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Philosophy

The document discusses fundamental philosophical questions regarding the nature of the universe, justice, knowledge, reason, and beauty. It highlights the contributions of various philosophers from ancient times, including Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Socrates, and Aristotle, each of whom explored different aspects of reality and ethics. Additionally, it includes an activity prompting reflection on personal experiences of happiness and dissatisfaction to gain insights into one's purpose.

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samcamarillo02
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2 views16 pages

Philosophy

The document discusses fundamental philosophical questions regarding the nature of the universe, justice, knowledge, reason, and beauty. It highlights the contributions of various philosophers from ancient times, including Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Socrates, and Aristotle, each of whom explored different aspects of reality and ethics. Additionally, it includes an activity prompting reflection on personal experiences of happiness and dissatisfaction to gain insights into one's purpose.

Uploaded by

samcamarillo02
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHILOSOPHY

PHILOSOPHY
- Certain basic problems: nature of the universe, the
standard of justice, the validity of knowledge, the correct
application of reason, and the criteria of beauty – domain
of philosophy from its beginnings to the present.
PHILOSOPHY
EMPTYING - a need in order to attain wisdom.
- Intellectual/spiritual/physical
PHILOSOPHY

Think about thinking. How do


you think about it?
Evaluate the way you think.
PHILOSOPHY
What is real? Are we able to perceive and understand reality
and everything in it?
How do we know what we know? Are the things that we know
are true?
What is the ultimate cause of all things? What is our purpose in
this world?
To what extent are our choices and actions considered “free”?
PHILOSOPHERS
Pythagoras (570 BCE to 495 BCE) – a mathematician
and scientist, who was credited with formulating the
Pythagorean theorem.
Heraclitus (535 BCE to 475 BCE) – he proposed that
everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan
which he called logos.
PHILOSOPHERS
Democritus (460 BCE to 370 BCE) – devoted to
himself the study of the causes of natural
phenomena. He was among the first to propose
that matter is composed of tiny particles called
atoms.
PHILOSOPHERS
Diogenes of Sinope (412 BCE to 323 BCE) – he
was a known advocate of living a simple and
virtuous life.
- One should not only talk of virtue but should
show it in words and actions
PHILOSOPHERS
Epicurus (341 BCE to 270 BCE) – believed that
philosophy could enable man to live a life of
happiness
PHILOSOPHERS
Socrates (470 BCE to 399 BCE) – considered as the foremost
philosopher of ancient times.
- He made great contributions on the field of ethics.
- He was credited with formulating the Socratic Method – a means of
examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the
learner examine and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the
topic.
PHILOSOPHERS
Plato (427 BCE to 347 BCE) - a student of
Socrates who wrote down his mentor’s teachings
and incorporated some of his own ideas into
them.
PHILOSOPHERS
- Plato’s lasting contribution to learning was his
founding of the Academy, an institution of higher
learning which was the first of its kind in the Western
World.
PHILOSOPHERS
Aristotle (384 BCE to 322 BCE) – he attended
the Academy, and was a prominent student of
Plato. He disagreed with Plato’s theory of forms
and took a different stance in interpreting reality.
ACTIVITY
Happiest Moments Worst Moments
Activities, people, locations, Activities, people, locations, and
and conditions involved in your conditions involved in your most
happiest times: dissatisfying times:

1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
ACTIVITY
What is your learning gained about your
purpose?
a. During your happiest times
b. During your most dissatisfying times
THANK YOU, lovers of WISDOM
☺

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