NCM 111 - Nursing Research D.
The nursing profession exists to
Questions and Answers based on provide service to society.
Textbook
5. What type of research provides a
Chapter 1 - Development of Nursing statistical analysis of the relationships
Research among variables?
1. The most reliable means of obtaining A. quantitative research studies
nursing knowledge is through B. qualitative research studies
C. a tightly controlled study
A. trial and error. D. a cost-effectiveness study
B. tradition.
C. scientific research. 6. Describe the usual setting for research
D. authority. during a qualitative study.
2. Applied research A. The setting is usually a remote place
where the participant responds to a
A. often leads to basic research. survey.
B. depends on the existence of healthy B. A small number of participants usually
participants. share their information in a natural setting.
C. usually occurs in a laboratory. C. Large numbers of participants respond
D. is not usually based on an immediate to computer-based surveys from their
practical need. homes.
D. A proctored and quiet test setting is
3. The major reason for conducting used to collect information.
nursing research is to
7. What is a graduate of a
A. promote evidence-based care for practice-focused doctoral nursing program
patients/clients. academically prepared to do? Choose all
B. promote the growth of the nursing that apply.
profession.
C. document the cost-effectiveness of A. Use advanced leadership knowledge.
nursing care. B. Evaluate research.
D. ensure accountability for nursing C. Translate research into practice.
practice. D. Begin an independent program of
research.
4. What statement explains how research E. Carry out research.
is establishing the credibility of nursing as
a profession? 8. All nurses should be able to
A. Nursing has traditionally borrowed A. identify researchable problems for
knowledge from the natural sciences. nursing research studies.
B. Through research, nursing has been B. explain the details of a medical
establishing a body of knowledge that is research study to potential participants.
distinct from other professions. C. determine when most study findings
C. Nurses were included on the Gallup are ready for use in nursing practice.
Poll as professionals with an ethical D. confidently critique the majority of
standard. published nursing research studies.
3. Which type of evidence is considered
9. As nurses first began to receive the gold standard for practice decisions?
advanced educational preparation and
became qualified to conduct research, A. survey evidence from patients following
many of their studies concerned discharge from the hospital
B. responses from a patient during his or
A. nursing education. her history and physical assessment
B. characteristics of nurses. C. evidence from randomized clinical trial
C. nursing administration. research studies
D. nursing care. D. evidence from the clinician’s clinical
experiences
10. Identify which topics are listed as
research priorities among the members of 4. Identify which concept within Sigma
the Oncology Nursing Society. Choose all Theta Tau International’s definition of EBP,
that apply. seems most sensitive to the nurses’ role
as patient advocate.
A. Quality of life
B. falls A. the patient’s values
C. Pain B. the best available evidence
D. domestic violence C. a conscientious use of the best
E. quality assurance evidence
D. cost-effectiveness
Chapter 2 - Evidence-Based Nursing
Practice 5. Complete the statement that best
describes an evidence-based practice
1. What person or organization is (EBP). An EBP is based on evidence
generally credited with starting the
movement toward evidence-based A. and changes to practice over time.
practice? B. from multiple studies that agree with the
clinician’s expert opinion.
A. Archie Cochrane C. from combinations of research studies
B. David Sackett and the patient’s needs and desires.
C. Cochrane Collaboration D. from a synthesis of studies and expert
D. Agency for Healthcare Quality and decisions that consider the patient’s
Research circumstances and values.
2. Identify the professional role of the 6. What is the overall goal of an
person who introduced the concept of evidence-based practice for nurses?
using evidence as a basis for practice
decisions. A. to improve patient outcomes with
traditional nursing knowledge
A. an American Nurse B. to improve the effectiveness of
B. a British epidemiologist processes and patient outcomes with the
C. one of the earliest male nurses introduction of current knowledge into
D. an Australian who started the Cochrane common care decisions
Library C. to explore how nursing expertise
supports the best healthcare for patients
D. to introduce the knowledge gained from B. process
patient surveys into clinical decision C. outcome
making D. composite
7. Identify which two entities recognize Chapter 3 - Research Evidence in Nursing
EBP in nursing as the best treatment Practice
plans for patient care.
1. Which concepts have been responsible
A. Cochrane Library and the National for revisions in the definitions of EBP?
Guideline Clearinghouse
B. David Sackett and Florence Nightingale A. evaluation of the process and structure
C. Joint Commission and the American of an EBP
Nurses Credentialing Center B. cost-efficiency and quality of healthcare
D. AHRQ and the National Quality C. concerns about the patient and family
Strategy desires
D. promotion of outcomes related to
8. Select the outcome for the following hierarchy of evidence
PICOT statement. Among patients with
migraine headaches in the emergency 2. Other than RCTs, what other type of
room, how does the administration of an research evidence should nurses consider
opioid medication compared with the for an EBP for clinical decisions?
administration of music therapy affect
patient satisfaction at the time of A. qualitative
discharge? B. expert opinions
C. cost-containment data
A. patients with migraine headaches D. traditional preferences
B. administration of opioid medication
C. administration of music therapy 3. What is an example of a
D. patient satisfaction knowledge-focused trigger for a change to
clinical practice?
9. Select two websites that would provide
examples of translational research. A. persistent incidence of pressure sores
among hospitalized elderly patients
A. CINAHL and primary research studies B. increases in complaints among patients
B. National Guideline Clearinghouse and with urinary retention
the Best Practice Information sheets of the C. a Medicare-based refusal to reimburse
JBI for catheter-associated urinary tract
C. PubMed and the Cochrane Library infections care
D. PubMed and patient databases D. high incidence of fall rates among
patients on antihypertensive medications
10. The National Quality Forum (NQF)
works to create measures that show how 4. What is an example of a
standards for prevention, screening, and problem-focused trigger for a change to
managing health conditions are met. clinical practice?
Which type of measure would help to
assess the results of healthcare? A. HIPPA regulation to keep patient data
secure from computer hackers
A. structural
B. Medicaid and Medicare decision to 9. Why are inadequate numbers of
collect research studies considered to be a
C. Increasing incidence of barrier to EBP?
ventilator-associated pneumonia
D. Center for Disease Control and Preven- A. There are not enough literature reviews
tion regulation to follow hand-washing that explain the existence of specific
guidelines disorders.
B. Not enough studies have compared
5. Building a team to effectively implement innovative strategies with usual care for
a sustainable EBP should be supported by patients.
C. Epidemiological databases do not
A. An organizational culture for EBP. reflect that the intended EBP is important.
B. individuals who enjoy utilizing research D. There are no case studies about the
findings. problem in the literature.
C. leaders who are experienced at
implementing EBP. 10. Why could there be resistance or
D. stakeholders who enjoy the benefits of barriers associated with the
EBP. implementation of some clinical guidelines
(CGs)?
6. Which of the following would not be
included as a benefit for implementing an A. CGs may fail to consider unique patient
EBP? needs
B. CGs could be based on old research
A. high-quality patient care studies.
B. less variation in practice standards C. CGs are not examples of quality
C. introduction of a newly patented device healthcare
D. reduced healthcare costs interventions.
D. CGs are never challenged.
7. Which type of evidence is most often
considered as the highest of the hierarchy 11. How could a librarian facilitate a
of evidence for practice decisions? committee that wishes to develop an
EBP? A librarian could
A. meta-analysis of multiple randomized
clinical trials A. interpret the research literature for the
B. a single well-controlled experimental sake of future publications.
study B. help access the research articles that
C. consensus of opinion from a group of the committee wishes to critique.
experts on the topic C. create outlines for possible plans for
D. case-control studies the EBP.
D. provide a rubric for evaluating the
8. Care bundles have been used evidence for the EBP.
A. to reduce a problem-focused trigger 12. How could professors from schools of
B. most often in critical care units. nursing assist as facilitators of EBP in
C. only in pilot studies. clinical settings? Professors
D. in emergency rooms.
A. can function as mentors to
practice-based nurses for EBP projects.
B. can establish the budgets for the Services federal policies (Code of Federal
resources that will facilitate EBP projects. Regulations 45 Part 46) for conducting
C. can make recommendations about the ethical research?
vision, mission, and goal of the agency.
D. are necessary contributors for the A. any researcher who receives
agency-based journal clubs. scholarship money
B. any institution that receives federal
Chapter 4 - Ethical Issues in Nursing money for research
Research C. researchers who study vulnerable
human subjects
1. What activities committed during World D. the Office of Human Research and
War II triggered the need for the Protections
Nuremberg Trials?
5. According to federal policy, what
A. atrocities committed for the sake of characteristics of a research proposal
research need IRB review?
B. abuses committed on military prisoners
in Japan A. a systematic investigation with an
C. atrocities committed in the labor camps intervention on an object that provides
in Germany generalizable knowledge
D. the need to establish guidelines for B. an investigation with a research
researchers protocol that may change to provide safe
care for patients
2. Which publication revealed the various C. a systematic investigation with an
types of experiments on biological warfare intervention with identifiable information
in Japan during World War II? from a human subject that will contribute
to generalizable knowledge
A. the Tuskegee Study D. an investigation with a protocol that
B. The Truth about Unit 731 rests on best practice from unit to unit with
C. the Nuremberg Code a focus on outcomes that are collected by
D. the Universal Declaration of Human the electronic health record
Rights
6. When compared to a research study,
3. Which popularly named principles for quality improvement project findings would
research subjects evolved from the more likely be focused on
Belmont Report?
A. outcomes within a specific clinical
A. to promote informed consent, risk setting.
assessments, and voluntary consent B. new knowledge that can be translated
B. conflict of interest, to avoid injury, and to other populations of patients.
to promote benefit C. each of the human subjects and their
C. the Universal Declaration of Human families’ concerns.
Rights D. curing a patient with a complex
D. respect for persons, beneficence, and situation.
justice
7. Which type of IRB review would be
4. Who must abide by the U.S. appropriate for research that focuses on a
Department of Health and Human newborn patient?
C. minor agreement
A. exempt review D. informed consent
B. expedited review
C. full review 12. A friend has agreed to participate in a
D. regular review research study. She thinks she should
automatically be sent a copy of the study
8. Which is a required element of informed results. You tell her:
consent for a research subject?
A. The researcher should automatically
A. a statement that provides a description send a copy of the study results to all
of the corporate rewards associated with participants.
the study B. Federal regulations require researchers
B. a statement that provides a clear to send a copy of the study results to all
understanding of all of the rationales for participants.
the study C. Study participants should be provided
C. a promise of the expected results from with the researcher’s contact information if
the research intervention a copy of the study results is desired.
D. a statement that describes how their D. A copy of the study abstract should be
information will be kept confidential mailed to all participants within 6 weeks of
completion of the study.
9. A questionnaire is being used to gather
data from the participants of the study. 13. What principle should guide nurses
Identifica- tion numbers on the corner of who are involved in research in the
the questionnaires correspond to the practice setting?
researcher’s master list of names and
numbers. Respondents are assured that A. Assure human rights of participants
this information will not be shared with throughout the research study.
anyone. The researcher is trying to ensure B. Continue to encourage participation in
the study.
A. confidentiality C. Document any adverse events during
B. informed consent the study.
C. anonymity D. Make certain that IRB has approved of
D. data security the study.
10. Which of the following is least likely to 14. The researcher added answers to the
be provided for subjects? places where there is missing data on the
research subject’s questionnaire. Which
A. informed consent term best describes this type of research
B. anonymity misconduct?
C. confidentiality
D. privacy A. plagiarism
B. data fabrication
11. What is the name of the process used C. data falsification
to obtain a child’s agreement for D. ghostwriting
participation in a study?
15. There are suspicions of research
A. assent misconduct in a study that is being carried
B. consent of a minor out in a nurse’s clinical setting. What
agency is responsible for investigating this D. Offer to collect data if the research
type of activity? team member is absent
A. the federal agency for the HIPPA Chapter 5 - An Overview of Quantitative
Privacy Rule and Qualitative Research
B. the American Nurses Association
C. the Nursing and Midwifery Council 1. Researchers should fit their research
D. the Office of Research Integrity question to the research method they
prefer to use.
16. Which situation could place a nurse A. True
researcher at risk of research misconduct? B. False
A. when a nurse is funded by the 2. The researcher exerts tight controls
manufacturer to test a device for over the research situation in qualitative
healthcare research.
B. when a nurse waits for authorization A. True
from the patient to use his health data B. False
C. when the researcher invites a colleague
with mutual responsibility for the study to 3. The steps to follow in quantitative
be a co-author of the written report. research are firmly fixed and cannot be
D. when the researcher discloses a changed.
financial relationship with an industrial A. True
manufacturer B. False
17. What situation is an example of nurse 4. Many research questions are
advocating for the research participant? appropriate for mixed methods research.
A. True
A. The nurse reports the noncompliant B. False
behaviors of the participant.
B. The nurse tells the participant how 5. Qualitative researchers are very
others have had problems with the study. concerned with the generalizability of their
C. The nurse takes extra time to explain study findings.
more about the details of the study. A. True
D. The nurse treats the subject as a B. False
personal friend.
6. The number of participants is generally
18. How would a nurse who is not on the larger in qualitative research than in
research team advocate for a research quantitative research.
participant in the clinical setting? A. True
B. False
A. Make the care of the patient be a
priority over the research intervention. 7. Communicating study results is an
B. Be prepared to evaluate the patient for important step in the research process.
any adverse effects of the research A. True
intervention. B. False
C. Take responsibility of witnessing the
informed consent.
8. Which statement is true when
comparing qualitative research to
quantitative research?
A. Qualitative research is easier to
conduct than quantitative research.
B. The amount of data to be analyzed is
usually greater in qualitative studies than
in quantitative studies.
C. The amount of time needed to conduct
a qualitative study is usually less than in a
quantitative study.
D. Qualitative research focuses on an
individual, whereas quantitative research
focuses on a group.
9. Which data collection methods are the
most appropriate for a qualitative study?
A. closed-ended questions and
nonparticipant observations
B. participant observations and
semistructured interviews
C. structured interviews and physiological
measures
D. closed-ended questions and structured
interviews
E. All of these data-collection methods
would probably be considered.
10. When both qualitative and quantitative
research methods are used
simultaneously in the same study, this
procedure is called:
A. mixed methods
B. meta-analysis
C. multitrait/multimethod
D. methodological plurality
