International Journal of Applied Research 2024; 10(6): 130-138

ISSN Print: 2394-7500

ISSN Online: 2394-5869
Impact Factor (RJIF): 8.4
Role of the new education policy 2020 in 21st century
IJAR 2024; 10(6): 130-138
www.allresearchjournal.com
education in India
Received: 22-04-2024
Accepted: 27-05-2024
Dr. Awadhesh Singh Gautam
Dr. Awadhesh Singh Gautam
Assistant Professor & H.O.D, Abstract
Department of Library and The National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) aims to modernize India's higher education system by
Information Science, Gopal prioritizing the learner, increasing accessibility, and fostering inclusivity. It emphasizes the importance
Narayan Singh University,
of libraries as information hubs and libraries, with the policy focusing on their resources and facilities.
Jamuhar, Sasaram, Rohtash,
The policy requires sufficient library employees to manage facilities, create suitable career courses, and
Bihar, India
foster cooperation between educational institutions and libraries. Infrastructures for libraries are crucial
for adult education, lifelong learning, and study. Schools, school complexes, and public library
locations should be well-designed and equipped with information and communication technology.
Central and state governments are responsible for creating and funding libraries, ensuring they are
available and reasonably priced for everyone in the nation. Digital libraries and online resources are
included in the NEP 2020, with efforts to improve accessibility online and expand the reach of digital
libraries. The policy also includes provisions for enhancing all current libraries, establishing reading
rooms and rural libraries in underprivileged areas, making reading materials in Indian languages widely
accessible, opening child-friendly and transportable libraries, creating social literary societies, and
promoting better partnerships between educational institutions and libraries. The government is
focusing on providing top-notch online resources for education, including digital resources, online
courses, applications, satellite TV channels, online books, and IT-equipped libraries and Adult
Education Centers across India. The policy has significantly raised the standard of instruction in India's
higher education establishments, providing students with a more comprehensive and holistic education.
Preliminary findings suggest that the policy has had positive effects, but significant human, material,
and technological resources are needed for its success. The policy also seeks to increase diversity in
higher education by providing financial aid and scholarships to underrepresented groups.

Keywords: India, digital libraries, technological resources national education policy 2020, higher
education

Introduction
The Indian Ministry of Education has introduced the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP
2020), aiming to transform higher education in India by making it more inclusive and up-to-
date with modern world needs. The policy prioritizes accountability, equity, affordability,
quality, and access in education, addressing issues with low learning results, insufficient
teacher preparation, and restricted access to high-quality education. It emphasizes the
importance of analytical reasoning, inventiveness, and problem-solving abilities and
encourages the use of technological devices in the classroom and bilingual education.
Technological advancements have significantly changed how academic libraries store, share,
and retrieve information. As more educational institutions enter the virtual world,
information access, storage, and sharing have all undergone substantial changes due to recent
technological breakthroughs. The policy's guidance materials serve all educational levels,
including postsecondary education and vocational training. Libraries are essential to
education as they provide 24/7 access to tools and materials that help users learn and become
Corresponding Author: more knowledgeable. The NEP 2020 offers a blueprint for the next-generation learning
Dr. Awadhesh Singh Gautam environment in India and is a major advancement in the transformation of the university
Assistant Professor & H.O.D,
Department of Library and
sector in the country.
Information Science, Gopal
Narayan Singh University, National Education Policy 2020
Jamuhar, Sasaram, Rohtash,
Bihar, India
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National Education Policy: Modifications a) The period of British colonization (1757-1947):

India's new educational system is outlined in the national Modern education was brought to India by the British
education policy, which took the place of the previous colonial authorities in order to create a class of staff
policy from 1986. The primary goals of the national members and administrators who would help them with
education policy in urban and rural areas are vocational their administrative tasks. The conceptual framework for
training and elementary education. The main objective of contemporary education in India was established by Wood's
the National Education Policy is to improve education, dispatch in 1854, which at first advocated for the creation of
beginning in 2021. an educational system in that country. The country's
The national education policy will ensure that every student colleges, universities, and schools were founded as a result
in India receives a top-notch education. The primary of the Despatch, and they were mostly fashioned after the
language and regional languages that each state prefers will British educational system.
be the key topics of discussion.
The following are the policy changes or modifications: b) The post-independence era (1947-1968): Following
1. In grades 3, 5, and 8, students are required to pass a India's 1947 liberation from British domination, education
school exam that is given by the authorized authority. was viewed as a vital instrument for social change and
2. The board exams for grades 10 and 12 will remain; nation-building. A number of education-related initiatives
however, they will be modified to promote all-around were started by the government, including the 1968 National
development. Policy on Education, which sought to give every student up
3. This method places a great emphasis on the mother to the age of 14 free and compulsory education.
tongue as well as regional and local languages during
the first five grades. c) Social and economic transformations (1968-1986): The
4. Students can start fusing a scientific mindset with government prioritized raising educational standards and
mathematical thinking in the sixth grade. increasing access, especially in rural areas. The necessity of
5. The commencement of vocational education, connecting study with progress in society and the economy
encompassing internships, will occur in the sixth grade. was highlighted by the Commission on Education of 1964-
6. The most recent educational strategy in India states that 1966, and the National Policy depending on Education of
5+3+3+4 will take the place of 10+2. 1976 underscored the significance of encouraging
7. Students will be enrolled in early childhood education, vocational training and education.
or Anganwadi, for a period of three years and attend
school for twelve under the new system. d) Liberalization and globalization (1986-2019):
8. Sanskrit is available to students at all levels of Education strategies were influenced by the necessity to
secondary and postsecondary education and is produce a trained labor force to satisfy the demands of a
composed of three distinct linguistic formulas. developing economy following economic liberalization and
9. Studying literature in various classical languages, such globalization. While the National Policy on Education of
as Indian, would also be an option. 1986 encouraged scientific and technological research, the
10. Students won't be expected to speak any language. 1992 Program of Action attempted to make basic education
11. To be a good teacher today, one must have a four-year universal.
bachelor's degree.
12. To reduce the stress on students, board assessments will e) Current events (2019-present): To improve India's
be held twice annually. educational system, the government introduced the National
13. Instruments based on AI will also be implemented to Education Policy (NEP) in 2019. The NEP is centered on
support learning. ensuring that all students have access to a high-quality
14. The student will be taught the three languages education, encouraging multiple languages and flexibility in
designated by the state in lieu of the M.Phil. program at the classroom, and designing a curriculum that prioritizes
the university. creativity, critical thinking, and holistic growth.
15. The national curriculum framework for education will
be developed by the National Council of Educational The New Education Policy's Vision
Research and Training (NCERT). By providing top-notch education, the NEP 2020 aims to
16. The national education policy will be implemented establish an education system that is specifically centered on
through the creation of numerous institutions. India and support the nation's transformation into a
17. Particular attention will be paid to the children's prosperous, just, and knowledge-based society. The
education and abilities. scientific and educational infrastructure of our country will
be strengthened as a result of this NEP. Learners who have
The histories of Indian educational Policies spent a million rupees studying overseas in India will be
India has an extensive history of education; there is proof given access to global standards. The goal of the policy is to
that educational institutions have existed there since help students develop expertise, abilities, principles, and
antiquity. Nonetheless, the British colonial era saw the characteristics that support accountable adherence to
establishment of India's current educational system, and a equality for all, sustainable development and lifestyle, and
variety of complicated interrelated elements, including global well-being. This will reflect a genuine global citizen
nationalism, colonialism, socioeconomic shifts, and by instilling in them a strong satisfaction in being Indian,
linguistic and cultural diversity, have influenced the not only in deliberated but also in spirit, intellect, and deeds.
country's educational policy over time. The following The following provides an illustration of the NEP 2020's
significant turning points in Indian education policy history main ideas.
are listed:
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Illustration 1: Key Points of NEP 2020

The following are the main points of NEP 2020, which students without regard to their current location, language,
emphasizes community involvement and encouragement, or technology.
equity and inclusion, respect for different perspectives and
local context, and engagement. a) Writing entertaining and motivational books
1. The utilization and application of technology with a Books in various indigenous and Indian languages will be
focus on intellectual comprehension. developed for students that are both motivating and
2. Developing distinct abilities entertaining. There will be steps taken to guarantee that
3. Critical thinking and innovative thinking readers are usable by people with specific needs and
4. Constant review and evaluation. impairments. The government will work with institutions in
the public and commercial sectors to create initiatives aimed
Objectives of the study at improving the standard and attractiveness of books.
The objectives of the study were as follows
1. To discuss how to create sufficient library resources, b) Expanding
2. To discuss how education and learning are growing, The quantity of books that are readily available in schools
3. To discuss the features and advantages of the National and public libraries. The administration will place a high
Education Policy 2020, priority on increasing the selection of books available in
4. To emphasize the importance of libraries in the local libraries and educational institutions. The government
educational system, would guarantee that readers are available to all citizens of
5. To highlight the value of the New Educational Policy the country, especially those who use modern ICT and have
2020's position on libraries and librarians, disabilities or other distinct types of disabilities. The
6. To highlight the policy's significant changes; and primary focus would be on rural and distant areas, as well as
7. To increase public knowledge of the New Education populations that are socioeconomically disadvantaged.
Policy 2020.
Encouraging reading as a national culture
What role do libraries play in India's new education To increase readership and readers nationwide, significant
policy? upgrades will be made to public and school libraries.
The National Policy on Education (NPE), which was in Library services will be in better condition. There will be an
force for 34 years, was replaced by the New Education adequate supply of books that satisfy community needs and
Policy 2020 (NEP2020). The NEP 2020 is built upon the preferences, leading to a rise in youth libraries as a whole
fundamental tenets of cost-effectiveness, equity, quality, and mobile libraries, and recreational literary groups around the
accountability. Significant efforts will be made to increase country to encourage reading among the general public and
the access and availability of academic materials in all areas neighborhood development.
and tongues, and a national literature outreach program will Develop a CPD program that is appropriate for library staff.
be developed. The government will concentrate on the In order to construct, develop, and enhance current libraries
following developments in the field of digital libraries and and meet the needs of all users across the country, the
school/public libraries to promote reading, make the most of government will provide appropriate career paths for library
library use, and guarantee that literature is available to staff members to pursue and guarantee a sufficient number
of employees for optimal functioning.

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Illustration-2: Digital Library Architecture

Digital Library annotations, and information integration. Combining

One essential element of the learning environment is digital commercial, organizational, public, and private digital
libraries. A vital component of the global information libraries. According to Chwartz (2000), there are
infrastructure is the adoption of contemporary information approximately 64 official and non-official definitions
and communication technologies. Networked collections of available for digital libraries linked to different texts.
digital written content, documents, images, sounds, data, Considering the vast range of interpretations for these
software, and much more form the basis of both the Internet resources, this is a large amount. The fact that there isn't a
of today and tomorrow's globally accessible digital libraries single phrase in this subject that is widely accepted, as can
of every human treasure. be seen by examining some of the definitions now in use,
This will provide administration challenges for digital
The Digital Repository's Functions libraries.
The information provided by academic libraries used to be
reliant on the physical library contents they had available, A Higher Level of High-Quality Education: One of the
but this is changing as more and more of them venture into NEP's main goals is to increase students from
the virtual realm. The service setting of all activity areas, underprivileged backgrounds' access to high-quality
particularly in libraries and learning centers, has changed, education. The policy suggests building community schools,
and old organizational boundaries have been enlarged by expanding the provision of early childhood education and
technologies. There are advantages and disadvantages to care, and developing a more inclusive educational system.
this. When combined with information and communication Through a number of initiatives, the New Education Policy
technologies, technology makes it easier to create, collect, (NEP) 2020 seeks to increase children from underprivileged
store, organize, search for, retrieve, and modify information families' access to high-quality education.
electronically. Digital libraries offer user-friendly interfaces,  Universal Access to Education: The National
multimedia capabilities, network accessibility, and a vast Education Policy (NEP) seeks to give every child in
amount of literature available to users. Particularly India, irrespective of location or socioeconomic status,
identifying digital items; linking illustration to internal as universal access to education. This will make it possible
well as external challenges is possible; Supports to guarantee that all kids, even those from
sophisticated search and retrieval; Information has been underprivileged homes, have access to high-quality
available for a long time. Additionally, it advances the education.
standard objectives of information availability, organization,  Better Learning Outcomes: The NEP emphasizes
and preservation in libraries; Assist with editing, posting creative thinking, problem-solving, and experiential
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learning more than before. This could lead to better programs for teachers, and a content library. The
learning outcomes for students, especially those from platform is intended to assist government initiatives to
underprivileged backgrounds. raise the standard of higher learning in India and is
 Better Access to Colleges and Universities: One of available to all educators in the nation.
the main objectives of the NEP is to make higher 4. National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC):
education more accessible, especially for The government-funded National Skill Development
underprivileged communities and women, who are Corporation (NSDC) works to advance skill
underrepresented in society. This will make it possible development in India. It grants financial support,
for all students to pursue higher education, even those training, and other forms of assistance to groups that
from underprivileged families. aim to up skill Indian laborers, especially those in the
teaching profession.
Coordination of Technology: The National Education
Policy (NEP) encourages the use of technology in the (c) Better Grading and Evaluation: By giving teachers the
learning environment and acknowledges its significant resources to create assessments, track student progress, and
contribution to education. This will assist kids in acquiring give immediate feedback, technology integration can help
the digital literacy, intellectual curiosity, and problem- enhance the evaluation and monitoring process. This will
solving abilities necessary to thrive in the twenty-first make it easier to guarantee that all students, even those from
century. underprivileged homes, are getting the assistance they
a) Better Learning Outcomes: By giving students the require to achieve.
opportunity to use digital resources, simulated classrooms, The New Education Policy (NEP) for the year 2020 has had
and active learning activities, technology has improved a major impact on the assessment and evaluation process in
teaching and learning experiences. Learning results have colleges and universities as it stands. Among the principal
improved as a result of it, especially in subjects like science, effects are:
math, and language. 1. Decreased Emphasis on Repetition Learning: The
NEP 2020 highlights the necessity of moving away
(b) Greater Access to Education: Students from small or from conventional, rote-based assessment techniques
faraway locations and those with disabilities, in particular, and toward techniques that are more student-centric and
now have greater access to education thanks to technology. analytical. It is anticipated that this will promote more
No matter where they are or how mobile they are, students engaged learning as well as critical thinking abilities.
can access high-quality education through online learning 2. Increasing Technology Use: One of the main goals of
settings, such as live classes. NEP 2020 is to promote the adoption of technology into
The Indian government has been pushing digital learning the educational system, which is anticipated to have a
through a number of programs and groups. Among the well- significant influence on the evaluation and monitoring
known initiatives are: procedures. Digital evaluation tools and online tests can
1. National Mission on Education through Information lessen the administrative load associated with
and Communication Technology (NMEICT): The conventional assessment techniques while giving
Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) teachers a more accurate and up-to-date picture of their
established the National Mission on Education through students' progress.
Information and Communication Technology 3. More Holistic Evaluation: The NEP 2020 also
(NMEICT) to encourage the use of technology in the advocates for a more holistic evaluation and assessment
field of education. Its goal is to make digital resources process that takes into consideration emotional
and interactive educational settings accessible to all intelligence, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-
teachers and students. solving skills. It is anticipated that this will give a more
2. SWAYAM: The Ministry of Higher Education and realistic view of students' aptitudes and capacities and
Research (MHRD) developed this online learning better equip them for the biggest obstacles of the
platform, which gives students access to outstanding twenty-first century.
educational programs from some of India's best 4. Lessened Student Pressure: The NEP 2020 seeks to
institutions and universities. A government of India make the assessment process more user-friendly for
program, SWAYAM, refers to "Study Webs of Active students while also lessening their workload. This could
Learning for Young Aspiring Minds" and offers free entail lowering the quantity of difficult tests, giving
online courses to professionals and students alike. It pupils several chances to show off their skills, and
provides courses in a number of subjects, including placing less emphasis on scores and marks.
commerce, science, technology, and the arts. The
objective of this platform is to develop the workforce (d) Skill Development: Using technology in the classroom
and increase employability by making education more can also aid in the development of students' technological
accessible and inexpensive for people all around India. and digital literacy, which are becoming more and more
3. DIKSHA: Designed to enhance the quality of crucial in the workforce of the twenty-first century.
education, DIKSHA (Digital Infrastructure for In India, the New Education Policy (NEP) for the year 2020
Knowledge Sharing) functions as a nationwide digital places a lot of focus on skill development. By bringing the
infrastructure for Indian educators. It gives educators a educational system into line with the demands of the 21st-
platform to access instructional materials, online century workforce, the policy hopes to produce a workforce
resources, and other tools to support their teaching. that is both talented and employable. Among the major
Among the many services that DIKSHA provides are a adjustments to skill development brought about by NEP
teacher engagement platform, professional development 2020 are:
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1. Holistic Education: The National Education Policy encompassing approach that will allow students to show
2020 encourages the development of a variety of their abilities and competences outside of the typical
abilities and talents outside of the classroom, including test setting.
communication, creativity, problem-solving, critical
thinking, and emotional intelligence. (e) Enhanced Effectiveness and Efficiency: By lowering
2. Vocational Education: The goal of NEP 2020 is to administrative burden and simplifying procedures,
incorporate vocational learning into the regular technology can also aid in enhancing the efficacy and
curriculum while also enhancing its place in the efficiency of the educational system. By doing this,
educational system. Students will be able to gain useful resources that may be used to raise the standard of
and marketable skills in fields including technology, instruction and learning opportunities will become available.
industry, and agriculture as a result. The policy's emphasis on professional growth and education
3. Technology Integration: NEP 2020 aims to for educators is another crucial feature. The policy seeks to
incorporate technology into the educational system at give educators the tools and resources they need to be
all levels, acknowledging its significance in skill successful in their profession, acknowledging the crucial
development and enhancement. Students will be able to role that educators play in influencing students' futures.
acquire technological and digital skills as a result,
which are becoming more and more crucial in today's The government's role in the National Education Policy
employment market. (NEP) 2020
4. Emphasis on Entrepreneurship: The National Government support for the National Education Policy
Education Policy 2020 promotes students' pursuit of (NEP) 2020 is substantial. The policy statement provides an
self-employment and start-up prospects as well as the exhaustive structure for improving education in India, but its
development of entrepreneurial abilities. This will successful execution depends on the government's capacity
foster entrepreneurial and creative thinking in India and to supply the resources-infrastructure, support, and tools-
produce an upcoming generation of people who create needed to change the manner in which education is
jobs. provided. The government can make a significant
5. Skill-Based Assessment: New to NEP 2020, contribution in a number of these sectors, according to NEP
assessment and evaluation will take a more flexible, all- 2020, including:

Illustration 3: The Government's Role in NEP 2020

The National Digital Library of India's (NDLI) function "Any project might be challenging to implement at the
in the 2020 National Education Policy grassroots level. In terms of outreach, we are collaborating
The Ministry of Education launched the government-funded with 90% private schools and 10% government schools,
NDLI initiative in 2015; IIT Kharagpur is the main according to Vignesh Sornamohan, NDLI's Chief Planning
organization in charge of carrying it out. These digital and Outreach Officer. Telecom Service Providers (TSP)
libraries' primary goal is to make digital learning materials statistics indicate that 25,067 villages in India out of
available to all states. Even though the National Education 5,97,618 population villages do not have Internet or mobile
Policy (NEP) 2020 places a strong emphasis on empowering access. The government has agreed to contribute to a fund
the education sector and using the potential of digital with a yearly spending limit of Rs 15 crore that will run till
technology, achieving these objectives remains difficult. March 2026.
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National Education Policy 2020 and Libraries universities, and schools, in order to guarantee a sufficient
A Library Focused on the Concept of Learning and supply of books that meet the needs and interests of every
Technology Hub" In order to raise the gross enrollment ratio student. Additionally, the NEP 2020 includes measures for
to 100% at the school level, the NEP 2020 places a strong ensuring the accessibility of books and other materials for
emphasis on universalizing education. In order to address various and unique categories of readers in society, such as
this need, higher education and school libraries must make individuals with challenges and differently abled people.
sure that their collections of reading and study materials are
up-to-date and easily accessible to a wide range of users. The role of the central and state governments
The role will encompass more than just basic services; They are in charge of creating and funding libraries, as well
proactive strategies will be essential in the current climate. as developing them. They will take measures to guarantee
NEP 2020 includes sophisticated and up-to-date tools for that books are available and reasonably priced for everyone
instructors and readers in society that align with the new in the nation, including residents of rural and isolated areas
curriculum. Although there is less of a focus on libraries in and socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Agencies and
policy, libraries should still be recognized for their value as institutions in the public and commercial sectors shall come
information hubs and libraries, and the National Education up with plans to raise the caliber and appeal of books that
Policy 2020 must put more emphasis on the resources and are available across all Indian languages.
facilities that libraries provide.
Digital libraries and online resources are included in the
Sufficient Library Employees NEP 2020
It will be crucial to have enough library employees on hand Digital tools for digital libraries are included in the NEP
in The National Education Policy 2020 (21.9) to manage the 2020, and efforts will be made to improve library book
facilities provided to teachers and the general public, as well accessibility online and expand the reach of digital libraries.
as to create suitable career courses and CPD for individuals.
In addition, all currently operating libraries will be Provision for enhancing all current libraries: The NEP
strengthened; reading rooms and rural libraries will be 2020 includes measures to bolster all current libraries,
established in underprivileged areas; reading materials in establish reading rooms and rural libraries in
Indian languages will be widely accessible; libraries for kids underprivileged areas, make reading materials in Indian
and mobile libraries will be opened; social book clubs will languages widely accessible, open child-friendly libraries
be established throughout India and across subject areas; and transportable libraries, create social literary societies
and increased cooperation between educational institutions across India and subject areas, and promote more excellent
and libraries will be fostered. The policy also states that partnerships between educational institutions and libraries.
libraries must stock a sufficient number of high-quality At the moment, libraries must adapt their services to
resources in a sufficient quantity to accommodate readers accommodate the growing usage of ICT across the board.
from all places. Additionally, it is stated that in order to The Indian government is concentrating on providing top-
create a different kind of value for libraries among the notch online resources for education, ranging from school-
general public and societies until 2025, schools and level instruction to higher education establishments. The
organizations must focus on organizing a specific space and Indian government's Digital India initiative and vision
providing resources for users. Currently, these institutions inspired and supported the Digital Library's online education
lack the necessary space and equipment for libraries. and learning of materials. The development guidelines and
supportive morality of NEP 2020 are excellent for Indian
Infrastructures that are suitable for the library libraries.
Ensuring adequate and appropriate infrastructure will enable
all interested individuals to participate in adult education, Technology utilization and the availability of non-book
lifelong learning, and study. Using schools, school content in all kinds of libraries
complexes, and public library locations for adult education According to the policy, library technological advances will
courses that, when feasible, will be well-designed and be used to support and carry out the aforementioned efforts.
equipped with information and communication technology, High-quality technology-based learning choices for adults,
as well as for other types of community participation and including digital resources, online courses, applications,
enrichment activities, following the school day and on satellite TV channels, online books, and IT-equipped
weekends, will be a crucial step in this direction. Ensuring libraries and Adult Education Centers across the country. As
successful utilization of both human and material resources a result, high-quality adult education may frequently be
and fostering synergy across the following five categories of provided online. All of the current libraries are being
education and beyond will depend on the sharing of strengthened under the national education policy. Numerous
facilities for school, higher education, adult, and vocational provisions are included in the National Education Policy
education, as well as various community and volunteer 2020 for the advancement of libraries in all phases of the
activities. realm of technology. It is obvious that libraries will be
important for research and educational progress in the
Book Accessibility and Availability upcoming modern digital era. Libraries will offer top-notch
The NEP 2020 placed a strong emphasis on the public's and instruction and the right approaches for the development of
readers' access to high-quality books and other materials for the nation.
high-quality instruction and research development. To foster
the habit of reading in societies and educational institutions, Recommendations
it is imperative to enhance the accessibility and availability 1. Enough funding should be provided by the government
of books. The policy suggests strengthening and to support teacher professional development and
modernizing all communities, organizations, and training as part of the New Education Policy 2020.
educational institutions, including public libraries, colleges,
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holistic education, which enhances their entire quality Government of India. National Education Policy 2020
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