The Anglo-Saxon Rune Poems
Those specifically interested in the Anglo-Saxon runes may like to know that there are a further five
runes, namely Ac, Aesc, Yr, Iar and Ear. Ac relates to the oak tree, Aesc to the ash, Yr to the bow, Iar
to the otter and Ear to the grave. These five runes do not form part of the Elder Futhark which is the
main focus of this book, but all have Anglo-Saxon runic verses ascribed to them. Their symbols are
The Anglo-Saxon runic verses for these read as follows:
'Ac for the children of men on earth is flesh-fodder; it rares oft over the gannet's bath; the ocean tests
whether the oak keeps noble faith.'
'Aesc is extremely high, dear to men, strong on its base, sturdy of trunk, even though many men fight
against it.'
'Yr is to every aethling and eorl delight and dignity, is fair on a steed, trusty in company, a part of war-
gear.'
'Iar is a river fish, and yet it has pleasure of food on land; it has a fair home, surrounded by water,
where it dwells in delight.'
'Ear is grim to every eorl when the flesh inflexibly begins to chill, the corpse choose earth for consort
pale; pleasures pall, joys vanish; bonds are betrayed.'
The Norwegian runic poem reads: 'Yr (yew) is greenest of trees in winter, when it burns, it splutters.'
The Icelandic runic poem reads: 'Yr (yew) is bent bow, and brittle iron and Farbauti of arrow.'
We need to have our quiz before finishing this chapter, and again the answers are not given.