The male reproductive external genitalia are the:

Testes, scrotum, penis

Penis
Penis and scrotum
Testes

The efferent ductules which connect the rete testis to the epididymis are in the:
Head of the epididymis
Tail of the epididymis
Inferior pole of the testis
Lobe of the testis

The innervation of the testes come from the sympathetic and parasympathetic. Match the incorrect answer:
Sympathetic system:
the testicular plexus (around the testicular artery)
CNX parasympathetic system
Visceral sensory to T10
Pelvic plexus

The lymph from the testes drains into the:

Lumbar lymph nodes
Sacral lymph nodes
Internal iliac lymph nodes
External iliac lymph nodes

The epididymis is: (lecture)

A long tube about 6 meters in length
Located at the anterior margin of the testes
It's main role is to transport the sperm
It empties into the prostate

The ejaculatory duct is formed by the:

Duct of the seminal vesicles and the ductus deferens
Ductus deferens
Seminal vesicles
Epididymis

The glans of the penis is a prolongation of the:

Corpus spongiosus
Corpus cavernosus
Foreskin
Male urethra

The superficial perineal space is between the:

inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm and the fascia of Colles
fascia of Colles and superior fascia of the pelvic diaphragm
superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm and the fascia of Colles
bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles

The ejaculatory ducts open on to the:

seminal colliculus
prostatic uretra
seminal vesicles
spongiosus body

The smooth muscles involved in micturition and continence are all of the following , EXCEPT the:
external urethral sphincter
sphincter vesicae
detrusor muscle
trigonal muscles

Cowper’s glands open in the:

spongy urethra
intramural urethra
membranous urethra
prostatic urethra

The muscles of the anal triangle are all of the following, EXCEPT the:
obturator externus
obturator internus
levator ani
Coccygeus

It arises from the linea alba, the membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen, divides into left and right
parts and enters the septum of the scrotum. It involves the:
fundiform ligament of the penis
suspensory ligament of the penis
deep fascia of the penis
tunica albuginea

The cervix of the uterus has the following parts EXCEPT the:
vaginal canal
cervical canal
external os
internal os

The kidneys are in the retroperitoneal space. They are surrounded by the:
paranephric fat which is between the renal fascia and trasversalis fascia
perinephric fat capsule, surrounded by the renal fascia
renal fascia – which covers the kidneys anteriorly
fibrous capsule which is strongly attached to the kidney

The extension of the renal cortex into the renal medulla is the:
renal columns
renal pyramids
renal medullary rays
renal papillae

The arteries which run between the cortex and medulla are the:
arcuate arteries
anterior branch
lobar arteries
afferent glomerular arteriole

The sympathetic innervation of the kidneys comes from the:

lesser splanchnic nerve
pelvic splanchnic nerves
greater splanchnic nerve
vagus nerve CNX

The structures in the kidney hilum in the ventrodorsal direction are the: Renal artery, renal
vein, ureter
Renal vein, renal artery, ureter
Ureter, renal vein, renal artery
Renal vein, ureter, renal artery

The ureter runs through the following parts of the body EXCEPT the:
inguinal part
abdominal part
pelvic part
intramural part

A patient presents fever and radiating pain into the scrotum. History shows renal stones. This pain is caused because of the
passage of the stones through the ureters which cross:
anteriorly to the genitofemoral nerve
anteriorly to the uterine artery
anteriorly to the ductus deferens
anteriorly to the testicular artery

The urinary bladder has the following internal structures. Please find the most correct answer:
The trigone of bladder has no folds
The ureteric orifices without the sphincter muscles
The interureteric crest between the uvula of the bladder and the ureteric orifices The trigone of the
bladder projects on to the anterior wall of the uterus

Fixation of the urinary bladder in males is provided by the following structures, EXCEPT:
vesicouterine ligament
rectovesical ligament
pubovesical ligament
puboprostatic ligament

In operations in the posterior abdominal region, surgeons pay special attention to the location of the ureters and
are careful not to retract them laterally. Why? Because in the abdominal region ureters are supplied by the:
Renal, testicular or ovarian arteries, abdominal aorta
Renal arteries, uterine arteries, superior vesical arteries
Renal arteries and uterine arteries
Gonadal arteries

The lactiferous ducts open in the:

Tip of the nipples
Lobules
Areolae
Skin

The glandular tissue of the mammary gland is strongly attached with Cooper's ligaments to the:
Skin
Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
Clavipectoral fascia

The lower axillary lymph nodes are:

Lateral to the pectoralis minor muscle
Along the pectoralis minor muscle
Medial to the pectoralis minor muscle
Along the pectoralis major muscle

A pre-menstrual young woman visits her GP presenting a lump which she has found below the inferior border of the
pectoralis major muscle, near the armpit. Which is the most like cause:
Spence tail of the mammary gland
Enlarged lymph node
Fibroma
lymphoma

The prostrate gland:

Is the largest genital gland in men
Is built of the base and apex
Has an anterior and posterior surface
All are correct.

The cremaster muscles correspond to the:

Internal oblique and transversus abdominal muscles
Transversalis fascia
External oblique abdominal muscle
Visceral peritoneum

The anterior part of the scrotum is supplied by branches of the:

Femoral artery
Internal pudendal artery
Cremasteric artery
Inferior epigastric arteries

The seminal glands:

are paired organs
lie on the transverse superficial perineal muscles
lie on the posterior surface of the prostate
all are correct

The bulbourethral glands:

lie on the posterior surface of the urinary bladder empty into the
urethra below the pelvic floor
empty into the urethra above the pelvic floor
lie on the superior surface of the prostate

The smooth muscles of the urinary bladder are the:

rectovesicalis
pubovesicalis
rectourethralis
all are correct

The interureteric crest is:

a fold between the urethra and neck of the bladder a fold within
the prostate
a fold between the ureteric orifices
a fold between the internal opening of the urethra and the ureter

The rectovesical pouch of Proust is present in the:

male pelvis
female pelvis
female and male pelvices
male urethra

The muscle which prevents semen from flowing into the bladder during ejaculation is the:
sphincter vesicae
detrusor
trigonal
pubovesica

The detrusor muscle is a 3-layered muscle innervated by the:

sympathetic postganglionic fibres
parasympathetic preganglionic fibres from the sacral plexus
parasympathetic fibres from the vagus nerve
parasympathetic fibres from the sacral nerves

The ureters:
are muscular tubes
connect the kidneys to the urethra
the pelvic parts run along the posterior wall of the pelvis
cross posteriorly the CIA

The structures preventing urinary reflux into the ureters when the bladder contracts are the:
oblique passage of the ureters through the bladder wall
internal pressure of the full bladder
contraction of the bladder musculature
all are correct

The ureters lie posterolateral to the ductus differens and enter the posterior superior angle of the bladder:
inferiorly to the seminal gland
medially to the seminal gland
superiorly to the seminal gland
in front of the seminal gland

6. The testicles are typically located:

A In the scrotum
B Intraperitonally
C Retroperitonally
D Within the prostate

7. Seminal vesicles are typically located:

A Anteriorly to the prostate
B Inferiorly to the prostate
C Postero-superiorly to the prostate
D Within the testicles

8. Uterus cavity is a part of:

A Fundus of uterus
B Body of uterus
C Neck of uterus
D Fallopian tube

9. Renal arteries typically arise from:

A Aorta and may occur more than one artery on each side
B Celiac trunk and may not occur more than one artery on each side
C Superior mesenteric artery and may not occur more than one artery on each side
D Adamkiewicz artery

10. The corrected T2-w images signal of the prostate zone is:
A Transition zone hypointensive, peripheral zone hyperintensive
B Transition zone hypointensive, peripheral zone hypointensive
C Transition zone hyperintensive, peripheral zone hypointensive
D Transition zone hyperintensive, peripheral zone hyperintensive

11. The efferent ductules which connect the rete testis to the epididymis are in the:
A Head of the epididymis
B Lobe of the testis
C Inferior pole of the testis
D Tail of the epididymis

12. The testes should be shown to have descended to the scrotum during USC exam:
A The 4th month of the IU life at the level of the deep inguinal ring
B The 4th month already in scrotum
C The 4th month at the level of the T10
D The 4th month at the level of L1

13. The innervation of the testes come from the sympathetic and parasympathetic. Match the incorrect answer:
A Visceral sensory to T10
B Pelvic plexus
C Parasympathetic system
D Sympathetic system - the testicular plexus (around the testicular arterty)

30. In the preovulatory period one can not find in the ovary:
A Corpus luteum
B Corpus albicans
C Multilaminar primary follices
D Graafian follicle

31. Find the FALSE statement concerning Starling equilibrium in kidneys:

A are FALSE
B Oncotic pressure increasing along glomerular capillaries may physiologically stop glomerular
filtration
C Koefficient factor for glomerular filtration (KI) is low
D Vasa recta of juxtamedullary nephrons filtrate fluid to renal interstitium

32. The physiological bicarbonate concentration in glomerular filtrate is approximately:

A Twenty five mmol/L
B Zero mmol/L
C Forty five mmol/L
D are FALSE

33. Which of the followings produces renal vasodilatation?

A Norepinephrin
B Endothelins
C Leukotriens
D Dopamin

34. Male erection is mediated by:

A NO
B FSH
C Norepinephrine
D Epinephrine

35. Find the true statement concerning potassium balance in kidneys:

A Soma K+ ions are reabsorbed by paracellular way
B K+/Cl- cotransport may participate in distal tubule potassium reabsorption
C High potassium diet may produce K+ excretion higher than its filtration
D Statements are true

36. Renal functions DO NOT involve production of:

A ANP
B Prostacyclin
C Calcitriol
D Erythropoetin

37. What is physiological status in pregnancy:

A Polycythemia
B Leukocytosis
C Thrombocytosis
D Thyrombocytopenia

38. Angiotensin converting enzyme is located mainly on the endothelial cells of:
A Spleen
B Lungs
C Liver
D Brain

39. Renin in kidney is produced by:

A Cells of an extraglomerular mesangium
B Myocytes of the afferent arteriole
C Cells of the macula densa
D Endothelial cells of the capillary vessels in glomerulum

40. Glucose in renal tubules is co-transported with:

A Phosphates (ATP use)
B Bicarbonates
C Potassium
D Sodium

41. Angiotensin II is NOT causing:

A Inflammatory action
B Increase of norepinephrin release from sympathetic synapse
C Decrease of vasopressin production
D Myocardial remodeling
42. Which of the following ion level in blood is out of the normal range?
A [K+] = 4.1 mmol/l
B [HCO3-] = 26 mmol/l
C [Na+] = 117 mmol/l
D 100 mmol/l (ion not written in exam)

43. Which of following nephron fragments participates physiologically in active glucose transport?
A Ascending arm of Henle‘s loop
B Proximal tubule, segment 3
C Distal convoluted tubule
D Thin descending arm of Henle‘s loop

44. The final size of molecules which in the renal glomerulus in normal conditions eventually pass from the blood to primary
urine is determined by:
A Fenestrations in the endothelial cells
B Lamina densa of the glomerular basal lamina
C Slit diaphragms between pedicels of podocytes
D Intraglomerular mesangial cells

45. Testosterone
A Everts (???) an anabolic effect
B Statements are true
C Induce male secondary sexual features mostly by 5-alpha reductase
D Can be converted to estradiol

46. Find the TRUE statement concerning acid/base balance regulation in kidneys:
A Statements are true
B Kidneys use urea to secrete NH4+ ions into urine
C Carbonic anhydrase uses CO2 to produce H+ ions secreted into urine
D Protein buffer is important to filtrate acids in the tubules

47. Indicate a false statement regarding the ovarian multilaminar primary follicles:
A They are surrounded by the connective tissue theca folliculi
B They contain the oocyte in the prophase of the first meiotic division
C They reveal presence of the zona pellucida
D They are located just below the tunica albuginea

48. Which of the substances listed below is fully reabsorbed from filtrate?
A Amino acids
B Potassium
C Natrium
D Creatinin

49. Uterine artery arises from:

A Aorta
B Internal iliac artery
C External iliac artery
D Common iliac artery

50. Which structures comprise the most characteristic equipment of the Leydig cells?
A Lysosomes and peroxisomes
B Smooth endoplasmataic reticulum and tubular mitochondria
C Rough endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi apparatus
D Golgi apparatus and secretory granules

1. The seminal glands

● Are paired organs

2. The detrusor muscle is three layers muscle innervated by the:

● parasympathetic fibers from the sacral nerves
3. The ureters
● Are muscular tubes

4. The structures preventing the reflux of urine into the ureters when the bladder contracts are the
● ALL ARE CORRECT 🡪 oblique passage of the ureters through the bladder wall, the internal pressure of the
filling bladder, contraction of the bladder musculature

5. The rectovesical pouch of Proust is present in the:

● Male pelvis

6. The uterine tubes are divisible into four parts, from lateral to medial:
● the infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, uterine part

7. Four muscles compress the vagina and act as sphincters: The muscles are all of the following, EXCEPT, the:
● Puborectalis

8. The smooth muscles of the urinary bladder are the:

● ALL ARE CORRECT 🡪 rectovesicalis, rectourathralis, pubovesicalis

9. Into the vestibule of the vagina opens: ????

● ALL ARE CORRECT 🡪 ducts of the greater vestibular glands, external utrethral orifice, ducts of the lesser
vestibular glands

10. The muscle which prevents semen flowing into the bladder during ejaculation is the:
● sphincter vesicae

11. The uterus

● ALL ARE CORRECT 🡪 lies in the lesser pelvis, its body lying on the urinary bladder, its cervix lying between
the urinary bladder and rectum

12. The cervix of the uterus is the cylindrical, relatively narrow inferior third of the uterus, approximately 2.5 cm long
in an adult non-pregnant woman. For descriptive purposes, following parts are described:
● a supravaginal part between the isthmus and the vagina,

13. The wall of the body of the uterus consists of the:

● ALL ARE CORRECT 🡪Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium

14. The fundus and inferolateral surfaces of the urinary bladder meet inferiorly at the
● neck of the bladder

15. The arteries supplying the superior part of the vagina derive from the:
● uterine arteries

16. The interureteric crest is:

● a fold between the ureteric orifices

17. The ureter lies posterolateral to the ductus deferens and enters the posterosuperior angle of the bladder:
● superior to the seminal gland.

18. In females, the superficial perineal pouch contains all of the following, EXCEPT, the:
● spongy urethra
19. The Female organs lymph drainage from the: superolateral uterus (near attachment of round ligament); skin of
perineum including vulva; ostium of vagina (inferior to hymen); prepuce of clitoris; perianal skin; anal canal
inferior to pectinate line, drains into the:
● Superficial inguinal

20. The bulbourethral glands:

● empty into the urethra below the pelvic floor

1. Are kidneys primary or secondary retroperitoneal organs?

a. Primary
2. At which level (numbers of vertebrae) left kidney is placed?
a. T12-L2
3. Which structures can be found inside renal hilum?
a. Blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, ureter.
4. From which artery renal arteries arise?
a. Left interior side of abdominal aorta at L2
5. Structures forming nefron.
a. Bowmans capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle (descending and ascending limbs), distal
convoluted tubule, connecting tubule and collecting duct.
6. Which muscle is crossed by ureter?
a. Psoas major mucle and tendon og psoas minor
7. Which vessels go along anterior surface of ureter?
a. Iliac vessels, at point of bifurcation of common illiac into internal and external illiac
8. Which arteries supply the ureter?
a. Renal arteries, common illiac arteries, and branches from abdominal aorta
9. Which structures can be found on the posterior wall of urinary bladder in males?
a. rectum
10. Parts of male urethra.
a. Can be divided in ; prostatic, membranous, penile/spongy uretra

1. Name internal female organs.

a. Vagina
b. Uterus
c. Fallopian tubes
d. ovaries
2. Names of the ligaments assosiated with ovary (3 ligaments).
a. Suspensory ligament (contains ovary artery and vein)
b. Broad ligament
c. Ovarian ligament
3. Arteries supplying the ovary.
a. Uterine artery
b. Ovarian arteris
4. Attachement of ovarian ligament.
a. Attached to the ovary inferiorly
b. Lateral margin of uterus by broad ligament
5. Parts of oviduct.
a. Fimbrae 🡪 Infundiculum 🡪 apmulla 🡪 ishtmus 🡪 intramural part
6. Parts of broad ligament.
a. Mesovariym (supports ovaries)
b. Mesosalpinx (supports oviduct)
c. Mesometirum (supports uterine horn and body)
7. Attachement of round ligament.
a. According four areas: before the internal inguinal ring, after the external inguinal ring, under the pubic
bone and in labia majora.
8. Which organ is located anterior to uterus.
 a. bladder
9. Which organ is located posterior to uterus.
a. rectum
10. Arteries supplying the oviduct.
a. Ovarian artery from aorta
b. Uterine from Internal iliac artery
11. Along which margin of ovary the mesovarium runs – anterior or posterior?
a. The part of the borad ligament
12. Parts of uterus.
a. Fundus, body and cervix
13. Which structures can be found inside cortex of ovary?
a. Ovarian follicles containing oocyte, stroma between follicles. Corpus lutemum, cumulus oophorus,
membranę granulosa with granulos cells.
14. With which female genital organ the suspensory ligament is associated?
a. ovary
15. Into which vein the left ovarian a. opens?
a. Left renal

1. Which male genital organs are EXTERNAL?

a. Penis & scrotum
2. Which structures are located in scrotum?
a. External spermatic fascia, testes, epididymis and spermatic cord
3. From which artery posterior scrotal rami arise?
a. Internal oudendal artery
4. Which nerve supplies skin of scrotum?
a. Anterior and posterior scrotal nerves and genitofemoral nerve.
5. On which margin of testis the body of epididymis is located?
a. Posterior
6. Parts of epididymis.
a. Head, body, tall
7. Into which vein the left testicular vein opens?
a. Left Renal vein
8. From which plexus the testicular plexus arises?
a. Celiac plexus
9. With which muscle the lateral wall of prostate is in contact?
a. Levator ani
10. Parts of vas deferens.
a. Inner and outer longtotudinal layer, intermediate circulatory layer
11. Which part of male urethra receives the ejaculatory duct?
a. Ejaculatory duct is in the porstate gland made by fusion of seminal vesicle and ampulla of vas defrens.
This part of the urethra is called the prostatic urethra.
12. Which arteries can be found inside spermatic cord?
a. Testicular artery, inferior testicular artery, artery of vas defrens, cremaster and intern branch artery
13. Where the suspensory ligament of penis is attached?
a. Pubic symhpsis of
14. From which arteries the skin of penis receives arterial blood?
 a. left and the right superficial external pudendal arteries arise from the femoral arteries
15. To which lymphatic nodes the lymph is moved from penis?
a. Pelvis and Inguinal lymph nodes. Superficial inguinal