalent and non-equivalent hybrid orbitals. Ionic
character in covalent compounds: Dipole moment. Percentage ionic character
fromdipolemomentandelectronegativitydifference,Molecularorbitaldiagramsofhomo- &hetero-diatomic
molecules (N2, O2, C2, B2, F2, CO, NO) and their ions. Calculation ofbond order. Concept of bent rule.

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