United Nations S /RES/19 of 2025
Security Council Distr.: General
25 January 2025
Resolution 19 of 2025
Agenda: Addressing the Escalation of Hostilities in the Middle East
Sponsors: Commonwealth of Australia, Federal Republic of Germany, The French Republic
Signatories: Federative Republic of Brazil, Dominion of Canada, People's Republic of China, Republic
of Hungary, Republic of India, Islamic Republic of Iran, State of Israel, Italian Republic, State of
Kuwait, Netherlands, State of Palestine, State of Qatar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republic of Türkiye,
Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Ukraine.
Adopted by the United Nations Security Council at its 1900th meeting, on
25 January 2025
The United Nations Security Council,
Recalling all the previous Resolutions on Palestine which include Resolution 2720 of 2023,
Resolution 2721 of 2023,
Recalling all the relevant Resolutions on Iraq which include Resolution 660 of 1990, Resolution 674
of 1990, Resolution 686 of 1991, Resolution 687 of 1991, Resolution 692 of 1991, Resolution 1483 of
2003, and Resolution 1956 of 2010,
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Recalling all the previous relevant Resolutions and relevant statements of the President regarding
Yemen which includes Resolutions 2624 of 2022, Resolutions 2643 of 2022, Resolutions 2675 of 2023,
Resolutions 2691of 2023, Resolutions 2707 of 2023,
Recalling all its previous Resolutions on Lebanon, in particular Resolutions 425 of 1978, Resolutions
426 of 1978, Resolutions 1559 of 2004, Resolutions 1680 of 2006, Resolutions 1701 of 2006, 1773 of
2007, Resolutions 1832 of 2008, Resolutions 1884 of 2009, Resolutions 1937 of 2010 and Resolutions
2004 of 2011, Resolutions 2064 of 2012, Resolutions2115 of 2013, Resolutions 2172 of 2014 and
Resolutions 2236 of 2015, Resolutions 2305 of 2016, Resolutions 2373 of 2017, Resolutions 2433 of
2018, Resolutions 2485 of 2019, 2539 of 2020, 2591 of 2021, and Resolutions 2650 of 2023
Recalling all the previous Resolutions regarding the Red Sea which includes Resolution 2722 of
2024,
Recalling all the earlier Resolutions regarding the agenda, namely Resolutions 2712 of 2023,
Resolutions 2718 of 2023,
Guided by the purposes and principles of the charter of the United Nations (UN), reaffirming the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and recalling the guidelines set forth by the International
Humanitarian Laws (IHL),
Recalling the Laws of Armed Conflicts (LOAC), the Geneva Convention of 1949, and its Additional
Protocol amendment of 1977,
1. Calls for a permanent and immediate ceasefire of hostilities for a secure environment
for the delivery of humanitarian aid to the people in the war zone;
2. Encourages member states to ensure efficient distribution of aid in the war zones by
collaborating with international national and local humanitarian organisations;
3. Requests the stakeholders, regional and international actors to participate in valid
measures for building confidence, including transparency in navigating military
activities;
4. Calls for global cooperation to ensure the protection and safety of the refugees and
internally displaced people as per the Refugee Convention of 1951 and the guidelines of
UNHCR on refugee protection;
5. Recommends structured regional peace dialogues by appointing a neutral mediator.
6. Encourages establishing a centralized UN Task Unit to investigate arms trafficking
routes using space satellite tracking and providing data with the regional;
7. Further recommends sanctions on countries and entities violating arms prohibition
under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter;
8. Designates neutral mediators to facilitate multilateral dialogue between stakeholders,
with the assistance of the United Nations for transparent framework which will include
pre-negotiation confidence-building measures, compulsory progress reporting to the
UNSC, and a time-bound action plan with mandatory standards to promote a ceasefire;
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9. Encourages the establishment of an UN-led humanitarian corridor for delivering aid
to the affected population in the war zone as per the Geneva Convention of 1949;
10. Further invites member states to fund the UN led international councils through
periodic audits;
11. Further recommends developing programs for the long-term rehabilitation of refugees
and affected populations ensuring a gender-sensitive approach as mentioned in the
UNSCR and the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination
against Women;
12. Encourages the creation of an UN-led tribunal to investigate and litigate violations of
international law and humanitarian law as mentioned in the Rome Statute 1998;
13. Emphasises strengthening the mechanisms of the International Criminal Court with
adherence to the Geneva Convention of 1949;
14. Recommends the establishment of an UN-led Middle East Reconstruction framework
to sponsor infrastructure rebuilding, providing employment opportunities to vulnerable
groups, and provide education to civilians, which addresses the socioeconomic
imbalance;
15. Encourages the formation of a Middle East Peace Union to promote peaceful dialogue
between the regional and global actors;
16. Further invites mutual agreement between the stakeholders of the Arab League, Gulf
Cooperation Council (GCC), and other regional actors;
17. Decide to remain actively seized in the matter.
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