Ledger

Q1. Journalize the following transactions in the books of Amit and post them in the Ledger:
2023 Particulars ₹
March 1 Bought goods for cash 25,000
March 2 Sold goods for cash 50,000
March 4 Bought goods for credit from Gopal 19,000
March 6 Sold goods on credit to Robin 8,000
March 9 Received from Robin 6,000
March 10 Paid to Gopal 5,000
March 15 Bought furniture for cash 7,000

Sol.
Journal Entries
Date Particulars L.F. Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
Mar 1 Purchases A/c Dr. 25,000
To Cash A/c 25,000
(Being goods bought for cash)
Mar 2 Cash A/c Dr. 50,000
To Sales A/c 50,000
(Being goods sold for cash)
Mar 4 Purchases A/c Dr. 19,000
To Gopal's A/c 19,000
(Being goods bought on credit from Gopal)
Mar 6 Robin's A/c Dr. 8,000
To Sales A/c 8,000
(Being goods sold on credit to Robin)
Mar 9 Cash A/c Dr. 6,000
To Robin's A/c 6,000
(Being cash received from Robin)
Mar 10 Gopal's A/c Dr. 5,000
To Cash A/c 5,000
(Being cash paid to Gopal)
Mar 15 Furniture A/c Dr. 7,000
To Cash A/c 7,000
(Being furniture bought for cash)

Ledger Postings
1. Cash Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Mar 2 To Sales 50,000 Mar 1 By Purchases 25,000
 A/c A/c
Mar To Robin's 6,000 Mar 10 By Gopal's 5,000
9 A/c A/c
Mar 15 By 7,000
Furniture
A/c
Mar 31 By Balance 19,000
c/d
Total 56,000 Total 56,000
Apr 1 To Balance 19,000
b/d

2. Purchases Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Mar 1 To Cash A/c 25,000 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 44,000
Mar 4 To Gopal's A/c 19,000
Total 44,000 Total 44,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 44,000

3. Sales Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Mar To Balance 58,000 Mar By Cash 50,000
31 c/d 2 A/c
Mar By Robin's 8,000
6 A/c
Total 58,000 Total 58,000
Apr 1 By Balance 58,000
b/d

4. Gopal's Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Mar 10 To Cash A/c 5,000 Mar 4 By Purchases 19,000
A/c
Mar 31 To Balance 14,000
c/d
Total 19,000 Total 19,000
Apr 1 To Balance 14,000
b/d

5. Robin's Account
 Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Mar 6 To Sales A/c 8,000 Mar 9 By Cash A/c 6,000
Mar By Balance 2,000
31 c/d
Total 8,000 Total 8,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 2,000

6. Furniture Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Mar 15 To Cash A/c 7,000 Mar 31 By Balance 7,000
c/d
Total 7,000 Total 7,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 7,000

Q2. Journalize the following transactions of Mr. Raj and post them in the ledger:
2023 Particulars ₹
June 1 Raj invested cash in the business 5,00,000
June 3 Paid into Bank 80,000
June 5 Purchased building for 3,00,000
June 7 Purchased goods for 70,000
June 10 Sold goods for 80,000
June 15 Withdrew cash from bank 10,000
June 25 Paid electricity charges 3,000
June 30 Paid Salary 15,000

Sol.
Journal Entries
Date Particulars L.F. Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
Jun 1 Cash A/c Dr. 5,00,000
To Capital A/c 5,00,000
(Being cash invested by Raj in the business)
Jun 3 Bank A/c Dr. 80,000
To Cash A/c 80,000
(Being cash paid into bank)
Jun 5 Building A/c Dr. 3,00,000
To Cash A/c 3,00,000
(Being building purchased for cash)
Jun 7 Purchases A/c Dr. 70,000
To Cash A/c 70,000
(Being goods purchased for cash)
Jun 10 Cash A/c Dr. 80,000
To Sales A/c 80,000
(Being goods sold for cash)
 Jun 15 Cash A/c Dr. 10,000
To Bank A/c 10,000
(Being cash withdrawn from bank)
Jun 25 Electricity Charges A/c Dr. 3,000
To Cash A/c 3,000
(Being electricity charges paid)
Jun 30 Salary A/c Dr. 15,000
To Cash A/c 15,000
(Being salary paid)

Ledger Postings
1. Cash Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun 1 To Capital 5,00,000 Jun 3 By Bank A/c 80,000
A/c
Jun 10 To Sales A/c 80,000 Jun 5 By Building A/c 3,00,000
Jun 15 To Bank A/c 10,000 Jun 7 By Purchases 70,000
A/c
Jun By Electricity 3,000
25 Charges
A/c
Jun By Salary A/c 15,000
30
Jun By Balance c/d 1,22,000
30
Total 5,90,000 Total 5,90,000
Jul 1 To Balance b/d 1,22,000

2. Capital Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun 30 To Balance c/d 5,00,000 Jun 1 By Cash A/c 5,00,000
Total 5,00,000 Total 5,00,000
Jul 1 By Balance b/d 5,00,000

3. Bank Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun To Cash 80,000 Jun By Cash A/c 10,000
3 A/c 15
Jun By Balance 70,000
30 c/d
Total 80,000 Total 80,000
Jul 1 To Balance 70,000
 b/d
4. Building Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun 5 To Cash A/c 3,00,000 Jun 30 By Balance c/d 3,00,000
Total 3,00,000 Total 3,00,000
Jul 1 To Balance b/d 3,00,000

5. Purchases Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun 7 To Cash A/c 70,000 Jun 30 By Balance c/d 70,000
Total 70,000 Total 70,000
Jul 1 To Balance b/d 70,000

6. Sales Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun 30 To Balance c/d 80,000 Jun 10 By Cash A/c 80,000
Total 80,000 Total 80,000
Jul 1 By Balance b/d 80,000

7. Electricity Charges Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun 25 To Cash A/c 3,000 Jun 30 By Balance c/d 3,000
Total 3,000 Total 3,000
Jul 1 To Balance b/d 3,000

8. Salary Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jun 30 To Cash A/c 15,000 Jun 30 By Balance c/d 15,000
Total 15,000 Total 15,000

Q3. Journalize the following transactions and post the entries Ledger in the books of ABC:
2023 Particulars ₹
Jan 1 Business started with cash 2,00,000
Jan 5 Opened a bank account with Syndicate Bank 80,000
Jan 8 Goods purchased on credit from M/s Gulmohar Fashion House 30,000
Jan 10 Purchase office machines, paid by cheque 20,000
Jan 12 Rent paid by cheque 5,000
Jan 15 Sale of goods on credit to M/s Mohit Bros 10,000
 Jan 18 Cash sales 15,000
Jan 20 Cash paid to M/s Gulmohar Fashion House 30,000
Jan 25 Received a cheque from M/s Mohit Bros 10,000
Jan 30 Salary paid in cash 6,000

Sol.
Journal Entries
Date Particulars L.F. Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
Jan 1 Cash A/c Dr. 2,00,000
To Capital A/c 2,00,000
(Being business started with cash)
Jan 5 Bank A/c Dr. 80,000
To Cash A/c 80,000
(Being bank account opened with Syndicate Bank)
Jan 8 Purchases A/c Dr. 30,000
To M/s Gulmohar Fashion House A/c 30,000
(Being goods purchased on credit)
Jan 10 Office Machines A/c Dr. 20,000
To Bank A/c 20,000
(Being office machines purchased, paid by cheque)
Jan 12 Rent A/c Dr. 5,000
To Bank A/c 5,000
(Being rent paid by cheque)
Jan 15 M/s Mohit Bros A/c Dr. 10,000
To Sales A/c 10,000
(Being sale of goods on credit)
Jan 18 Cash A/c Dr. 15,000
To Sales A/c 15,000
(Being cash sales)
Jan 20 M/s Gulmohar Fashion House A/c Dr. 30,000
To Cash A/c 30,000
(Being cash paid to M/s Gulmohar Fashion House)
Jan 25 Bank A/c Dr. 10,000
To M/s Mohit Bros A/c 10,000
(Being cheque received from M/s Mohit Bros)
Jan 30 Salary A/c Dr. 6,000
To Cash A/c 6,000
(Being salary paid in cash)

Ledger Postings
1. Cash Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 1 To Capital A/c 2,00,000 Jan 5 By Bank A/c 80,000
Jan 18 To Sales A/c 15,000 Jan 20 By M/s 30,000
Gulmohar
 Fashion House
A/c
Jan 30 By Salary A/c 6,000
Jan 31 By Balance c/d 99,000
Total 2,15,000 Total 2,15,000
Feb 1 To Balance b/d 99,000

2. Capital Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 31 To Balance c/d 2,00,000 Jan 1 By Cash A/c 2,00,000
Total 2,00,000 Total 2,00,000
Feb 1 By Balance b/d 2,00,000

3. Bank Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 5 To Cash A/c 80,000 Jan By Office 20,000
10 Machines A/c
Jan 25 To M/s Mohit 10,000 Jan By Rent A/c 5,000
Bros 12
A/c
Jan By Balance c/d 65,000
31
Total 90,000 Total 90,000
Feb 1 To Balance b/d 65,000

4. Purchases Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 8 To M/s 30,000 Jan By Balance 30,000
Gulmohar 31 c/d
Fashion House
A/c
Total 30,000 Total 30,000
Feb 1 To Balance b/d 30,000

5. M/s Gulmohar Fashion House Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 20 To Cash A/c 30,000 Jan 8 By Purchases 30,000
A/c
Total 30,000 Total 30,000
6. Office Machines Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 10 To Bank A/c 20,000 Jan By Balance c/d 20,000
31
Total 20,000 Total 20,000
Feb 1 To Balance b/d 20,000

7. Rent Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan To Bank 5,000 Jan By Balance c/d 5,000
12 A/c 31
Total 5,000 Total 5,000
Feb 1 To Balance 5,000
b/d

8. M/s Mohit Bros Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 15 To Sales A/c 10,000 Jan By Bank A/c 10,000
25
Total 10,000 Total 10,000

9. Sales Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan To Balance c/d 25,000 Jan By M/s Mohit 10,000
31 15 Bros A/c
Jan By Cash A/c 15,000
18
Total 25,000 Total 25,000
Feb By Balance b/d 25,000
1

10. Salary Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan To Cash A/c 6,000 Jan By Balance 6,000
30 31 c/d
Total 6,000 Total 6,000
Feb 1 To Balance
b/d
Q4. Record the following transactions in the journal of Sunil and prepare the ledger accounts:
2023 Particulars ₹
April 1 Commenced business with cash 35,000
April 5 Purchased goods for cash 18,500
April 10 Sold goods for cash ₹ 21,000 and on credit to Shaan ₹ 19,000
April 15 Salary paid to Raja 15,000
April 28 Cash paid by Shaan in full settlement of his account 18,500

Sol.
Journal of Sunil
Date Particulars L.F. Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
Apr 1 Cash A/c Dr. 35,000
To Capital A/c 35,000
(Being business commenced with cash)
Apr 5 Purchases A/c Dr. 18,500
To Cash A/c 18,500
(Being goods purchased for cash)
Apr 10 Cash A/c Dr. 21,000
Shaan's A/c Dr. 19,000
To Sales A/c 40,000
(Being goods sold for cash and on credit)
Apr 15 Salary A/c Dr. 15,000
To Cash A/c 15,000
(Being salary paid to Raja)
Apr 28 Cash A/c Dr. 18,500
Discount Allowed A/c Dr. 500
To Shaan's A/c 19,000
(Being cash received from Shaan in full settlement)

Ledger Accounts of Sunil

1. Cash Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Capital A/c 35,000 Apr 5 By Purchases 18,500
A/c
Apr 10 To Sales A/c 21,000 Apr 15 By Salary A/c 15,000
Apr 28 To Shaan's A/c 18,500 Apr 30 By Balance 41,000
c/d
Total 74,500 Total 74,500
May 1 To Balance b/d 41,000
2. Capital Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 35,000 Apr By Cash A/c 35,000
30 c/d 1
Total 35,000 Total 35,000
May By Balance 35,000
1 b/d

3. Purchases Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 5 To Cash 18,500 Apr By Balance 18,500
A/c 30 c/d
Total 18,500 Total 18,500
May 1 To Balance 18,500
b/d

4. Sales Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 40,000 Apr By Cash A/c 21,000
30 c/d 10
Apr By Shaan's 19,000
10 A/c
Total 40,000 Total 40,000
May By Balance 40,000
1 b/d

5. Shaan's Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Sales 19,000 Apr By Cash A/c 18,500
10 A/c 28
Apr By Discount 500
28 Allowed A/c
Total 19,000 Total 19,000
 6. Salary Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 15 To Cash 15,000 Apr By Balance 15,000
A/c 30 c/d
Total 15,000 Total 15,000
May 1 To Balance 15,000
b/d

7. Discount Allowed Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Shaan's 500 Apr By Balance 500
28 A/c 30 c/d
Total 500 Total 500
May 1 To Balance 500
b/d

Q5. Following balances appeared in the books of Ashok on 1st April, 2023:
Assets: Cash ₹ 50,000; Stock ₹ 30,000; Debtors ₹ 50,000; Machinery ₹ 60,000.
Liabilities: Creditors-Rajesh ₹ 39,000.
Following transactions took place in April, 2023:
2023 Particulars ₹
April 4 Sold goods for cash 7,000
April 6 Goods returned by Ram 1,000
April 10 Purchased goods from Rajesh list price ₹ 10,000 valued at 9,000
April 15 Bought goods of the list price of ₹ 15,000 from Rakesh less 10% Trade
Discount and 5% Cash Discount and paid 40% price immediately.
April 20 Paid to Rajesh in full settlement of his account. 38,600
April 25 Paid Life Insurance premium of the proprietor. 500
April 30 Received for commission 2,000
Pass the Journal entries for the above transactions and post them into the Ledger accounts.

Sol.
Journal Entries
Date Particulars L.F. Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
April 4 Cash A/c Dr. 7,000
To Sales A/c 7,000
(Being goods sold for cash)
April 6 Sales Return A/c Dr. 1,000
To Ram's A/c 1,000
(Being goods returned by Ram)
April 10 Purchases A/c Dr. 9,000
To Rajesh A/c 9,000
(Being goods purchased from Rajesh)
 April 15 Purchases A/c Dr. 13,500
To Cash A/c 5,130
To Discount Received A/c 270
To Rakesh A/c 8,100
(Being goods purchased from Rakesh, 40% paid
immediately with cash discount, balance on
credit)
April 20 Rajesh A/c Dr. 39,000
To Cash A/c 38,600
To Discount Received A/c 400
(Being amount paid to Rajesh in full settlement
and discount received)
April 25 Drawings A/c Dr. 500
To Cash A/c 500
(Being life insurance premium of proprietor paid)
April 30 Cash A/c Dr. 2,000
To Commission Received A/c 2,000
(Being commission received)

Ledger Accounts:
1. Cash Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 50,000 Apr By Purchases 5,130
15 A/c (Rakesh)
Apr 4 To Sales A/c 7,000 Apr By Rajesh A/c 38,600
20
Apr 30 To 2,000 Apr By Drawings 500
Commission 25 A/c
Received A/c
By Balance c/d 14,770
Total 59,000 Total 59,000
2023 To Balance b/d 14,770
May 1

2. Stock Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance 30,000 Apr By Balance 30,000
b/d 30 c/d
Total 30,000 Total 30,000
2023 To Balance 30,000
May b/d
1
3. Debtors Account (or Individual Debtor Accounts, e.g., Ram)
* Assuming "Debtors ₹ 50,000" is a general opening balance, and Ram is a specific debtor.
* We'll show a general Debtors A/c and a Ram's A/c.
 Debtors Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 50,000 Apr By Balance 50,000
30 c/d
Total 50,000 Total 50,000
2023 To Balance 50,000
May b/d
1

Ram's Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr By Sales 1,000
6 Return A/c
Apr By Balance
30 c/d
(Balance depends
on how ₹50,000
debtors is broken
down. Assuming
Ram was part of
it, this entry
reduces his
balance by
₹1,000)
Note: Without a specific opening balance for Ram, we can't definitively calculate his closing balance. The Sales
Return entry reduces the overall debtors.

4. Machinery Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance 60,000 Apr By Balance 60,000
b/d 30 c/d
Total 60,000 Total 60,000
May To Balance 60,000
1 b/d

5. Creditors Account (or Individual Creditor Accounts, e.g., Rajesh, Rakesh)

Rajesh's Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Cash 38,600 Apr To Balance 30,000
20 A/c 1 b/d
 Apr 20 To 400 Apr By 9,000
Discount 10 Purchases
Received A/c
A/c
Total 39,000 Total 39,000

Rakesh's Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr By 8,100
15 Purchases
A/c
Apr To Balance 8,100
30 c/d
Total 8,100 Total 8,100
May To Balance 8,100
1 b/d

6. Capital Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 1,60,000 Apr By Balance 1,60,000
30 c/d 1 b/d
Total 1,60,000 Total 1,60,000
May To Balance 1,60,000
1 b/d

7. Sales Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 7,000 Apr By Cash 7,000
30 c/d 4 A/c
Total 7,000 Total 7,000
May 1 By Balance
b/d

8. Sales Return Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Ram's 1,000 Apr By Balance 1,000
6 A/c 30 c/d
Total 1,000 Total 1,000
May To Balance 1,000
1 b/d
 9. Purchases Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Rajesh 9,000 Apr By Balance 22,500
10 A/c 30 c/d
Apr 15 To Cash 13,500
A/c /
Rakesh A/c
Total 22,500 Total 22,500
May 1 To Balance 22,500
b/d

10. Discount Received Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 670 Apr By 270
30 c/d 15 Purchases
A/c
(Rakesh)
Apr By Rajesh 400
20 A/c
Total 670 Total 670
May 1 To Balance 670
b/d

11. Drawings Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Cash 500 Apr By Balance 500
25 A/c 30 c/d
Total 500 Total 500
May To Balance 500
1 b/d

12. Commission Received Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 2,000 Apr By Cash 2,000
30 c/d 30 A/c
Total 2,000 Total 2,000
May To Balance 2,000
1 b/d

Q6. Pass journal entries and prepare Naveen's account in the ledger:
2023 Particulars ₹
June 1 Goods purchased from Naveen on credit at 10% trade discount 18,000
June 5 Returned goods to Naveen 750
June 10 Purchased goods on cash from Naveen 3,000
June 12 Paid to Naveen by cheque 1,075
Discount received 25
 June 18 Purchased goods from Naveen 7,000
June 21 Paid to Mohan on behalf of Naveen 5,000
June 25 Amount deposited directly in Naveen's bank account 3,500

Sol.
Journal Entries
Date Particulars L.F Debit Credit
2023
June 1 Purchases A/c Dr. 16,200
To Naveen A/c 16,200
(Being goods purchased from Naveen on credit at
10% trade discount)
(18,000 - 10% of 18,000 = 16,200)
June 5 Naveen A/c Dr. 750
To Purchases Return A/c 750
(Being goods returned to Naveen)
June 10 Purchases A/c Dr. 3,000
To Cash A/c 3,000
(Being goods purchased on cash from Naveen)
June 12 Naveen A/c Dr. 1,100
To Bank A/c 1,075
To Discount Received A/c 25
(Being cash paid to Naveen by cheque and discount
received)
June 18 Purchases A/c Dr. 7,000
To Naveen A/c 7,000
(Being goods purchased from Naveen)
June 21 Mohan Dr. 5,000
To Cash/Bank A/c 5,000
(Being amount paid to Mohan on behalf of Naveen)
June 25 Naveen Dr. 3,500
To Bank A/c 3,500
(Being amount deposited directly in Naveen's bank
account)

Naveen's Account in the Ledger

Dr. Naveen's Account Cr.
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
June To Purchases 750 June By 16,200
5 Return A/c 1 Purchases
A/c
June To Bank A/c 1,075 June By 7,000
12 18 Purchases
A/c
 June To Discount 25
12 Received A/c
June To 5,000
21 Cash/Bank
A/c (Mohan)
June To Bank A/c 3,500
25
June To Balance 12,850
30 c/d
23,150 23,150

Q7. Pass journal entries in the books of Sonal and prepare Jai's Account in the ledger:
2023 Particulars ₹
March 1 Goods sold to Jai on credit 50,000
March 2 Jai returned goods 11,000
March 4 Cash received from Jai 9,800
Discount allowed 200
March 6 Goods sold to Jai for cash 15,000
March 9 Rent paid on behalf of Jai 9,000
March 15 Jai deposited directly in Sonal's business bank account 16,000

Sol.
Journal Entries in the books of Sonal
Date Particulars L.F Debit Credit
2023
Mar 1 Jai's Account Dr. 50,000
To Sales Account 50,000
(Being goods sold to Jai on credit)
Mar 2 Sales Return Account Dr. 11,000
To Jai's Account 11,000
(Being goods returned by Jai)
Mar 4 Cash Account Dr. 9,800
Discount Allowed Account Dr. 200
To Jai's Account 10,000
(Being cash received and discount allowed)
Mar 6 Cash Account Dr. 15,000
To Sales Account 15,000
(Being goods sold to Jai for cash)
Mar 9 Jai's Account Dr. 9,000
To Cash/Bank Account 9,000
(Being rent paid on behalf of Jai)
Mar 15 Bank Account Dr. 16,000
To Jai's Account 16,000
(Being cash deposited directly by Jai)
 Jai's Account in the Ledger
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Mar To Sales 50,000 Mar By Sales 11,000
1 Account 2 Return A/c

Mar To Cash/Bank 9,000 Mar By Cash A/c 9,800

9 A/c 4

Mar By Discount 200

4 A/c
Mar By Bank A/c 16,000
15
Mar By Balance 22,000
31 c/d

Total 59,000 Total 59,000

Apr 1 To Balance 22,000
b/d

Q8. On 1st April, 2023, following were Ledger balances of M/s. Ram Lal & Co .:
Cash in Hand ₹ 300; Cash at Bank ₹ 7,000; Bills Payable ₹ 1,000; Zahir (Dr.) ₹ 800; Stock ₹ 4,000; Gobind
(Cr.) ₹ 2,000; Sharma (Dr.) ₹ 1,500; Ram (Cr.) ₹ 900; Capital ₹ 9,700. Transactions during the month were:
2023 Particulars ₹ 2023 Particulars ₹
April 2 Bought goods of Gobind 900 April 18 Received from Sharma by cheque 2,000
April 3 Sold goods to Sharma 1,200 Allowed him discount 50
April 5 Bought goods of Ram 500 April 20 Sold goods to Sharma 800
April 8 Sold goods to Zahir 1,500 April 20 Paid rent by cheque 150
April 15 Paid Gobind by cheque 2,900 April 25 Sold goods to Zahir 1,000
April 30 Paid salaries in cash 300
Post the above transactions to the Ledger.

Sol.
Ledger accounts:
1. Cash in Hand Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance c/d 300 Apr 30 By Salaries A/c 300

Total 300 Total 300

2. Cash at Bank Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
 (₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 7,000 Apr 15 By Gobind's A/c 2,900
Apr 18 To Sharma's A/c 2,000 Apr 20 By Rent A/c 150
Apr 30 By Balance c/d 5,950
Total 9,000 Total 9,000

3. Bills Payable Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Balance c/d 1,000 Apr 1 By Balance b/d 1,000
Total 1,000 Total 1,000

4. Zahir's Account (Debtor)

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 800 Apr 30 By Balance c/d 3,300
Apr 8 To Sales A/c 1,500
Apr 25 To Sales A/c 1,000
Total 3,300 Total 3,300

5. Stock Account (Assuming Stock account represents the initial value of goods. Purchases and Sales usually go to
separate accounts unless a perpetual inventory system is implied, which is not the case here given the opening
balance and separate purchase/sale transactions.)
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 4,000 Apr 30 By Balance c/d 4,000
Total 4,000 Total 4,000

6. Gobind's Account (Creditor)

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 15 To Bank A/c 2,900 Apr 1 By Balance b/d 2,000
Apr 30 To Balance c/d 0 Apr 2 By Purchases A/c 900
Total 2,900 Total 2,900
7. Sharma's Account (Debtor)
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 1,500 Apr 18 By Bank A/c 2,000
Apr 3 To Sales A/c 1,200 Apr 18 By Discount 50
Allowed A/c
Apr 20 To Sales A/c 800 Apr 30 By Balance c/d 1,450
Total 3,500 Total 3,500

8. Ram's Account (Creditor)

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount

(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Balance c/d 1,400 Apr 1 By Balance b/d 900
Apr 5 By Purchases A/c 500
Total 1,400 Total 1,400

9. Capital Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount

(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Balance c/d 9,700 Apr 1 By Balance b/d 9,700
Total 9,700 Total 9,700

10. Purchases Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount

(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 2 To Gobind's A/c 900 Apr 30 By Trading A/c 1,400
(Transfer)
Apr 5 To Ram's A/c 500
Total 1,400 Total 1,400

11. Sales Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Trading A/c 3,500 Apr 3 By Sharma's A/c 1,200
(Transfer)
Apr 8 By Zahir's A/c 1,500
Apr 20 By Sharma's A/c 800
Apr 25 By Zahir's A/c 1,000
Total 3,500 Total 3,500
 12. Discount Allowed Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount

(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 18 To Sharma's A/c 50 Apr 30 By P&L A/c 50
(Transfer)
Total 50 Total 50

13. Rent Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 20 To Bank A/c 150 Apr 30 By P&L A/c 150
(Transfer)
Total 150 Total 150

14. Salaries Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount

(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Cash A/c 300 Apr 30 By P&L A/c 300
(Transfer)
Total 300 Total 300

Q9. Prepare Mohan's account from the following details:

2023 Particulars ₹
June 1 Goods sold to Mohan 10,000
June 15 Goods returned by Mohan 900
June 18 Goods sold for cash to Mohan 2,000
June 20 Cash received from Mohan 1,580
Discount allowed to him 20
June 25 Goods sold to Mohan at 10% trade discount (Gross value) 3,000
June 28 Paid salary of the manager to Mohan on his behalf 2,500
June 30 Cheque received from Mohan 4,000

Sol.
Mohan's Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
June 1 To Sales Account 10,000 June 15 By Sales Return 900
Account
June 25 To Sales Account (Net 2,700 June 20 By Cash Account 1,580
of Trade Discount)
June 28 To Cash/Bank Account 2,500 June 20 By Discount 20
Allowed A/c
 June 30 By Bank Account 4,000
June 30 By Balance c/d 8,700
Total 15,200 Total 15,200

Q10. Journalize the following transaction in the books of Sajan and post them into the ledger:
2023 Particulars ₹
April 1 Cash in hand 6,000
Cash at bank 55,000
Stock of goods 40,000
Due to Rohan 6,000
Due from Tarun 10,000
April 2 Sold goods to Karuna 15,000
April 4 Cash sales 10,000
April 5 Goods sold to Heena 5,000
April 8 Purchased goods from Rupali 30,000
April 10 Goods returned from Karuna 2,000
April 12 Cash received from Karuna 13,000
April 14 Cheque given to Rohan 6,000
April 15 Cash received from Heena 3,000
April 18 Cheque received from Tarun 10,000
April 19 Cheque received from Heena 2,000
April 20 Cash given to Rupali 18,000
April 21 Paid cartage 1,000
April 22 Paid salary 8,000
April 24 Cash sale 7,000
April 25 Cheque given to Rupali 12,000
April 28 Sajan took goods for Personal use 4,000
April 30 Paid General expense 500

Sol.
Journal Entries in the books of Sajan
Date Particulars L.F. Debit Credit
(₹) (₹)
2023
April 1 Cash in Hand A/c Dr. 6,000
Cash at Bank A/c Dr. 55,000
Stock of Goods A/c Dr. 40,000
Tarun's A/c Dr. 10,000
To Rohan's A/c 6,000
To Capital A/c 105,000
(Being opening balances brought forward and
capital introduced)
(Calculation of Capital: (Cash in Hand + Cash at
Bank + Stock + Due from Tarun) - Due to Rohan =
(6,000 + 55,000 + 40,000 + 10,000) - 6,000 =
111,000 - 6,000 = 105,000)
April 2 Karuna's A/c Dr. 15,000
 To Sales A/c 15,000
(Being goods sold to Karuna on credit)
April 4 Cash A/c Dr. 10,000
To Sales A/c 10,000
(Being cash sales made)
April 5 Heena's A/c Dr. 5,000
To Sales A/c 5,000
(Being goods sold to Heena on credit)
April 8 Purchases A/c Dr. 30,000
To Rupali's A/c 30,000
(Being goods purchased from Rupali on credit)
April 10 Sales Return A/c Dr. 2,000
To Karuna's A/c 2,000
(Being goods returned by Karuna)
April 12 Cash A/c Dr. 13,000
To Karuna's A/c 13,000
(Being cash received from Karuna)
April 14 Rohan's A/c Dr. 6,000
To Bank A/c 6,000
(Being cheque given to Rohan)
April 15 Cash A/c Dr. 3,000
To Heena's A/c 3,000
(Being cash received from Heena)
April 18 Bank A/c Dr. 10,000
To Tarun's A/c 10,000
(Being cheque received from Tarun)
April 19 Bank A/c Dr. 2,000
To Heena's A/c 2,000
(Being cheque received from Heena)
April 20 Rupali's A/c Dr. 18,000
To Cash A/c 18,000
(Being cash given to Rupali)
April 21 Cartage A/c Dr. 1,000
To Cash A/c 1,000
(Being cartage paid)
April 22 Salary A/c Dr. 8,000
To Bank A/c 8,000
(Being salary paid by cheque)
April 24 Cash A/c Dr. 7,000
To Sales A/c 7,000
(Being cash sales made)
April 25 Rupali's A/c Dr. 12,000
 To Bank A/c 12,000
(Being cheque given to Rupali)
April 28 Drawings A/c Dr. 4,000
To Purchases A/c 4,000
(Being goods taken by Sajan for personal use)
April 30 General Expenses A/c Dr. 500
To Cash A/c 500
(Being general expenses paid)

Ledger Accounts
1. Cash in Hand Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 6,000 Apr 20 By Rupali's A/c 18,000
Apr 4 To Sales A/c 10,000 Apr 21 By Cartage A/c 1,000
Apr 12 To Karuna's A/c 13,000 Apr 30 By General Exp. A/c 500
Apr 15 To Heena's A/c 3,000 Apr 30 By Balance c/d 12,500
Apr 24 To Sales A/c 7,000
Total 39,000 Total 39,000

2. Cash at Bank Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 55,000 Apr 14 By Rohan's A/c 6,000
Apr 18 To Tarun's A/c 10,000 Apr 22 By Salary A/c 8,000
Apr 19 To Heena's A/c 2,000 Apr 25 By Rupali's A/c 12,000
Apr 30 By Balance c/d 41,000
Total 67,000 Total 67,000

3. Stock of Goods Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 40,000 Apr 30 By Balance c/d 40,000
Total 40,000 Total 40,000

4. Rohan's Account (Creditor)

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 14 To Bank A/c 6,000 Apr 1 By Balance b/d 6,000
Total 6,000 Total 6,000
5. Tarun's Account (Debtor)
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 10,000 Apr 18 By Bank A/c 10,000
Total 10,000 Total 10,000

6. Capital Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Balance c/d 105,000 Apr 1 By Balance b/d 105,000
Total 105,000 Total 105,000

7. Karuna's Account (Debtor)

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 2 To Sales A/c 15,000 Apr 10 By Sales Return A/c 2,000
Apr 12 By Cash A/c 13,000
Total 15,000 Total 15,000

8. Sales Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Trading A/c 37,000 Apr 2 By Karuna's A/c 15,000
(Transfer)
Apr 4 By Cash A/c 10,000
Apr 5 By Heena's A/c 5,000
Apr 24 By Cash A/c 7,000
Total 37,000 Total 37,000

9. Heena's Account (Debtor)

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 5 To Sales A/c 5,000 Apr 15 By Cash A/c 3,000
Apr 19 By Bank A/c 2,000
Total 5,000 Total 5,000

10. Purchases Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 8 To Rupali's A/c 30,000 Apr 28 By Drawings A/c 4,000
Apr 30 By Trading A/c 26,000
(Transfer)
Total 30,000 Total 30,000
11. Rupali's Account (Creditor)
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 20 To Cash A/c 18,000 Apr 8 By Purchases A/c 30,000
Apr 25 To Bank A/c 12,000
Total 30,000 Total 30,000

12. Sales Return Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 10 To Karuna's A/c 2,000 Apr 30 By Trading A/c 2,000
(Transfer)
Total 2,000 Total 2,000

13. Cartage Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 21 To Cash A/c 1,000 Apr 30 By P&L A/c 1,000
(Transfer)
Total 1,000 Total 1,000

14. Salary Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 22 To Bank A/c 8,000 Apr 30 By P&L A/c 8,000
(Transfer)
Total 8,000 Total 8,000

15. Drawings Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 28 To Purchases A/c 4,000 Apr 30 By Capital A/c 4,000
(Transfer)
Total 4,000 Total 4,000

16. General Expenses Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 30 To Cash A/c 500 Apr 30 By P&L A/c 500
(Transfer)
Total 500 Total 500
Q11. Pass journal entries and prepare Furniture Account
2023 Particulars ₹
Jan 1 Furniture purchased for cash 20,000
Jan 8 Furniture sold for cash 2,000
Jan 10 Further furniture purchased 8,000
Jan 12 Bought Equipment for cash 1,000
Jan 19 Furniture withdrawn for domestic use 2,500
Jan 25 Furniture bought for personal use 3,000
Jan 30 Depreciation on furniture 500

Sol.
Furniture Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Jan 1 To Cash 20,000 Jan 8 By Cash 2,000
Jan 10 To Cash 8,000 Jan 19 By Drawings 2,500
Jan 30 By Depreciation 500
Jan 31 By Balance c/d 23,000
Total 28,000 Total 28,000
Feb 1 To Balance b/d 23,000

Q12. Pass journal entries and prepare Machinery Account:

2023 Particulars ₹
March 1 Purchased machinery for cash 35,000
Installation charges paid 2,500
March 7 Purchased machinery on credit from Tina 52,000
Installation charges paid by cheque 1,000
March 12 Machinery of the book value of ₹ 12,000 sold for ₹ 15,000.
March 16 Machinery of the book value of ₹ 20,000 sold for ₹ 17,500.
March 23 Machinery withdrawn for personal use 7,000
March 31 Depreciate machinery 4,000

Sol.
Journal Entries
Date Particulars L.F. Debit Credit
(₹) (₹)
2023
March 1 Machinery A/c 37,500
To Cash A/c 37,500
(Being machinery purchased for cash including
installation charges)
March 7 Machinery A/c 53,000
To Tina's A/c 52,000
To Bank A/c 1,000
(Being machinery purchased on credit from Tina
and installation charges paid by cheque)
 March Bank A/c 15,000
12
To Machinery A/c 12,000
To Profit on Sale of Machinery A/c 3,000
(Being machinery of book value ₹12,000 sold for
₹15,000)
March Bank A/c 17,500
16
Loss on Sale of Machinery A/c 2,500
To Machinery A/c 20,000
(Being machinery of book value ₹20,000 sold for
₹17,500)
March Drawings A/c 7,000
23
To Machinery A/c 7,000
(Being machinery withdrawn for personal use)
March Depreciation A/c 4,000
31
To Machinery A/c 4,000
(Being depreciate machinery)

Machinery Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
March 1 To Cash 37,500 March 12 By Machinery 12,000
March 7 To Tina's A/c 52,000 March 12 By Profit on Sale of 3,000
Machinery
March 7 To Bank 1,000 March 16 By Machinery 20,000
March 16 By Bank 17,500
March 16 By Loss on Sale of 2,500
Machinery
March 23 By Drawings 7,000
March 31 By Depreciation 4,000
March 31 By Balance c/d 41,500
Total 90,500 Total 90,500
April 1 To Balance b/d 41,500

Q13. Give journal entries of M/s Mohit traders; Post them to the Ledger from the following transactions:
March' 23 Particulars ₹
1 Commenced business with cash 1,10,000
2 Opened bank account with H.D.F.C. Bank 50,000
3 Purchased furniture 20,000
4 Bought goods for cash from M/s Rupa Traders 30,000
5 Purchased good from M/s Hema Traders 42,000
6 Sold goods for cash 30,000
 7 Sold goods on credit to M/s. Gupta Traders 12,000
8 Rent paid 4,000
9 Paid trade expenses 1,000
10 Received cash from Gupta Traders 12,000
11 Goods return to Hema Traders 2,000
12 Cash paid to Hema Traders 40,000
13 Bought postage stamps 100
14 Paid salary to Rishabh 4,000

Sol.
Journal Entries of M/s Mohit Traders
Date Particulars L.F. Debit Credit
(₹) (₹)
March
2023
1 Cash A/c 1,10,000
To Capital A/c 1,10,000
(Being business commenced with cash)
2 Bank A/c (H.D.F.C. Bank) 50,000
To Cash A/c 50,000
(Being bank account opened)
3 Furniture A/c 20,000
To Cash A/c 20,000
(Being furniture purchased)
4 Purchases A/c 30,000
To Cash A/c 30,000
(Being goods bought for cash from M/s Rupa
Traders)
5 Purchases A/c 42,000
To Hema Traders A/c 42,000
(Being goods purchased on credit from M/s Hema
Traders)
6 Cash A/c 30,000
To Sales A/c 30,000
(Being goods sold for cash)
7 M/s Gupta Traders A/c 12,000
To Sales A/c 12,000
(Being goods sold on credit to M/s Gupta Traders)
8 Rent A/c 4,000
To Cash A/c 4,000
(Being rent paid)
 9 Trade Expenses A/c 1,000
To Cash A/c 1,000
(Being trade expenses paid)
10 Cash A/c 12,000
To M/s Gupta Traders A/c 12,000
(Being cash received from Gupta Traders)
11 Hema Traders A/c 2,000
To Purchases Return A/c 2,000
(Being goods returned to Hema Traders)
12 Hema Traders A/c 40,000
To Cash A/c 40,000
(Being cash paid to Hema Traders)
13 Postage & Stamps A/c 100
To Cash A/c 100
(Being postage stamps bought)
14 Salary A/c 4,000
To Cash A/c 4,000
(Being salary paid to Rishabh)

Ledger Accounts
1. Cash Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 1 To Capital A/c 1,10,000 Mar 2 By Bank A/c 50,000
Mar 6 To Sales A/c 30,000 Mar 3 By Furniture A/c 20,000
Mar 10 To M/s Gupta Traders 12,000 Mar 4 By Purchases A/c 30,000
A/c
Mar 8 By Rent A/c 4,000
Mar 9 By Trade Expenses 1,000
A/c
Mar 12 By Hema Traders 40,000
A/c
Mar 13 By Postage & 100
Stamps A/c
Mar 14 By Salary A/c 4,000
By Balance c/d 2,900
Total 1,52,000 Total 1,52,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 2,900

2. Capital Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 31 To Balance c/d 1,10,000 Mar 1 By Cash A/c 1,10,000
Total 1,10,000 Total 1,10,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 1,10,000
3. Bank Account (H.D.F.C. Bank)
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 2 To Cash A/c 50,000 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 50,000
Total 50,000 Total 50,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 50,000

4. Furniture Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 3 To Cash A/c 20,000 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 20,000
Total 20,000 Total 20,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 20,000

5. Purchases Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 4 To Cash A/c 30,000 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 72,000
Mar 5 To Hema Traders A/c 42,000
Total 72,000 Total 72,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 72,000

6. Hema Traders Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 11 To Purchases Return 2,000 Mar 5 By Purchases A/c 42,000
A/c
Mar 12 To Cash A/c 40,000
To Balance c/d 0
Total 42,000 Total 42,000
Apr 1 By Balance b/d 0
(Note: The balance of Hema Traders A/c is 0, meaning the liability for the goods purchased has been settled after the
return and cash payment.)

7. Sales Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 31 To Balance c/d 42,000 Mar 6 By Cash A/c 30,000
Mar 7 By M/s Gupta 12,000
Traders A/c
Total 42,000 Total 42,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 42,000

8. M/s Gupta Traders Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 7 To Sales A/c 12,000 Mar 10 By Cash A/c 12,000
Mar 31 By Balance c/d 0
Total 12,000 Total 12,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 0
(Note: The balance of M/s Gupta Traders A/c is 0, meaning the amount due has been received.)
 9. Rent Account
Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 8 To Cash A/c 4,000 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 4,000
Total 4,000 Total 4,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 4,000

10. Trade Expenses Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 9 To Cash A/c 1,000 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 1,000
Total 1,000 Total 1,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 1,000

11. Purchases Return Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 31 To Balance c/d 2,000 Mar 11 By Hema Traders 2,000
A/c
Total 2,000 Total 2,000
Apr 1 By Balance b/d 2,000

12. Postage & Stamps Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 13 To Cash A/c 100 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 100
Total 100 Total 100
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 100

13. Salary Account

Date Particulars J.F. Amount Date Particulars J.F. Amount
(₹) (₹)
Mar 14 To Cash A/c 4,000 Mar 31 By Balance c/d 4,000
Total 4,000 Total 4,000
Apr 1 To Balance b/d 4,000

Q14. On 1st April, 2023, the following were Ledger balances of M/s. Ram & Co., Delhi:
Cash in Hand ₹ 300; Cash at Bank ₹ 7,000; Bills Payable ₹ 1,000; Zahir (Dr.) ₹ 800; Stock ₹ 4,000; Gobind (Cr.)
₹ 2,000; Sharma (Dr.) ₹ 1,500; Rahul (Cr.) ₹ 900; Capital ₹ 9,700. Transactions during the month of April, 2023
were:
2023 Particulars ₹
April 2 Bought goods from Gobind, Delhi 900
April 3 Sold goods to Sharma, Kanpur 1,000
April 5 Bought goods from Rahul, Delhi 1,200
April 8 Sold goods to Zahir, Kolkata 500
April 15 Paid Gobind by cheque* 1,500
April 18 Received from Sharma a cheque of 2,000
 Allowed him discount* 50
April 20 Sold goods to Sharma, Kanpur 800
April 20 Paid rent by cheque 200
April 25 Sold goods to Zahir, Kolkata 1,000
April 30 Paid salaries in cash* 300
Inter-state transactions are subject to levy of IGST @ 12% and Intra-state transactions are subject to levy of CGST
and SGST @ 6% each. GST is not levied on transactions marked with (*). Post the above transactions to the Ledger.
(Ans: Trial Balance Total: ₹ 18,148)

Sol.
1. Opening Journal Entry (April 1, 2023)
Date Particulars L.F Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
April 1 Cash A/c 300
Cash at Bank A/c 7,000
Zahir A/c 800
Stock A/c 4,000
Sharma A/c 1,500
To Bills Payable A/c 1,000
To Gobind A/c 2,000
To Rahul A/c 900
To Capital A/c 9,700
(Being opening balances brought forward)

2. Journal Entries for April 2023 Transactions

Date Particulars L.F Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
April 2 Purchases A/c 900
Input CGST A/c 54
Input SGST A/c 54
To Gobind A/c 1,008
(Being goods bought from Gobind, Delhi, with
GST)
April 3 Sharma A/c 1,120
To Sales A/c 1,000
To Output IGST A/c
(Being goods sold to Sharma, Kanpur, with
GST)
April 5 Purchases A/c 1,200
Input CGST A/c 72
Input SGST A/c 72
 To Rahul A/c 1,344
(Being goods bought from Rahul, Delhi, with
GST)
April 8 Zahir A/c 560
To Sales A/c 500
To Output IGST A/c 60
(Being goods sold to Zahir, Kolkata, with GST)
April 15 Gobind A/c 1,500
To Cash at Bank A/c 1,500
(Being paid Gobind by cheque)
April 18 Cash at Bank A/c 2,000
Discount Allowed A/c 50
To Sharma A/c 2,050
(Being cash received from Sharma and discount
allowed)
April 20 Sharma A/c 896
To Sales A/c 800
To Output IGST A/c 96
(Being goods sold to Sharma, Kanpur, with
GST)
April 20 Rent A/c 200
Input CGST A/c 12
Input SGST A/c 12
To Cash at Bank A/c 224
(Being rent paid by cheque with GST)
April 25 Zahir A/c 1,120
To Sales A/c 1,000
To Output IGST A/c 120
(Being goods sold to Zahir, Kolkata, with GST)
April 30 Salaries A/c 300
To Cash A/c 300
(Being salaries paid in cash)

3. Ledger Accounts
1. Cash Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 1 To Balance 300 Apr By Salaries 300
b/d 30 A/c
Apr By Balance 0
 30 c/d
Total 300 Total 300
May 1 To Balance 0
b/d

2. Cash at Bank Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 1 To Balance 7,000 Apr By Gobind 1,500
b/d 15 A/c
Apr 18 To Sharma 2,000 Apr By Rent A/c 224
A/c 20
Apr By Balance 7,276
30 c/d
Total 9,000 Total 9,000
May 1 To Balance 7,276
b/d

3. Bills Payable Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr To Balance 1,000 Apr By Balance 1,000
30 c/d 1 b/d
Total 1,000 Total 1,000
May 1 To Balance 1,000
b/d

4. Zahir Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 1 To Balance 800 Apr By Balance 2,480
b/d 30 c/d
Apr 8 To Sales A/c 560
Apr 25 To Sales A/c 1,120
Total 2,480 Total 2,480
May 1 To Balance 2,480
b/d

5. Stock Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 1 To Balance 4,000 Apr By Balance 4,000
b/d 30 c/d
Total 4,000 Total 4,000
May 1 To Balance b/d 4,000
6. Gobind Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 15 To Bank A/c 1,500 Apr By Balance 900
1 b/d
Apr To Balance 408 Apr By 1,008
30 c/d 2 Purchases
A/c
Total 1,908 Total 1,908
May 1 To Balance 408
b/d

7. Sharma Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 1 To Balance 1,500 Apr By Bank A/c 2,000
b/d 18
Apr 3 To Sales A/c 1,120 Apr By Discount 50
18 Allowed A/c
Apr To Sales A/c 896 Apr By Balance 1,466
20 30 c/d
Total 3,516 Total 3,516
May 1 To Balance 1,466
b/d

8. Rahul Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr To Balance 2,244 Apr By Balance 900
30 c/d 1 b/d
Total 2,244 Apr By 1,344
5 Purchases
A/c
Total 2,244
May 1 To Balance 2,244
b/d

9. Capital Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr To Balance 9,700 Apr By Balance 9,700
30 c/d 1 b/d
Total 9,700 Total 9,700
May 1 To Balance b/d 9,700
10. Purchases Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 2 To Gobind 900 Apr By Balance 2,100
A/c 30 c/d
Apr 5 To Rahul A/c 1,200
Total 2,100 Total 2,100
May 1 To Balance 2,100
b/d

11. Input CGST Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 2 To Gobind 54 Apr By Balance 138
A/c 30 c/d
Apr 5 To Rahul A/c 72
Apr To Bank A/c 12
20
Total 138 Total 138
May 1 To Balance 138
b/d

12. Input SGST Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 2 To Gobind 54 Apr By Balance 138
A/c 30 c/d
Apr 5 To Rahul A/c 72
Apr To Bank A/c 12
20
Total 138 Total 138
May 1 To Balance 138
b/d

13. Sales Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr To Balance 3,300 Apr By Sharma 1,000
30 c/d 3 A/c
Apr By Zahir 500
8 A/c
 Apr By Sharma 800
20 A/c
Apr By Zahir 1,000
25 A/c
Total 3,300 Total 3,300
May 1 To Balance 3,300
b/d

14. Output IGST Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr To Balance 396 Apr By Sharma 120
30 c/d 3 A/c
Total 396 Apr By Zahir 60
8 A/c
May 1 To Balance 396 Apr By Sharma 96
b/d 20 A/c
Apr By Zahir 120
25 A/c
Total 396

15. Discount Allowed Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr 18 To Sharma 50 Apr By Balance 50
A/c 30 c/d
Total 50 Total 50
May 1 To Balance 50
b/d

16. Rent Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr To Bank A/c 200 Apr By Balance 200
20 30 c/d
Total 200 Total 200
May 1 To Balance 200
b/d
 17. Salaries Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
Apr To Cash A/c 300 Apr By Balance 300
30 30 c/d
Total 300 Total 300
May 1 To Balance 300
b/d

4. Trial Balance as on April 30, 2023

Account Head Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
Cash 0
Cash at Bank 7,276
Bills Payable 1,000
Zahir 2,480
Stock 4,000
Gobind 408
Sharma 1,466
Rahul 2,244
Capital 9,700
Purchases 2,100
Input CGST 138
Input SGST 138
Sales 3,300
Output IGST 396
Discount Allowed 50
Rent 200
Salaries 300
Total 18,148 18,148

Q15. Following balances appeared in the books of Ashok, Delhi on 1st April, 2023: Assets: Cash ₹ 50,000; Stock ₹
30,000; Debtors-Ram ₹ 50,000; Machinery ₹ 60,000. Liabilities: Creditors-Rajesh ₹ 30,000.
The following transactions took place in April, 2023:
2023 Particulars ₹
April 4 Sold goods for cash 7,000
April 6 Goods returned by Ram, Delhi 1,000
April 10 Purchased goods from Rajesh, Jaipur (Rajasthan) of list price ₹ 10,000 for 9,000
April 15 Bought goods at list price of ₹ 15,000 from Rakesh, Kolkata less 10% trade
discount and 5% cash discount and paid 40% price immediately
April 20 Paid to Rajesh in full settlement of his account* 38,600
April 25 Paid for the life insurance premium of the proprietor* 500
April 30 Received for commission 2,000
 CGST and SGST @ 6% each is levied on intra-state transactions and IGST is levied @ 12% on inter-state
transactions. Transactions marked (*) are not subject to levy of GST.
Pass Journal entries for the above transactions, post them into the Ledger and prepare the Trial Balance on 30th April,
2023.
(Ans: Trial Balance Total: ₹ 1,80,574)

Sol.
Journal Entries in the books of Sonal
Date Particulars L.F Debit (₹) Credit (₹)
2023
April 1 Opening Entry:
Cash A/c 50,000
Stock A/c 30,000
Debtors (Ram) A/c 50,000
Machinery A/c 60,000
To Creditors (Rajesh) A/c 30,000
To Capital A/c 1,60,000
(Being initial balances brought forward)
April 4 Cash A/c 7,000
To Sales A/c 7,000
(Being goods sold for cash)
April 6 Sales Return A/c 1,000
To Debtors (Ram) A/c 1,000
(Being goods returned by Ram)
April 10 Purchases A/c 9,000
To Creditors (Rajesh) A/c 9,000
(Being goods purchased from Rajesh)
April 15 Purchases A/c 13,500
Input CGST A/c 810
Input SGST A/c 810
To Cash A/c 5,670
To Discount Received A/c 270
To Creditors (Rakesh) A/c 9,180
(Being goods bought from Rakesh. The cash
paid amount of 5,670 is given. The discount
received is 270. The remaining balance is
credited to Rakesh.)
April 20 Creditors (Rajesh) A/c 38,600
To Cash A/c 38,600
(Being amount paid to Rajesh in full
settlement)
 April 25 Drawings A/c 500
To Cash A/c 500
(Being life insurance premium paid by
proprietor)
April 30 Cash A/c 2,000
To Commission Received A/c 2,000
(Being commission received)

Ledger Accounts
1. Cash Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance 50,000 Apr By Cash 5,670
b/d 15 (Purchases)
Apr 4 To Sales A/c 7,000 Apr By Creditors 38,600
20 (Rajesh)
Apr To 2,000 Apr By 500
30 Commission 25 Drawings
Rcvd A/c A/c
Apr By Balance 14,230
30 c/d
Total 59,000 Total 59,000
May To Balance 14,230
1 b/d

2. Stock Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance 30,000 Apr By Balance 30,000
b/d 30 c/d
Total 30,000 Total 30,000
May 1 To Balance 30,000
b/d

3. Debtors (Ram) Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance 50,000 Apr By Sales 1,000
b/d 6 Return A/c
 Apr By Balance 49,000
30 c/d
Total 50,000 Total 50,000
May 1 To Balance 49,000
b/d

4. Machinery Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 1 To Balance 60,000 Apr By Balance 60,000
b/d 30 c/d
Total 60,000 Total 60,000
May 1 To Balance 60,000
b/d

5. Creditors (Rajesh) Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Cash A/c 38,600 Apr By Balance 30,000
20 1 b/d
Apr By 9,000
10 Purchases
A/c
Apr To Balance 400
30 c/d
Total 39,000 Total 39,000
May 1 To Balance 400
b/d
Note: A discount received from Rajesh would be the difference between the outstanding balance (30,000 + 9,000
= 39,000) and the amount paid (38,600). So, Discount Received = 400. This account is balanced by the
discount received.

6. Capital Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 1,60,000 Apr By Balance 1,60,000
30 c/d 1 b/d
Total 1,60,000 Total 1,60,000
May 1 To Balance 1,60,000
b/d
7. Sales Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 7,000 Apr By Cash 7,000
30 c/d 4 A/c
Total 7,000 Total 7,000
May 1 To Balance 7,000
b/d

8. Sales Return Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 6 To Debtors 1,000 Apr By Balance 1,000
(Ram) A/c 30 c/d
Total 1,000 Total 1,000
May 1 To Balance
b/d

9. Purchases Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Creditors 9,000 Apr By Balance 22,500
10 (Rajesh) A/c 30 c/d
Apr To Cash A/c 13,500
15
Total 22,500 Total 22,500
May 1 To Balance 22,500
b/d

10. Input CGST Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 15 To Cash A/c 810 Apr By Balance 810
30 c/d
Total 810 Total 810
May 1 To Balance 810
b/d
11. Input SGST Account
Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 15 To Cash A/c 810 Apr By Balance 810
30 c/d
Total 810 Total 810
May 1 To Balance 810
b/d

12. Discount Received Account (from Rakesh)

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 270 Apr By 270
30 c/d 15 Purchases
A/c
Total 270 Total 270
May 1 To Balance 270
b/d

13. Creditors (Rakesh) Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 9,180 Apr By 9,180
30 c/d 15 Purchases
A/c
Total 9,180 Total 9,180
May 1 To Balance 9,180
b/d

14. Drawings Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr 25 To Cash A/c 500 Apr By Balance 500
30 c/d
Total 500 Total 500
May 1 To Balance 500
b/d

15. Commission Received Account

Amount Amount
Date Particulars J.F. Date Particulars J.F.
(₹) (₹)
2023 2023
Apr To Balance 2,000 Apr By Cash 2,000
30 c/d 30 A/c
Total 2,000 Total 2,000
May 1 To Balance 2,000
b/d
Trial Balance as on 30th April, 2023
S.No. Particulars L.F Debit Credit
1 Cash 14,230
2 Stock 30,000
3 Debtors (Ram) 49,000
4 Machinery 60,000
5 Creditors (Rajesh) 400
6 Capital 1,60,000
7 Sales 7,000
8 Sales Return 1,000
9 Purchases 22,500
10 Input CGST 810
11 Input SGST 810
12 Discount Received 270
13 Creditors (Rakesh) 9,180
14 Drawings 500
15 Commission Received 2,000
Total 1,78,850 1,78,850