Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Identifying the Problem
and Asking the Question
It deals with identifying the inquiry and stating of the problem. It walks the
students towards designing a research project related to daily life, describing
justifications or reasons for conducting the research stating the background of the
problem, presenting the Conceptual Framework, stating the Research Hypothesis,
presenting a written statement of the problem, asserting the definition of terms, stating
the Importance of the study, and determining scope and delimitation of the
study.
The module has seven lessons:
• Background of the Problem
• Conceptual Framework
• Research Hypothesis (for Quantitative Research)
• Statement of the Problem
• Significance of the study
• Scope and limitations of the study
• Definition of terms
LESSON 2.1 : Background of the Problem
The background of your study will provide context to the information discussed
throughout the research process. The background information of your study may
include both important and relevant studies.
Furthermore, the background of the study will deliberate your statement of the
problem, rationale, and research questions. It links the introduction to your research
study and guarantees a logical flow of ideas. Thus, it helps readers understand and
comprehend your reasons and explanations for conducting the study.
Problem statements or background of the study have three elements:
➢ The problem itself, stated clearly and with enough contextual detail to
establish why it is important;
➢ The method of solving the problem, often stated as a claim or a working thesis;
➢ The purpose, statement of objectives and scope of document the writer is
preparing.
Research Problem
A research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a condition
to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that
exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need
for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. It is typically
posed in the form of a question.
ACTIVITY!
LESSON 2.2: Conceptual Framework
Researchers create and generate theoretical and conceptual frameworks that
comprise a philosophical and methodological model to help and aid to design their
work.
A Conceptual Framework is an analytical tool with several variations and
contexts that can be applied in different categories of work where an overall picture is
needed to come up with the desired goal. It is necessary to make conceptual and
theoretical distinctions and organize ideas. Strong and resilient conceptual
frameworks capture and apprehend something real and do this in a way that is easy to
remember and apply.
The theoretical and conceptual frameworks provide evidence of academic
standards and procedures that validates the authenticity of the study. They also
proposed an explanation and clarification of why the study is relevant and how the
researcher expects to fill the gap in the literature.
How to create a Conceptual Framework
A conceptual framework is a bit like a recipe or a blueprint. It provides an outline of
how you plan to conduct the research of your thesis, but it goes further than that by
also positioning your work within the larger field of research.
➢ Conduct a Literature Review
Before you can have your research, you need to understand and comprehend what research has already
been conducted on your topic of interest and curiosity.
➢ Create a Flow Chart
Conceptual frameworks are frequently visual and allow those reading the framework to understand the
course of your research. You can present this in whatever way makes the most sense for your work,
which can include a flow chart, mind gap or diagram.
➢ Write a Narrative
Conceptual frameworks don’t have to include a diagram or graphic. You can always present the same
information and evidence by writing a narrative.
➢ Return and Revise
As you begin your research, you may discover that certain elements of your conceptual framework are
no longer needed.
