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EDUCATIONAL EQUITY AND EQUALITY OF (LGBT)TRANSGENDER IN INDIA:
SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL POLICY(NEP-2020)
Article · January 2023
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EDUCATIONAL EQUITY AND EQUALITY OF UG C C AR E
APPROVED
(LGBT)TRANSGENDER IN INDIA: SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL POLICY(NEP-2020)
ABSTRACT
Transgender and Hijra people (LGBT)are marginalized in India. They recognize India's inclusive education
pupils as belonging to them. This article looks at the education of transgender students in India through the
lens of the inclusive education model and suggests ways to make things more consistent. The National
Education Policy (NEP) 2020 focuses on children and youth from socially and economically disadvantaged
groups, especially girls. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 calls for a Gender Inclusion Fund (GIF)
to help the country better give girls and transgender students a quality education.
Keywords: Transgender (LGBT), Educational opportunities, NEP-2020
Introduction Muhammad Babur describes adolescence in Baburnmma.
India's diversity requires a flexible education system Ottoman and Mughal transgender officials. They held
to meet diverse needs. Interdisciplinary education improves important jobs because they were clear, honest, and pure,
global competitiveness. The Indian Constitution says every including the executive officer, the religious leader of Mecca
citizen can grow regardless of caste, religion, gender, etc. and Medina, and the people's blessings. Pelsaert visited
Social security, democracy, equality, free speech, etc. Mughal India. In 1626, he had his travelogue translated.
Article 21's amendment allows gender identity choice. The Eunuchs guarded the Mughal harem.
Indian children deserve safety and education. India does Who maintained haram? Akbar's father, Nazir
not report transgender dropout and pass rates. Transgender (Ambar), is in charge of Akbar's court. Ain-i-Akbari, also
literacy is 56.1%, compared to 74.04% nationally. Dropouts called Ambar Itibar Khan. Niamat cared for Akbar's harem,
and low literacy result from exclusive schools. On April Khwaja, and Nazir in Akbarnama. Transgender people have
24, 2015, the Indian Supreme Court ruled that the Rajya declined since the 1800s. They were jailed as"criminals"
Sabha Act, 2014, section 2(t), etc. Since the 2011 Census for kidnapping.
first counted 4.9 million transgender people, third-gender BISWAJYOTI SARMAH
people have existed. 46% versus 76% are educated. RTE- Assistant Professor,
2009 teaches illiterate dropouts. Faculty of Education and Liberal Arts,
Apex Professional University, Pasighat, India.
Historical background of transgender
Dr.R.S.S.NEHRU
The Aravanis practiced their culture in Villupuram, Assistant Professor, Department of Education,
Tamil Nadu (Transgender). The Mahabharata began it. Sikkim University, Gangtok & Post-Doctoral
Scholar (D.Litt in Education),
Lord Krishna married Iravan, who was sacrificed to
Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, India.
Goddes to win the war, as Mohini. Shikhandi fought the Dr.P.WILLIAM BENARJI
Kauravas in Kurukshetra. The third generation followed Lecturer in Education, Department of Education,
Lest into the woods. King Rama invited them to Ayodhya; Central University of Odisha, Koraput, Odisha,
King Rama returned to Ayodhya. Lord Rama blesses them; India.
Research and Reflections on Education ISSN 0974 - 648 X(P) Vol. 20 No. 4 Oct-Dec 2022 2
UG C C AR E
APPROVED
Transgender people's political-legal standing and confirmation school grant, etc. Network Kochi, Japan,
social recognition opened an LGBT center in March 2009; Kalki
The world's most renowned transgender person is Subramaniam founded Sahaj International. Ernakulam's
Indian. Transgender people are one of India's most hated Thrikkakara; Odisha's "Sweekruti" initiative ensures
and vulnerable minorities. Manabi Bandopadhyay is transgender equality. It wants to isolate and stigmatize
Krishnagar Women's College's first transgender head; she transgender people. Karnataka's CM Siddaramaiah
is the first transgender Ph.D. recipient in recent years; and established the Mythri Scheme in 2013–14, giving
a Vivekananda Satobarshiki Mahavidyalaya instructor. transgender people over 40 a 500 rupee monthly pension.
Joyita Mondal is North Bengal's Lok Adalat chief judge.
On March 2, 2019, Assam's secular government aid agency
Mumtaz, 29, is the first transgender candidate for the
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in Punjab. Advancement announced a plan to help transgender people.
officials Amruta Alpesh Soni and Assam's Lok Adalat chose 1. India's Election Commission tested letting transgender
Bidhan Barua, Maharashtra chose Vidya Kamble, and people choose "other" in 2009.
Bollywood transgender, Pakhi Sharma.
2. MNREGA-2005 is essential for open work routes.
They addressed Aravani, a government program to
support transgender people. The framework allows 3. India's Constitution says in Articles 14, 15, 16, and 21
transgender people a free open room,separate records, a that people should not be separated based on their
Research and Reflections on Education ISSN 0974 - 648 X(P) Vol. 20 No. 4 Oct-Dec 2022 3
sexual orientation. The court safeguarded the given endlessly from home, improper offices, UG C C AR E
articulation under Article 19(1)(a), and no one can and transgender student data. APPROVED
stop it (2).
Satischandra (2017) education and child
The 2014 Transgender Persons Act allows transgender development. His paper emphasizes advancement. Some
people to make decisions. Transgender children cannot be groups, communities, and people stay on the periphery due
separated from their parents without their consent. Section to orthodox thinking, a lack of knowledge, or faulty social
11(2) states that if the family rejects the transgender child, and global growth planning and policies. "Hijra" is
the court will allow Transgender people not to be marginalized socially, academically, economically,
discriminated against. No foundation or organization may psychosocially, and sexually. Transgender students and
discriminate against transgender people in employment, adults must coexist to be accepted. Transgender-friendly
advancement, or other areas. Transgender applicants can teachers are needed. Trans children need teachers.
attend decision-making meetings and keep their jobs under Transgender history, lifestyle, culture, rituals, customs, life
Section 16(2). Section 22 requires a 2% transgender skills, psychosocial conditions, psychosexual features,
enlistment rate. Article 26:1 says transgender people will money-making, sex work, legal provisions, and welfare
be able to work. Article 38(1) says states should create programs should be included in teacher training programs.
commissions to use their power and limits. Section 3 of the Students understand transgender issues.
Transgender Persons Act of 2016 makes it illegal to separate
Balabantaray and Singh (2020). Several factors have
transgender people because:
slowed the growth of India's National Educational Policy
4. Treatment withdrawal, termination, or discontinuation 2020 Transgender community (TGC). People in these places
in instructive foundations and administrations. have a high level of education and no social problems. This
5. Unreasonable treatment at work or in the course of article examines TGC education in India.
one's occupation.The repudiation of, or end to, work Yadav and Gorakhnath (2022). India's transgender
or occupation. problems. It discusses transgender issues. Lalita Park, New
6. The repudiation or suspension of, or uncalled for Delhi, used a self-made transgender questionnaire.
treatment in, medicinal service administrations. Questionnaire validation Sociocultural issues affect
7. Refusal, termination, or out-of-line treatment of goods, transgenders. They're unpopular. Families mock transgender
services, offices, benefits, or opportunities available people. They're neglected by most families. Transgender
to the public. travelers face family harassment. Transgender people are
sometimes bullied. Families and neighbors move transgender
8. Swearing or the termination of out-of-line treatment
people. Transgenders are rarely forced into prostitution.
on one development side. Segment 17(1) tells the
The report says most transgender people don't get organ
Central Government to set up a National Council to
transplants.
help transgender people in the country. This is done by
giving the committee notice to use its powers and Policies and provisions for transgender education
abilities. Transgender pupils drop out. The public doesn't
Studies on Transgender Education recognize them and they don't get sufficient coaching. School
incitement disturbed everyone. NALSA opposes
Burns-Leitch-Hughes (2016) This paper examines
transgender medical care. Transgender education is
training imbalances at center meetings and with partners.
guaranteed. Schools must help transgender pupils under
Stereotyping in schools Rajkumar (2016); a lack of trans
the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2019.
awareness and understanding; a lack of school direction;
Transgender, non-binary, and intersex students must be
firm school rules; prohibition (including self-avoidance as a
accepted by 2020. The Madras High Court allowed pupils
result of not being acknowledged); and change planning.
to change their names and genders and granted LGBTQ+
Pallav Das(2019) tangled enrollment forms, moving
Research and Reflections on Education ISSN 0974 - 648 X(P) Vol. 20 No. 4 Oct-Dec 2022 4
kids counselors. Implementing the Transgender Act The transgender youngsters attend UG C C AR E
NYP focuses on LGBT students and instructs schools to traditional schools. 2009's Right to APPROVED
create transgender action plans. NEP reduces dropout rates Education Act offered low-income
and boosts attendance. Few Indian universities welcome children free elementary school. Affirming transgender youth.
LGBTQ+ students, notwithstanding their wishes. When Governments want transgender students in schools.
creating policies, institutions must consider men and women. Transgender education is hard. discussed.
Trans students need options. Change the gender and the A holiday is complicated. Students learn about sexual
name. Reduce your medical, financial, and educational orientation through testing. Integrating benefits teachers,
requirements. LGBTQ rights must be preserved. The states admins, and networks. Transgender teens should develop
should oversee schools. independence, and teachers should be informed.
Transgender discrimination was banned in 2009. It Transgender high schoolers need moral certainty and
included a 25% reserve for conventional schools. Part 2 respect. Transgender people and children can access
requires "training" (i). Transgender people in recovery need IGNOU's ODL programs. Transgender students won't
autonomy, tolerance, and support. The 2014 Transgender experience bigotry. Transgender students prosper.
Persons Act requires sponsored or recognized local Students may mock transgender students.
governments to provide inclusive education. Transgender youth should use preferred pronouns. Torment.
Without discriminating against transgender children, Whether you believe it or not. Trans people who are self-
every educational institution should admit transgender assured. Credibility is boosted. Schools and organizations
students with quality. should teach transgender youth rights and dignity. Racism,
Based on the individual's requirements, reasonable sexism, homophobia, and disability must be eliminated;
accommodation should provide. government or NGO financing may slow transgender
expansion. scholarships, books, and hotels for transgender
Necessary support in environments should be provided,
teens. Prioritize transgender schools and infrastructure.
and respect for every transgender student's participation
Transgender students must learn. Know transgender
should be monitored.
children's hardships.
Section (21) of the activities mentioned above makes
Educational Initiatives: Gender-Inclusive Schools
provision that should be reserved person by all the
educational institutions which are receiving aid from the A comprehensive sexual orientation school verifies
government. that paying little heed to one's sex character or gender
articulation, understudies for all parts of the school condition
Challenges in Transgender Education
without limitation or constraint. Through deliberate practices,
Transgender students aren't protected in India. strategies, and different activities, these schools show this
Inadequate policies hurt transgender students. It's true concentration in enormous and little ways. From
whether they have surgery or self-identify. Students in India fundamental methodologies to unobtrusive associations, a
couldn't move hostels, return after surgery, or face comprehensive sexual orientation school reflects
administrative impediments. Change formal documents, unmistakably on its locale.
acquire, accommodation and adjust academically and
NEP-2020: Inclusion of transgender students in
socially. Transgender children are discouraged by poor
schools
school policies.
Universal education was emphasized. According to
Children have obligations. Transgender youth, the
UNESCO, inclusion removes educational barriers and
homeless, and those who refuse to use services are enraged.
ensures student success. India doesn't understand the
They're part of our culture and can help us progress. The
history, meaning, and use of inclusive education. Site-
"Third Gender" alienates them. lawful but marginalized third-
inclusive NEP 2020. Migrants, transgender people, village
sex orientations. Right to Education-2009 recommends
Research and Reflections on Education ISSN 0974 - 648 X(P) Vol. 20 No. 4 Oct-Dec 2022 5
children, and ambitious districts are all included in the SDGs. 4. Balabantaray, Subhra & Singh, Avni. UG C C AR E
The goals shouldn't favor groupings. This applies to refugee (2020). Review of (revisiting) the APPROVED
children, LGBQTI pupils, and internal migrants not in NEP transgender education in India: An
2020. Education policy affects conversations. India's Human analysis of the National Educational Policy 2020. Journal of
Resource Development Ministry's 2020 National Education Public Affairs. 10.1002/pa.2504.
Policy needs reconsideration. 5. Chandra, S. (2017). Transgender Children's Education and
NCPCR requested changes to NCERT's integration their re-engagement in society. International Journal of
training manual. "Transgender Children in School Education: Educational Research Studies, 2(13):875–89.
Concerns and Roadmap" instruct teachers on how to
6. 1st December, A. W./T./, 2021; and Ist, 15:34 (n.d.). Easing the
embrace transgender children (1st December et al., n.d.).
inclusion of transgender students in schools—Times of India.
"Co-studying makes schools more inclusive." Inclusive
The Times of India. Retrieved 31st October 2022, from
teaching prohibits gender, class, and caste bias. Disabled
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/
children were mistreated. Transgender students are helped
easing-the-inclusion-of-transgender-students-in-schools/
by NEP 2020, as required by the Transgender Person Act.
articleshow/88028667.cms
Accept and teach transgender students. Transgender
students can't attend special-needs schools. Transgender 7. Kalra, Gurvinder (2011). Hijras: the unique transgender
people can't choose; changing perceptions is harder. culture of India. International Journal of Culture and Mental
Transgender students exist. Health, 5(2):121-126.
Conclusion 8. Kaur, I.(2014,October10).Third-gender kids are now covered
under RTE. Retrieved from www.dailypioneer.com
People must embrace its help in the 21st century
because everyone is unique and part of nature. Honor 9. National Education Policy 2020 Ministry of Human Resource
constitutions. Articles 15(1), 15(2), and 16 bans transgender Development Government of India. (2020). https://
discrimination (2). everyone. Article 41 limits economic www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/
growth. Third sex should be avoided. Transgender children NEP_Final_English_0.pdf
and adults should be supported in school, social life, and 10. Pallav Das (2019). International Journal of Research in
careers. Transgender people or children need proper Engineering, Science and Management. Higher Education of
education, age, literacy, enrolment, and dropout rates. Transgenders in India: Opportunities and Challenges,
Through the next Census, automated research, and official 2(2):371–375.
publications, this data can help the government create new
opportunities and provisions for the community. The 11. Publication of the GOI (2014).The Rights of Transgender
government and culture must support transgender people. Persons Bill-2014”, Bill No. XLIXC-C of 2014, Lok Sabha,
Transgender students in India face school challenges. Parliament of India, New Delhi.
Transgender and LGBTQ+ people must be taught in India. 12. Publication of the GOI (2016).The Transgender Persons
References (Protection of Rights) Bill-2016.” Bill No.210 of 2016, Rajya
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and Challenges, International Journal of Research in
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Research and Reflections on Education ISSN 0974 - 648 X(P) Vol. 20 No. 4 Oct-Dec 2022 6
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