Chapter 5
Implementation View
UML Diagrams
Behavioural View
Structural View - Sequence Diagram
- Class Diagram - Collaboration Diagram
- Object Diagram - State-chart Diagram
- Activity Diagram
User’s View
-Use Case
Diagram
Implementation View
- Component Diagram Environmental View
- Deployment Diagram
Diagrams and views in UML
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Component Diagram cont…
So far diagrams deals with conceptual entities.
– Class diagram represent a concept: an abstraction of item that
fit into this category.
– State diagram represent a concept: changes in the state of
object.
Component diagrams deals with separate types of entities:
a software component.
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Component Diagram cont…
It is an Implementation diagrams.
Describe the different elements required for implementing a
system
It is a Structure diagrams.
A type of diagram that depicts the elements of a specification
that are irrespective of time.
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Software Component
It is a modular part of a system.
– A component resides in a computer and not in the mind of the
analyst.
– A component provides interfaces to other components.
A component is an autonomous unit within a system.
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Component
The components can be used to define software systems of
arbitrary size and complexity
UML component diagrams enable to model the high-level
software components, and the interfaces to those components
Important for component-based development (CBD)
Component and subsystems can be flexibly REUSED and
REPLACED
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Component
A dependency exists between two elements if changes to the
definition of one element may cause changes to the other.
Component Diagrams are often referred to as “wiring diagrams”.
The wiring of components can be represented on diagrams by
means of components and dependencies between them.
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Types
Deployment components
Work product components
Execution components
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Component in UML 2.0
Modular unit with well-defined interfaces that is replaceable
within its environment
Autonomous unit within a system
Has one or more provided and required interfaces
Its internals are hidden and inaccessible
A component is encapsulated
Its dependencies are designed such that it can be treated as
independently as possible
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Case Study
Development of an application collecting students’ opinions
about courses
A student can
Read
Insert
Update
Make data permanent about the courses in its schedule
A professor can only see statistic elaboration of the data
The student application must be installed in pc client (sw1,
sw2)
The manager application must be installed in pc client (in the
manager’s office)
There is one or more servers with DataBase and components
for courses management
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Component notation
A component is a subtype of Class which provides for a Component
having attributes and operations
Being able to participate in Associations and Generalizations
A Component may form the abstraction for a set of realizing Classifiers
that realize its behavior
A Component may optionally have an internal structure and own a set
of Ports that formalize its interaction points
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Component elements
A component can have
Interfaces
An interface represents a declaration of a set of operations
and obligations
Usage dependencies
A usage dependency is relationship which one element
requires another element for its full implementation
Ports
Port represents an interaction point between a component
and its environment
Connectors
Connect two components
Connect the external contract of a component to the
internal structure
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Interface
An interface is a kind of classifier that represents a declaration
of a set of coherent public features and obligations
An interface specifies a contract; any instance of a classifier that
realizes the interface must fulfill that contract.
The obligations that may be associated with an interface are in
the form of various kinds of constraints (such as pre- and post-
conditions) or protocol specifications, which may impose
ordering restrictions on interactions through the interface
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Interface
A component defines its behaviour in terms of provided and
required interfaces
An interface
Is the definition of a collection of one or more operations
Provides only the operations but not the implementation
Implementation is normally provided by a class/ component
In complex systems, the physical implementation is provided by a
group of classes rather than a single class
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Types of Interfaces
Provided
Required
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Provided Interface
Characterize services that the component offers to its
environment
Is modeled using a ball, labelled with the name, attached by a
solid line to the component
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Component has provided Port (typed by
Interface)
Ports represent interaction points between a component and its
environment
The interfaces associated with a port specify the nature of the
interactions that may occur over a port.
The provided interfaces of a port characterize requests to the
component that its environment may make through this port.
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Required Interface
Characterize services that the component expects from its
environment
Is modeled using a socket, labelled with the name, attached by a
solid line to the component
In UML 1.x were modeled using a dashed arrow
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Component uses Interface
The required interfaces of a port characterize the requests
which may be made from the component to its environment
through this port.
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Interface
Where two components/classes provide and require the same
interface, these two notations may be combined.
The ball-and-socket notation hint at that interface in question
serves to mediate interactions between the two components
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Port
Specifies a distinct interaction point
Between that component and its environment
Between that component and its internal parts
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Port
Is shown as a small square symbol
Ports can be named, and the name is placed near the square
symbol
Is associated with the interfaces that specify the nature of the
interactions that may occur over a port
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Port
Ports can support unidirectional communication or bi-directional
communication
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Port
If there are multiple interfaces associated with a port, these
interfaces may be listed with the interface icon, separated by a
commas
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Port
All interactions of a component with its environment are achieved
through a port
The internals are fully isolated from the environment
This allows such a component to be used in any context that
satisfies the constraints specified by its ports
Ports are not defined in UML 1.x
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Assembly connector
An assembly connector is a connector between two components
that defines that one component provides the services that
another component requires.
An assembly connector is a connector that is defined from a
required interface or port to a provided interface or port
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Sample interfaces
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Example Component Diagram
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Component Diagram
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Common Stereotypes
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The example shows the internal
components of a larger component
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Component Diagram
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Thank you
Questions?
