Mobile Application Development

Quiz – 2

Chapter 3 & 4

Complete the following:

1. Extended Markup Language (XML) and its variants that can describe semistructured information for
automation.„
2. Examples of Metadata and object models are the Document Object Model (DOM) and Resource
Definition Framework (RDF).

3. WML (Wireless Markup Language) is a variant of XML.

4. Gopher is a well-known interface for the Internet. Developed at the University of Minnesota.
5. Gopher provides a friendly face to tools such as FTP and Telnet, among others.
6. WAIS (Wide Area Information Servers) generates and allows you to search a huge range of databases
stored on the Internet based on search keys.
7. WAIS allows you to keep narrowing the search until you find exactly what you are looking for. It is
used in Web for full keyword searching.

8. IP, the lowest protocol in this Suite, can reside on a very wide variety of physical networks such as
Ethernets, FDDI based fiber optic LANs, dial-up lines,X.25-based packet switching networks, wireless
networks, or ISDN digital networks.

9. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is connection-based protocol

10. The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is connectionless protocol

11. SCTP was designed originally as the transport layer for telephone signaling over IP networks.
12. Core Network that provides the high speed short and long-haul capabilities to transfer information
between end points.
13. Access network that provides access from customer premise to the core Network.
14. Access network, also known as the "last mile" uses technologies such as DSL, Cable Modem, and
ISDN for broadband services.
15. User Services supports the voice, data, video, and image users.
16. Tunneling is used to forward IP datagrams from a home address to a care-of address.
17. Wireless gateway is the bridge between two distinct worlds: the Internet model and the wireless
phone/data network model.
18. The protocol adapters translate requests from the wireless network to the Web protocol stack.

19. The content encoders translate Web content into compact encoded formats to reduce the size and
number of packets traveling over the wireless data network.

20. WWW is a collection of middleware that operates on top of the Internet.

21. Content written in XML-defined markup languages can be automatically translated into content
suitable for either HTML or WML by using an XSL style sheet.

22. A DTD specifies a set of rules for the structure of the document.

23. The purpose of XSL is to provide a powerful, yet easy-to-use, style sheet syntax for expressing how
XML documents should be rendered.

24. UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration) to provide a directory of services on the
Internet.
25. WSDL (XML Web Services Description Language) to define XML Web Services in terms of the
formats and ordering of messages.
26. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) through which XML Web Service consumers can send and
receive messages (transfer) using XML.
27. SOAP provides an explicit serialization (HTTP + XML description) protocol used in service
exchanges.
28.middleware is business/industry unaware software that provides interconnectivity between remotely
located applications, databases and users.
29. Network transport services that are responsible for shuffling the messages over, in this case wireless,
networks.
30. transaction processing monitors (TP monitors), manage the execution of transactions (sequence of
statements that must be executed as a unit).
31.It converts contents and protocols for disparate parties to talk to each other is Gateway
32. WAP is a set of protocols to enable the presentation nd delivery of wireless information and telephony
services on mobile phones and other wireless devices.
33. WAP supports a lightweight protocol stack to minimize bandwidth requirements, guaranteeing that a
variety of wireless networks can run WAP applications.
34. The WAP protocol stack is similar to Internet protocols but is optimized for wireless information
pull and push.
35. WML documents are divided into a set of well-defined units of user interactions. One unit of
interaction is called a card.
36.WML works with a WAP microbrowser that resides in the handheld device and renders the WML
content.

37. The microbrowser interprets WML and WMLScript in the handset and renders it according to the
charatcteristics of the handset.
38. Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE), which provides core applications programming functionality.
39.„ Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) technology for writing server-side enterprise applications
40.„ Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) technology for writing applications that run on small handheld devices.
41. Wireless Java = J2ME + JavaCard + Personal Java + any other Java technologies developed
specifically for wireless devices.
42. BREW is intended to simplify application development on CDMA handsets (from QualComm)

Choose the correct

1. In wireless LANs, IP addresses assigned to the devices by using …………
a) DNS b) DHCP c) IP d) All is correct
2. Mobile node uses………… procedure to identify prospective home and foreign agents
a) Discovery b) Tunnelling c) Registration d) All is correct
3. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, is a node registers with network node on foreign network.
a) Home agent b) Foreign agent c) Care-of-address d) None is correct
4. is a TCP/IP application layer protocol designed for distributing, searching, and retrieving documents
over the Internet.
a) Gopher b) FTP c) Telnet d) None is correct
5. A …………………… for creating WAP applications and services.
a)WSP b)WTP c)WAE d)All is correct
6. Syware provides a database manager for …………….
a) Palm OS b)Symbian Platform c)Windows CE d)All is correct
7. ………… is the new address of mobile node in foreign NW
a) Mobile IP address b) IP address c)Care-of-address d)None is correct
8. ………… was developed so that mobile devices (PDAs, portable computers) could maintain Internet
connectivity while moving from one Internet attachment point to another.
a)Mobile IP b) IP c)Internet d) None is correct

True or false
1. Home addressis a permanent address for mobile node. (True)
2. Due to the device differences, no operating system dominates the market for handheld (…T…..)
devices at this stage.
3. The leading middleware platforms for delivering Internet content to mobile telephones
and other wireless devices – the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) and i-mode. (T)
4. The microbrowser is a very thin client, able to fit in a limited amount of memory in the
handheld device. (T)
5. A voice XML is a device that interprets voice markup languages to generate voice
output, interpret voice input. (F)
6. In voice browsers users can choose whether to respond by a key-press or a spoken
command. .(T)
7. Web servers provide the content for Web users. (T)
8. Registration used to forward IP datagrams from a home address to a care-of address (F)

Answer the following questions:

1.What are the operations of Mobile IP?

Mobile IP goal is to allow users to seamlessly roam from private networks (e.g. Ethernet, wireless LANs)
to public networks.
„ Mobile node is assigned to a particular network – home network
„ IP address on home network is static – home address
„ Mobile node can move to another network – foreign network
„ Mobile node registers with network node on foreign network – foreign agent
„ Mobile node gives care-of address to agent on home network – home agent

2. What are the capabilities of Mobile IP?

 Discovery – mobile node uses discovery procedure to identify prospective home and foreign
agents.
 Registration – mobile node uses an authenticated registration procedure to inform home agent of
its care-of address
 „ Tunneling – used to forward IP datagrams from a home address to a care-of address

3. List all the mobile IP encapsulation options.

 IP-within-IP – entire IP datagram becomes payload in new IP datagram. Original,
inner IP header basically is unchanged. Outer header is a full IP header.
 „ Minimal encapsulation – new header is inserted between original IP header and
original IP payload. Original IP header is modified to form new outer IP header.
 „ Generic routing encapsulation (GRE) – developed prior to development of Mobile IP

4. Write the functionalities of gateway.

 Protocol Adapters – the protocol adapters translate requests from the wireless
network to the Web protocol stack.
 „ Content Encoders and Decoders – the content encoders translate Web content
into compact encoded formats to reduce the size and number of packets traveling
over the wireless data network.

5. List the limitations of first generation web for mobile computing.

Desktop display-oriented.
Mobile computing users want to access and display Web information on Palm Pilots, cellular phones, and
other mobile devices.
The technology for Web gateways (CGI – Common Gateway Interface) does not
scale well .In addition, the original HTTP is stateless
6. What are the concepts & technology the WWW middleware is based on?
Basic WWW middleware is based on a few simple
concepts and technologies
– Web servers
– Web browsers
– Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
– Hypertext Transfer protocol (HTTP)
– Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
– Gateways to non-Web resources
7. Using a diagram show the overview of WWW.

8. Give an example of web.

9.What a web server do?

Web servers provide the content for Web users.
„ Web servers are populated by the content providers.
„ Conceptually: a Web server is a catalog of information

10.Define a web server.

A Web server is
„ Server software (e..g.,IIS, Apache)
„ A collection of HTML files
„ Gateways to non-HTML resources (CGI, Servelet,,)

11. What are the key players in web model?

12. What web services consist of?

Web Services consist of:
„ UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration
„ WSDL (XML Web Services Description Language)
„ SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
„ XML & HTTP

13. Write the difference between well formed an valid document.

DTDs are the foundation of well-formed and valid documents:
„ A Well-Formed Document:„ adheres to the syntactic rules defined by the XML standard
„ E.g. Tags are delimited by < and >„ A Valid Document:
„ A well-formed document that also adheres to the rules of a specified
Document Type Definition (DTD)
„
14. Define DTD.
Document Type Declarations (DTD) are an important part of XML.
Basically, a DTD specifies a set of rules for the structure of the document.

15.Write shortnote on XML.

XML is a markup language, similar to HTML, for documents
containing structured information. Example :
<CUSTOMER>
<NAME> Joe </NAME>
<ADDRESS> NY </ADDRESS>
</CUSTOMER>
„ Tags in the format <tag> that are terminated by </tag>).„ „ “Simpler” than SGML (subset of SGML)
„ Great deal of activity in Ecommerce

16. Why are Web services important for mobile computing?

  The main idea is that a wide range of services could be defined by using WSDL and then
advertised through a UDDI.
 „ Recognizing the role of mobility in Web Services, a new specification called Mobile Web
Services is being developed.
 „ These developments are leading to an integrated “service oriented” architecture where different
wireless/wired devices could seamlessly invoke different services around the globe

17. list out the local platform services for mobile devices.
Local platform services
Middleware services
Network transport services

18. give examples of mobile operating systems support PDAs and smart phones.
Mobile operating systems
- Palm OS
-Windows CE
- Symbian OS

19. with the help of diagram describe the conceptual view of mobile device hardware.

20. What are the common features of wireless middleware products are needed to support mobile
computing applications?
Connection and message delivery:
Middleware
Transformation:
Detection and storage:
Optimization
Security:
Operation support:
21. list out several issues that arise in supporting applications over cellular networks.
Examples of these issues are:
„ Network quality-of-service (QoS)
„ Cost of service
„ Location of users
„ Characteristics of end-systems
22. list the three broad categories the Applications in mobile computing fall into

„ Stand-alone applications run entirely on mobile computers in disconnect (detached) mode.

„ Simple C/S applications (e.g., DB query). the connection time for C/S interactions is short.

„ Advanced mobile applications (groupware and distributed multimedia) - information exchanged is

time critical (i.e., real time)

23.Define WAP.

WAP is a set of protocols to enable the presentation and delivery of wireless information and telephony

services on mobile phones and other wireless devices.

24.what are key elements of WAP programming model.

 A WAP programming model .The model is based heavily on the existing WWW programming
model; a WAP gateway translates between the Web server and the WAP clients.
 A Wireless Application Environment (WAE) for creating WAP applications and services.
 A protocol stack.

25. what WAP protocol stack consists of.

Wireless Session Protocol (WSP)

„ Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS)

„ Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP)

„ Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP)

„ Wireless network interface definitions

26. WML includes four major functional areas:

„ Deck/card organizational metaphor – all information in WML is organized into a collection of cards and
decks. A deck is the page of markup data that gets sent to the phone when it requests a given URL.

„ Inter-card navigation and linking – WML includes support for explicitly managing the navigation
between cards and decks.
„ Text presentation and layout – WML includes text and image support, including a variety of formatting
and layout commands.

„ String parameterization and state management – all WML decks can be parameterised, using a state
model.

27. define voice browser.

A voice browser is a device (hardware and software) that interprets voice markup languages to generate
voice output, interpret voice input, and possibly accept and produce other modalities of input and output.