B.
Pharm (Bachelor of Pharmacy)
SEMESTER – VII
Period Evaluation scheme
S. N. Course no. Subject (Theory) Credit Hours
L T P MSE ESE Sub Total
1 PS 1701 Pharmaceutics – VIII 3 0 0 30 70 100 3 3
2 PS 1702 Pharmacology – III 3 0 0 30 70 100 3 3
3 PS 1703 Pharmaceutical Chemistry – VII 3 0 0 30 70 100 3 3
4 PS 1704 Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 3 0 0 30 70 100 3 3
5 PS 1705 Pharmaceutical industrial management 3 0 0 30 70 100 3 3
6 PS 1706 Elective 3 0 0 30 70 100 3 3
Total 600 18 18
Period Evaluation scheme
S. N. Course no. Subject (Practical / Project) Credit Hours
L T P CPA ESE Sub Total
1 PS 1701P Pharmaceutics – VIII 0 0 4 20 30 50 2 4
2 PS 1702P Pharmacology - III 0 0 4 20 30 50 2 4
3 PS 1703P Pharmaceutical Chemistry – VII 0 0 4 20 30 50 2 4
4 PS 1706P Elective 0 0 4 20 30 50 2 4
Total 200 8 16
MSE (Internal Evaluation)., ESE - End Semester Examination.
CPA (Internal Evaluation)
Total Credits: 18+8 = 26 Total Marks 600+200=800 Total Hours 18+16 = 34
7
8. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.
9. X -ray Diffraction. 10. Radio immunoassay.
PS 1605P PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS – III (LAB)
L-T-P : 0-0-4 Credit : 2
1. Quantitative estimation of at least ten formulations containing single drug or more than one drug, using
instrumental techniques.
2. Estimation of Na+, K+, Ca++ ions using flame photometry.
3. IR of samples with different functional groups (-COOH, -COOR, - CONHR, - NH2, -NHR, -OH, etc.).
4. Workshop to interpret the structure of simple organic compounds using UV, IR, NMR and MS.
Recommended Books:
1. Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis
2. 2. Instrumental methods of Chemical Analysis by B.K. Sharma
3. 3. Instrumental methods of Analysis by Willard Den & Merrit
4. 4. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Beckette and Sten Lake Vol. 2
5. 5. Text Book of Pharmaceutical Analysis by Conner
SEMESTER - VII
PS 1701 PHARMACEUTICS - VIII (Pharmaceutical Technology II)
L-T-P : 3-0-0 Credit : 3
1. Capsules: Advantages and disadvantages of capsule dosage form, material for production of hard
gelatin capsules, size of capsules, method of capsule filling, soft gelatin, capsule shell and capsule content,
importance of base absorption and minimum/gm factors in soft capsules, quality control, stability testing and
storage of capsule dosage forms.
2. Micro-encapsulation: Types of microcapsules, importance of microencapsulation in pharmacy,
microencapsulation by phase separation, coacervation, multi orifice, spray drying, spray congealing,
polymerization complex emulsion, air suspension technique, coating pan and other techniques, evaluation of
micro capsules.
3. Tablets:
a) Formulation of different types of tablets, granulation, technology on large-scale by various
techniques, physics of tablets making, different types of tablet compression machinery and the
equipments employed, evaluation of tablets.
b) Coating of Tablets: Types of coating, film forming materials, formulation of coating solution,
equipments for coating, coating process, evaluation of coated tablets.
c) Stability kinetics and quality assurance.
4. Parenteral Products:
a) Preformulation factors, routes of administration, water for injection, pyrogenicity, non aqueous
vehicles, isotonicity and methods of its adjustment.
b) Formulation details, containers and closures and selection.
c) Prefilling treatment, washing of containers and closures, preparation of solution and suspensions,
filling and closing of ampoules, vials, infusion fluids, lyophillization & preparation of
sterile powders, equipment for large scale manufacture and evaluation of parenteral products.
d) Aseptic Techniques-source of contamination and methods of prevention, Design of aseptic area,
Laminar flow bench services and maintenance.
e) Sterility testing of pharmaceuticals.
5. Surgical products: Definition, primary wound dressing, absorbents, surgical cotton, surgical gauzes
etc. Bandages, adhesive tape, protective cellulosic hemostastics, official dressings, absorbable and
35
nonabsorbable sutures, ligatures and catguts. Medical prosthetics and organ replacement materials.
6. Packaging of Pharmaceutical Products: Packaging components, types, specifications and
methods of evaluation, stability aspects of packaging. Packaging equipments, factors influencing choice
of containers, legal and other official requirements for containers, package testing.
PS 1701P PHARMACEUTICS - VIII (LAB)
L-T-P : 0-0-4 Credit : 2
1. Experiments to illustrate preparation, stabilization, physical & biological evaluation of pharmaceutical
products like powders, capsules, tablets, parenterals, micro capsules, surgical dressing etc.
2. Evaluation of materials used in pharmaceutical packaging.
Recommended Books:
1. Bently’s Textbook of pharmaceutics by E.A. Rawlins (All India Traveller Book Seller, New Delhi)
2. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy by Lachmann, Libermann and Kanig (Varghese Pub.
House, Bombay)
3. Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems by Ansel, Allen and Popovich
(B.I.Waverly Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi)
4. REMINGTON : The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore)
5. Pharmaceutics : The Science of Dosage Form Design by Aulton (Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh)
PS 1702 PHARMACOLOGY - III
L-T-P : 3-0-0 Credit : 3
1. Drugs Acting on the Gastrointestinal Tract:
a) Antacids, Anti Secretory and Anti-ulcer drugs.
b) Laxatives and anti diarrhoeal drugs.
c) Appetite Stimulants and Suppressants.
d) Emetics and anti-emetics.
e) Miscellaneous-Carminatives, demulcents, protectives, adsorbents, astringents, digestants, enzymes and
mucolytics.
2. Pharmacology of Endocrine System:
a) Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones.
b) Thyroid hormones and anti thyroid drugs, parathormone, calcitonin and Vitamin D.
c) Insulin, oral hypoglycaemic agents & glucagon.
d) ACTH and corticosteroids.
e) Androgens and anabolic steroids.
f) Estrogens, progesterone and oral contraceptives.
g) Drugs acting on the uterus.
3. Chemotherapy:
a) General Principles of Chemotherapy.
b) Sulfonamides and cotrimoxazole.
c) Antibiotics-Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Chloramphenicol Erythromycin, Quinolones and
Miscellaneous Antibiotics.
d) Chemotherapy of tuberculosis, leprosy, fungal diseases, viral diseases, urinary tract infections and
sexually transmitted diseases.
e) Chemotherapy of malignancy and Immunosuppressive Agents.
4. Principles of Toxicology:
a) Definition of poison, general principles of treatment of poisoning with particular reference to
barbiturates, opioids, organophosphorous and atropine poisoning.
b) Heavy metals and heavy metal antagonists.
36
PS 1702P PHARMACOLOGY - III (LAB)
L-T-P : 0-0-4 Credit : 2
1. Experiments on Isolated Preparations:
a) To calculate the pA2 value of atropine using acetylcholine as an agonist on rat ileum preparation.
b) To calculate the pA2 value of mepyramine or chlorpheniramine using histamine as agonist on guinea
pig ileum.
c) To estimate the strength of the test sample of agonist/drug (e.g. Acetylcholine, Histamine, 5 -HT,
Oxytocin, etc) using a suitable isolated muscle preparation employing Matching bioassay, Bracketing
assay, Three point assay and Four point bioassay.
2. Pharmacology of the Gastrointestinal Tract: To study the Anti- secretary and anti-ulcer activity using
pylorus.
3. Clinical pharmacology: To determine the effects of certain clinically useful drugs on human volunteers
like:
(a) Antihistaminics
(b) Anti-anxiety and sedative drugs
(c) Analgesics
(d) Beta blockers.
Recommended Books:
1. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology by K.D.Tripathy
2. Pharmacology and pharmacotherapeutics by Satoshkar and Bhandarkar
3. Pharmacology by Prasun K Das, S.K.Bhattacharya and P.Sen.
4. Text book of Pharmacology by S.D. Sethi
5. The Pharmacological basis of Therapeutics by Goodman and Gilman
6. Pharmacology by Rang, Dale and Ritter.
7. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology by B.G.Katzung.
PS 1703 PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY - VII (Medicinal Chemistry - II)
L-T-P : 3-0-0 Credit : 3
Synthetic procedures of selected drugs, mode of action, uses, structure activity relationship including
Physico-Chemical properties of the following classes of drugs.
1. Steroids and related drugs: Steroidal nomenclature and stereochemistry, androgens and
anabolic agents, estrogens, and progestational agents, adrenocorticoids.
2. Drugs acting on the Central Nervous System: General Anesthetics, Local Anesthetics,
Hypnotics and Sedatives, Opioid analgesics, antitussives, anti convulsants, Antiparkinsonism
drugs, CNS stimulants, Psychopharmacological agents (neuroleptics, antidepressants, anxiolytics).
3. Diuretics, Cardiovascular drugs, Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet drugs.
Biochemical approaches in drug designing wherever applicable should be discussed.
PS 1703P PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY - VII (LAB)
L-T-P : 0-0-4 Credit : 2
1. Workshop on stereomodel use of some selected drugs.
2. Synthesis of selected drugs from the course content involving two or more steps and their spectral
analysis.
3. Establishing the Pharmacopoeial standards of the drugs synthesized.
Recommended Books:
1. Wilson and Grisvold’s Text Book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
2. Principles of Medicinal Chemistry by William O.Foye.
37
3. A Text Book of Medicinal Chemistry by S.N.Pandeya.
4. Medicinal Chemistry by Ashutoshkar.
5. Bentley’s and Driver’s Text Book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
PS 1704 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
L-T-P : 3-0-0 Credit : 3
1. Immunology and Immunological Preparations: Principles, antigens and haptens, immune system,
cellular humorai immunity, immunological tolerance, antigen-antibody reactions and their applications.
Hypersensitivity, Active and passive immunization, Vaccines- their preparation, standardization and storage.
2. Genetic Recombination: Transformation, conjugation, transduction, protoplast fusion and gene
cloning and their applications. Development of hybridoma for monoclonal antibodies. Study of drugs
produced by biotechnology such as Activase, Humulin, Humatrope, HB etc.
3. Antibiotics: Historical development of antibiotics. Antimicrobial spectrum and methods used for
their standardization. Screening of soil for organisms producing antibiotics, fermenter, its design, control of
different parameters. Isolation of mutants, factors influencing rate of mutation. Design of fermentation
process. Isolation of fermentation products with special reference to penicillins, streptomycins
tetracyclines and vitamin B12.
4. Microbial Transformation: Introduction, types of reactions mediated by microorganisms, design of
biotransformation processes, selection of organisms, biotransformation process and its improvements with
special reference to steroids.
5. Enzyme immobilization: Techniqes of immobilization, factors affecting enzyme kinetics. Study of
enzymes such as hyaluronidase, penicillinase, streptokinase and streptodornase, amylases and proteases etc.
Immobilization of bacteria and plant cells.
Recommended Books:
1. Industrial Microbiology by Casida.
2. Industrial Microbiology by A.H. Patel.
3. Industrial microbiology by Prescott and Dunn.
4. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology by Vyas and Dixit.
5. Molecularbiology and Genetic Engineering by A.M.Narayanan, A.M.Selvaraj, A.Mani
6. Text Book of Microbiology by Anantanarayana and Panicker.
7. Concepts in Biotechnology by Balasubramanium.
8. Molecular Biotechnology by Glick.
9. Molecular Biotechnology by Gingold.
PS 1705 PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT
L-T-P : 3-0-0 Credit : 3
1. Concept of Management: Administrative Management (Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing
and Controlling), Entrepreneurship development, Operative Management (Personnel, Materials, Production,
Financial, Marketing, Time/space, Margin/Morale). Principles of Management (Co-ordination,
Communication, Motivation, Decision-making, leadership, Innovation, Creativity, Delegation of Authority /
Responsibility, Record Keeping). Identification of key points to give maximum thrust for development and
perfection.
2. Accountancy: Principles of Accountancy, Ledger posting and book entries, preparation of trial
balance, columns of a cash book, Bank reconciliation statement, rectification of errors, Profits
and loss account, balance sheet, purchase, keeping and pricing of stocks, treatment of cheques, bills of
exchange, promissory notes and hundies, documentary bills.
3. Economics: Principles of economics with special reference to the laws of demand and supply, demand
schedule, demand curves, labor welfare, general principles of insurance and inland and foreign trade,
procedure of exporting and importing goods.
38
4. Pharmaceutical Marketing: Functions, buying, selling, transportation, storage, finance, feedback,
information, channels of distribution, wholesale, retail, departmental store, multiple shop and mail order
business.
5. Salesmanship: Principles of sales promotion, advertising, ethics of sales, merchandising, literature,
detailing. Recruitment, training, evaluation, compensation to the pharmacist.
6. Market Research:
(a) Measuring & Forecasting Market Demands-Major concept in demand measurement, Estimating
current demand, Geodemographic analysis, Estimating industry sales, Market share & Future demand.
(b) Market Segmentation & Market Targeting.
7. Materials Management: A brief exposure or basic principles of materials management-major
areas, scope, purchase, stores, inventory control and evaluation of materials management.
8. Production Management: A brief exposure of the different aspects of Production Management-
Visible and Invisible inputs, Methodology of Activities, Performance Evaluation Technique, Process-
Flow, Process Knowhow, Maintenance Management.
Recommended Books:
th
1. M. J. Etazel , B. J. Walker and W. J. Stanton, Marketing, Tata McGraw Hill, 13 Edition, 2004.
2. R. Saxena, “Marketing Management” Tata McGraw Hill, second Edition, 2003.
PS 1706 Elective Theory
L-T-P : 3-0-0 Credit: 3
PS 1706P Elective Practical
L-T-P : 0-0-4 Credit: 2
SEMESTER - VIII
PS 1801 PHARMACEUTICS - IX (Dosage Form Design)
L-T-P : 3-0-0 Credit : 3
1. Preformulation studies:
a) Study of physical properties of drug like physical form, particle size, shape, density, wetting dielectric
constant. Solubility, dissolution and organoleptic property and their effect on formulation, stability and
bioavailability.
b) Study of chemical properties of drugs like hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, racemization,
polymerization etc., and their influence on formulation and stability of products.
c) Study of pro-drugs in solving problems related to stability, bioavailability and elegancy of formulations.
2. Design, development and process validation methods for pharmaceutical operations involved in the
production of pharmaceutical products with special reference to tablets, suspensions.
3. Stabilization and stability testing protocol for various pharmaceutical products.
4. Performance evaluation methods
a) In-vitro dissolution studies for solid dosage forms methods, interpretation of dissolution data.
b) Bioavailability studies and bioavailability testing protocol and procedures.
c) In-vivo methods of evaluation and statistical treatment.
d) GMP and quality assurance, Quality audit.
e) Design, development, production and evaluation of controlled released formulations.
PS 1801P PHARMACEUTICS - IX (LAB)
L-T-P : 0-0-4 Credit : 2
39
