Commuting to work takes more than thirty minutes in all three LAX was established in 1928.

d in 1928. It is now one of the busiest airports

cities. Traveling to work takes the average person 39.9 minutes in the world, with 81 passenger and cargo airlines that use the
in New York. Approximately 56.9% of workers in New York drive airport. Each year, more than 59 million passengers travel through
to work. Although it is very expensive to drive into the city and LAX. About 59,000 employees work at the airport. The employees
parking is difficult, less than half of the workers in New York use work at a number of places throughout the airport, including
public transportation. airline counters, coffee shops, bakeries, and the 95 stores where
passengers can shop. LAX is a pet-friendly airport with a small pet
There is always something to do in New York City. There are more
park where passengers can walk their dogs.
than 115 museums. The Metropolitan Museum of Art is one of
the most visited museums in the world. Another popular tourist Each year, more than 77 million passengers use O’Hare, another
destination is the Statue of Liberty. The weather in these three one of the busiest airports in the world, with 70 airlines using its
cities is very different. New York receives about 49.9 inches of rain facilities. O’Hare was established in 1945. Today, many frequent
a year and about 25.1 inches of snow. It has a lot fewer days of fliers know O’Hare because flights often stop in Chicago on the
sunshine than Los Angeles. Los Angeles receives about 284 days way to other parts of the country or the world. Because so many
of sun a year. New York receives about 224 days of sun. passengers spend significant time in the airport, O’Hare offers a
number of services, such as a hair salon, a children’s museum, an
Track 36, Page 108 athletic club, and a post office. About 52,000 employees operate
The Busiest Airports the airport’s 215 restaurants and stores.
Three of the busiest airports in the world are in the United Established in 1925, Hartsfield has become the busiest airport in
States. Los Angeles Airport (LAX) is located in Los Angeles, the world. Over 104 million passengers pass through the airport
California. O’Hare Airport (ORD) is in Chicago, Illinois, and each year. Forty-five passenger and cargo airlines use the airport.
Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport (ATL) is in Atlanta, More than 63,000 employees work for the airlines and the 263
Georgia. These three are the busiest airports in the US because restaurants and shops. In fact, the airport is the largest employer in
of the large number of passengers that pass through them Georgia. To help people move from terminal to terminal, or from
every year. In addition, these airports move a great deal of cargo a terminal to one of the 30,000 parking spaces, the airport has an
(packages, equipment, and so on). underground train, which connects all the airport terminals.

UNIT 8
Track 37, Page 116 Track 39, Page 117
1. changed Base Form Past Base Form Past
2. rented be was/were grow grew
3. looked become became have had
4. needed begin began hear heard
5. liked bite bit know knew
break broke leave left
6. wanted
bring brought lose lost
7. helped
buy bought make made
8. called come came meet met
9. lived cost cost pay paid
10. painted do did put put
11. signed drink drank read read
12. waited drive drove ring rang
eat ate run ran
Track 38, Page 116 fall fell say said
1. He lived in a small apartment. feel felt see saw
2. He looked at many apartments. fight fought sell sold
find found send sent
3. He filled out a rental application.
fly flew sit sat
4. He signed a lease.
forget forgot sleep slept
5. He packed all his things. get got speak spoke
6. He borrowed a van. give gave spend spent
go went steal stole

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 Base Form Past Base Form Past Track 42, Page 124
take took wake woke Tiny Living
teach taught wear wore How much space do you need? If you think that you can live
tell told write wrote in a small, efficient space, maybe a tiny home is right for you.
Tiny homes are affordable alternatives to normal-sized homes.
think thought There are tiny house communities from California to Texas to
Georgia. The American Tiny House Association can give you more
Track 40, Page 120 information. There are also TV shows about building tiny homes.
OK, this is my timeline. I started in 2010 because in that year
I graduated from high school and, a few months after that, I Tiny homes come in many styles. Owners can buy and use
found my first job. I worked and I saved money and, in 2012, I construction plans or they can customize their tiny homes.
bought a car. I already had my license, but I didn’t have a car. The Some homes look very modern, but others look like most
next year, that’s 2013, I went back to Poland to visit my family other homes—just smaller. One thing that tiny homes have
and my friends. My grandparents live in Poland and it was my in common is that they are very small, but they have the
grandmother’s 75th birthday, so everyone went back to Poland to essentials: a place to sleep, a kitchen, a refrigerator, a bathroom,
celebrate. In 2015, I found another job—a better job—as a store a compact washer/dryer, and an open living space. Others
manager. I met Eva, my wife, in 2015 too, and we got married in have outdoor space or a balcony. If a person chooses to live in
2016. After we got married, the next year, in 2017, we moved to a tiny home, storage space is very important. There is storage
Chicago and that’s where we live today, in Chicago. everywhere.
There are pros and cons to owning a tiny home. One of the main
Track 41, Page 122 advantages is the cost. It is cheap to own a tiny home, and the
A: We might move… again! When I was in my country, I lived in the utility bills are lower, especially if the home has solar power. Tiny
same house for 22 years. I’ve been in the United States for seven homes are convenient if an owner decides to move. That is why
years and I’ve moved four times. And we might move again. some tiny homes are on wheels. However, if your home is on
wheels, you need a pickup truck to move it. Another advantage is
B: Four times? that it takes less time to clean, but you must be organized. A tiny
A: Yes. Can you believe it? The first move was from Puerto Rico to home can be uncomfortable if it is messy. Finally, another pro is
Florida. My father got a job offer in Florida, in Tampa. My family that a couple will spend more time together. A con is that you will
and I moved to an apartment in Tampa. I met Diego a year lose some of your privacy.
later and we got married. We stayed in Tampa and we rented a In Detroit, Michigan, a program is offering tiny homes to low-
one-bedroom apartment near my family. Our neighbors were income single residents. This program helps individuals who
really nice, but we only stayed there for a year. have had hard times because of homelessness, prison, or low
B: Why did you move? income. Any person with a steady job, even at minimum wage,
can apply for a new tiny home. Each home has a kitchen, a
A: The apartment building was old and it had a lot of problems.
bathroom, a living room, a backyard, and a washer-dryer. Some
The landlord didn’t fix things. The air conditioning was
homes have separate bedrooms too. The homes cost between
always broken. One time in the summer, we didn’t have air
$40,000 and $50,000. The residents pay $1 per square foot, so
conditioning for a week. So, we moved to an apartment in
a home of 250 square feet will cost $250 a month. Similar tiny
Largo. We liked Largo. We were only a few blocks from the
home communities for low-income residents are available in
beach and for me, it was only twenty minutes to drive to work.
other states.
We lived there for two years.
B: So, why did you move back to Tampa? Track 43, Page 128
A: That was an easy decision. We had a baby! Ian is three now. I Conversation 1
needed to go back to work and we needed someone to take Owner: Hello, Mike Paulis speaking.
care of the baby. So, we moved back here, to Tampa, closer to Tenant: Hi, Mr. Paulis. This is Sam Jenkins from apartment 205.
my parents. Mom takes care of Ian. Our air conditioning isn’t working.
B: So you’ve been here for three years. Owner: Oh, no… What’s your thermostat set at?
A: Right. But, now we have to decide what to do. Diego’s company Tenant: 75 degrees. It’s 82 in here now.
has offered him a promotion, but it’s in Pensacola. It’s a big salary
increase, so we could buy a house. And I’m pregnant again. Owner: I see. Will you be home this morning?
B: You’re pregnant! Oh, that’s wonderful! Tenant: No, I’m working today.
A: Diego wants to move and take the promotion. I can stay Owner: Well, tomorrow is Saturday. Will you be home?
home for a few years and go back to work when the kids are in Tenant: Yes, I’ll be home all day.
school. But Pensacola is so far from my family, about 500 miles
Owner: Great. I can come tomorrow morning around 10 o’clock.
from here. I’m not sure what to do.
Tenant: OK, thanks. See you tomorrow morning.
B: You have lots of decisions to make.

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 Conversation 2 Owner: Hmm. Well, will you be home this morning?
Owner: Nora Colwell. Tenant: Yes, I’ll be home.
Tenant: Hello, Ms. Colwell. This is Sarah Darmon from apartment 4. Owner: I’ll come up this morning then.
I called you yesterday, about the freezer. It isn’t working, all the
food in the freezer went bad. Tenant: Ms. Colwell, you told me that yesterday and you never
came. I had to throw out all the food in the freezer.
Owner: Really? That refrigerator is almost new.
Owner: Well, that is a problem. I’ll be there today at 9.
Tenant: Actually, I looked at the date on the side of the door. The
refrigerator is 15 years old. Tenant: OK, I’ll be waiting.

UNIT 9
Track 44, Page 130 15. Were schools closed for a long time?
drought No, they weren’t. Schools opened the day after the storm.
earthquake
flood Track 46, Page 133
forest fire 1. Did you see the tornado?
heat wave 2. Did you watch the storm on TV?
hurricane
snowstorm / blizzard 3. Did you evacuate?
tornado 4. Did you have any damage?
volcanic eruption
5. Did you feel the earthquake?
Track 45, Page 132 6. Did you lose power?
1. How deep was the water?
It was six feet deep. Track 47, Page 138
A: That was a really bad hurricane you had last month.
2. How strong was the wind?
It was a hundred miles per hour. B: I know, it was our first hurricane since we moved here to North
Carolina. We thought it was terrible, but the old-time residents
3. Were you in Texas during the drought?
told us it was just an average one.
Yes, I was.
A: How much warning did you have?
4. How long was the drought?
It was five months long. B: We got nothing but warnings. 24 hours a day, all day for
about a week. The radio, the TV, the newspapers—the news
5. Was there any rain?
was nonstop.
No, there wasn’t.
A: So, what did you do to get ready?
6. Where were the tornadoes?
They were in Nebraska. B: Well, we had to get everything out of the yard. We put the
yard furniture, the barbecue grill, the garbage cans, everything
7. Were you at home?
into the garage. If we didn’t, they could fly through a window
No, I wasn’t. I was in my car.
during the hurricane. And, we bought lots of food, canned
8. How many tornadoes were there? food, in case we didn’t have power for cooking. We had to buy
There were four. batteries for flashlights and radios, and they told us to buy
9. When was the earthquake? water, lots and lots of water. And, we filled the bathtub with
It was last year. water too. We also bought a power saw.
10. How strong was the earthquake? A: A power saw?
Thankfully, it wasn’t strong. B: Yes. Hurricanes knock down trees. In a bad hurricane, two or
11. Were the children in school? three trees might fall in your yard. Everyone around here has
Yes, they were. power saws to cut them up.
12. Were any children hurt? A: How bad was the hurricane?
No, they weren’t. B: I thought it was terrible. The rain was so heavy we couldn’t
13. Where was the forest fire? see out the windows. The wind was about 80 miles an hour
It was in the hills near my town. and it reached 100 miles an hour at times. It knocked down
the power lines and we didn’t have electricity for two days.
14. Was there a lot of snow during the blizzard? We were lucky, only one tree came down in the backyard, but
Yes, there was. our neighbor had a tree come down right through his roof

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