UNIT 7 SUMMARY

A. THEORY:

I, Vocabulary:

1. Arson(n) /ˈaːsn/: the crime of setting fire to (a building etc) on purpose

2. burglary(n) (an act of) illegally entering a house etc to steal
3. kidnapping (n): to carry off (a person) by force, often demanding money in
exchange for his safe
4. pickpocketing (n) /ˈpɪkˌpɒk.ɪ.tɪŋ/: the crime of stealing things out of people's
pockets or bags, especially in a crowd
5. vandalism(n) /ˈvæn.dəl.ɪ.zəm/: the crime of intentionally damaging property
belonging to other people
6. juvenile(adj) /ˈdʒuː.vən.aɪl/relating to a young person who is not yet old enough
to be considered an adult
7. inadequate(adj) /ɪˈnæd.ɪ.kwət/: not good enough or too low in quality
8. defendant(n) /dɪˈfen.dənt/: a person in a law case who is accused of having
done something illegal
9. offender(n) /əˈfen.dər/: a person who is guilty of a crime
10. prosecution (n) /ˌprɒs.ɪˈkjuː.ʃən/ :the act of prosecuting someone
11. eligible(adj) /ˈel.ɪ.dʒə.bəl/: having the necessary qualities or satisfying the
necessary conditions
12. ineffective(adj): /ˌɪn.ɪˈfek.tɪv/: not producing the effects or results that are
wanted
13. jury(n) /ˈdʒʊə.ri/: a group of people who have been chosen to listen to all the
facts in a trial in a law court and to decide if a person is guilty or not guilty, or if a
claim has been proved
14. municipal(adj) /mjuːˈnɪs.ɪ.pəl/: of or belonging to a town or city
 15. guardian(n) /ˈɡɑː.di.ən/: a person who has the legal right and responsibility
of taking care of someone who cannot take care of himself or herself, such as a
child whose parents have died
16. misdemeanour(n) /ˌmɪs.dɪˈmiː.nər/: an action that is slightly bad or breaks a
rule but is not a crime
17. self-esteem(n) /ˌself.ɪˈstiːm/: belief and confidence in your own ability and
value
18. re-offend(v)/ˌriː.əˈfend/: (of someone who has previously committed a crime)
to commit another crime
19. clerk(n) /klɑːk/: a person who works in an office, dealing with records or
performing general office duties
20. dismiss(v) /dɪˈsmɪs/: to decide that something or someone is not important
and not worth considering
21. inquiry(n) /ɪnˈkwaɪə.ri/: (the process of asking) a question
II, Collocation + phrasal verb:

a, Collocation

1. Break the law:

-to do something that is illegal:
-Hành động trái với một luật hoặc quy định; phạm tội.
Example: He was arrested for breaking the law by driving under the influence.
2. Take (someone) to court:
-to take legal action against someone
-đưa ra một vụ kiện pháp lý chống lại ai đó
Example: The company was taken to court for breaking environmental laws.
3. Pay a fine
-to provide a specified amount of money as a penalty for breaking a rule, law, or
regulation
-Đóng tiền phạt, nộp phạt
Example: He had to pay a fine for parking illegally in a no-parking zone.
4. Commit a crime
- to do something illegal
- -thực hiện một hành động trái pháp luật, vi phạm các quy định của pháp luật hiện
hành
- Example: Anyone who commits a crime must face the consequences
5. Receive a sentence
-the act of being formally given a legal punishment by a judge in a court of law
after being convicted of a crime.
-Chịu án phạt
Example: She received a sentence of community service for the minor offense.
6. Try the case
-to conduct the trial of
-xét xử một vụ kiện
Example: The court decided to try the case in a higher jurisdiction due to its
complexity.
7. Reach a verdict
-an opinion or decision made after judging the facts that are given, especially one
made at the end of a trial
-đưa ra phán quyết cuối cùng
Example: The jury took five hours to reach a verdict of guilty
8. Plead guilty
-to admit responsibility; confess
-Nhận tội, thú nhận có tội
Example: He decided to plead guilty to the charges
9. Take (someone) hostage
-to capture and hold a person against their will, usually as a bargaining tool to
demand something in return
-bắt ai đó làm con tin
Example: The criminals took several people hostage during the bank robbery.
10.Make a statement
-to express something clearly or officially

-đưa ra một tuyên bố, phát biểu, hoặc tuyên ngôn

Example: The company made a statement about their new product launch

11.Set free
-to release someone or something from captivity, restraint, or restriction
 -giải phóng, thả tự do

Example: The prisoners were set free after serving their s entences.

12.Hold a hearing
-to conduct a formal meeting or session
-tổ chức một cuộc điều trần, buổi họp chính thức
Example: The court will hold a hearing to decide whether the defendant should be
granted bail.
13.Confess to the crime
-to admit that you have committed a particular illegal act
- Nhận tội
Example: The defendant refused to confess to the crime, despite the evidence.
14.Dismiss the case
- To officially reject or close a legal case in court.
- Bác bỏ vụ án, đình chỉ vụ kiện
Example: The judge decided to dismiss the case due to lack of evidence.
15.Stolen goods
-items that have been taken illegally or obtained through theft.
-Hàng hóa, đồ vật bị ăn cắp
Example: He was arrested for selling stolen goods
16.Main suspect:
-the person who is considered most likely to have committed a crime or
wrongdoing in an investigation.
-Nghi phạm chính
Example: She is the main suspect in the robbery case and is being questioned by
the detectives.
17.Plain clothes
- wearing ordinary clothes instead of a uniform.
- Thường phục
Example: There were police in plain clothes in the crowd.
18.Criminal acts
- an action or omission that is proscribed by law and may be punished by the state.
- Hành vi phạm tội
Example: He was sentenced to prison for committing criminal acts that harmed
innocent people.
19.Hardened criminal
 -a person who has committed numerous crimes and is unlikely to change their
behavior
-Tội phạm cứng đầu, lì lợm
Example: The police were dealing with a hardened criminal who had been in and
out of prison for years.
20.Armed robber/robbery
-the crime of stealing from somewhere or someone using weapons
-Cướp có vũ trang
Example: The police were able to catch the armed robber after a high-speed
chase.
21.Deadly weapons
-an object whose purpose is to cause death or that when used as an instrument of
offense is capable of causing death or sometimes serious bodily harm
-Vũ khí (gây) chết người
Example: The police discovered several deadly weapons, including guns and
knives, in the suspect's house.
22.Serious offence
- when someone breaks the law and does something really bad
-Tội phạm đặc biệt nguy hiểm, nghiêm trọng
Example: Murder is considered a serious offence and is punishable by a long
prison sentence.
23.Professional thief
-someone who makes a living by committing theft or stealing as a regular
occupation
-kẻ trộm cắp chuyên nghiệp
Example: The police were searching for the professional thief who had been
robbing high-end jewelry stores.
24.Security cameras
-a camera that records images in or outside a building or in a public place, in order
to prevent or help solve crime there:
-Máy quay an ninh
Example: City police announced they will be using software with security
cameras to scan faces in the crowd and compare them to criminal mugshots.
25.Innocent bystander
-a person who is close to or sees an event or situation, but is not responsible for it
or to blame for it
-Người qua đường/ chứng kiến vô tình, vô tội
 Example: Many innocent bystanders were injured by the explosion.
26.Organised crime
-criminal activities that are planned and controlled by powerful groups and carried
out on a large scale.
-Tội phạm có tổ chức
Example: The murders may have been linked to organized crime.
27.Juvenile crime
-crime committed by young people below a specific age (18 in most countries).
-Tội phạm vị thành niên
Example: the rate of serious juvenile crime has dropped
28.Victimless crime
-a type of illegal activity where there is no direct victim or harm to another person,
even though it is against the law.
Example: Many people believe that drug use should not be considered a victimless
crime, as it can harm society as a whole.
29.Burglar alarm
-an electronic device that emits a loud noise or other alert when someone attempts
to gain unauthorized entry to a building or other premises.
-Hệ thống báo động an ninh
Example: police say the thieves are taking advantage of the homes and businesses
that don't have burglar alarms
30.Private detective
-a person whose job is discovering information about people. A private detective is
not a government employee or a police officer:
-Thám tử tư
Example: She hired a private detective to find out if her husband was having an
affair

b, Phrasal verb:

1. Do away with: to murder someone or get rid of something or stop using

something
Example: Jack the Ripper, who did away with five women—all prostitutes—and
mutilated their corpses, is one of history's most notorious serial killers.

2. Get away with: not get caught for doing something wrong
 Example:’ I won’t let you get away with this.You’re a thief, and thieves have to be
punished.’

3. Put away: put somebody in prison

Example: After what he did, he deserves to be put….. for life.

4. Give yourself up: to allow the police or an enemy to take you as a prisoner
Example: When the police surrounded the criminal, he gave himself up

5. See through: to realize the truth about somebody/something

Example: I had an email pretending to be from my bank, but I saw through it
immediately

6. Own up: confess

Example: They fear losing face by owning up to what they have done.

III, Grammar:

1. Passive form:

- General structure:

Active: S+V+O

 Passive: O + to be + Vpp + (by S)

- Three steps to change active sentence to passive sentence:

+) Step 1: Identify the subject, verb, and object

+) Step 2: Move the object to the subject position (The object of the active
sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence.)

+) Step 3: Adjust the verb (Use the appropriate form of the verb "to be" along with
the past participle of the main verb)

a) Tenses:
Tense Active Passive
 Simple present S+V+O S + be + PP2 + (by O)
Present Continuous S + am/is/are + V-ing (+ S + am/is/are + being
O) + PP2 + (by O)
Present Perfect S + has/have + PP2 + O S + has/have + been +
PP2 + (by O)
Past Simple S + V-ed + O S + was/were + PP2 +
(by O)
Past Continuous S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being
+ PP2 + (by O)
Past Perfect S + had + PP2 + O S + had + been + PP2
+ (by O)
Future Simple S + will + V + O S + will + be + PP2 +
(by O)
Future Perfect S + will + have + PP2 + O S + will + have + been
+ PP2 + (by O)
Be going to S + am/is/are + going to + S + is/am/are + going
V+O to + be + PP2 + (by O)

b) Gerunds, infinitives, modal verbs

Tense Active Passive
Gerund V-ing Being PP2
Bare infinitive V-inf Be PP2
Full infinitive To V-inf To be PP2
Modal Can/ should/ may/ Can/ should/ may/
might/must… V-inf might/must… + be PP2
Note: We often use verbs like believe, consider, know, expect, say, suppose and
think in the passive voice. They can be used in an impersonal or a personal passive
structure.

+) Impersonal passive structure: It + passive verb + that + clause

+) Personal passive structure: Noun + passive verb + full infinitive

Ex: Many people say that cities are dangerous at night

 It is said that cities are dangerous at night.

 Cities are said to be dangerous at night.

 2, Causative form:

- We use the causative to say that we have arranged for someone to do something for
us or when referring to an unpleasant experience that happens to somebody(must
use ‘have’ in passive voice). It means that the subject caused the action to happen,
but didn't do it themselves.

a) Have: As a causative verb, we use have to say that someone does something for
us. We generally use this construction when we pay someone to perform a service.

Structure:

1) Active: HAVE + PERSON + VERB (base form) (When you want to say who
did the action)

Examples: - I had the veterinarian vaccinate my dog.

- I will have the electrician fix my lighting.

- I will have my mother repair my trousers.

2) Passive: HAVE + THING + PAST PARTICIPLE(+by someone). (you are

saying that it was not you who did the action, but someone else)

Examples: - I had my hair washed and trimmed. (past)

- Adrian will have his dog vaccinated. (future)

b) Get: Get is more informal than ‘have’, but it means the same thing. When you
get someone to do something, you persuade them to do something, the action being
performed in these sentences is done by someone else.

Structure: get + somebody + full infinitive and the passive form: get + object +
past participle

Examples: - I get my gutters cleaned every three months.

- Samantha gets her hair coloured twice a year.

- The dog gets its nails clipped regularly.

B. EXERCISE
1. Multiple choice

No. Question Answer Explanation

Passive voice
1. Hey, look! The mail … b) Passive voice
a) delivers form, indicating
b) is delivered that the action is
c) is delivering done to the mail.

2. This book … by Charles Dickens. a) Using the past

a) was written passive voice,
b) wrote meaning the
c) is written action of writing
the book was
completed by
Charles Dickens
in the past.
3. Winston Churchill … during the Boer c) Past passive form,
war. indicating that
a) captured Winston Churchill
b) is captured was taken during
c) was captured the war.

4. Cookies … from milk, eggs and flour. a) Present passive

a) are made voice, suggesting
b) makes a general truth or
c) made a common
process.
5. The Beatles … all over the world. c) Using the passive
a) are known voice in the
b) knew present tense,
c) are knew indicating that the
Beatles are widely
recognized by
people around the
world.
6. Everybody … about the accident c) This is in the
tomorrow. future passive
a) informs voice, indicating
b) will inform that the action of
 c) will be informed informing will be
done to everyone.
7. Greenpeace … in 1969. b) Past passive form,
a) was founded indicating that
b) founded someone
c) is founded established
Greenpeace in the
past (1969).
8. That opera … by Verdi in 1851. a) The past passive
a) composed voice, showing
b) composing that Verdi created
c) was composed the opera in 1851.

9. The door … 2 hours ago. c) Past passive form,

a) breaks indicating that the
b) was broke action of breaking
c) was broken the door happened
in the past (2
hours ago)
10. This sweater … of wool. c) Present passive
a) is make voice, indicating
b) is made that the sweater is
c) makes currently
produced using
wool.
11. Two giant panda have been … to b) "Sent" is the past
Edinburgh Zoo. participle of
a) send "send," which is
b) sent needed here to
c) sending form the present
perfect passive
voice.
12. They … burgled four times this year. c) Indicating the
a) are being action of being
b) to be burgled has
c) have been occurred multiple
times in the
present year.
13. Houses … up in preparation for the b) Past passive form,
hurricane. indicating that the
a) boarded action of boarding
b) were boarded up houses
c) had boarded happened in the
past.
14. You will … shown to your room now! a) "Be" is the correct
a) be form to complete
b) have the future passive
c) being construction
15. Was the window pane .... the children? b) indicating that the
a) broke window pane was
b) broken by damaged as a
c) broke for result of the
children’s actions.
16. I can answer the question. b) a) is incorrect
a) The question can be answerd by me. because of the
b) The question can be answered by me. word “answerd”
c) The question can answered by me. c) option is
incorrect because
it is missing "be."
17. She would carry the box. a) b) “She" is a
a) The box would be carried by her. subject pronoun,
b) The box would be carried by she. but in this context,
c) The box would carried by her. we need the object
pronoun "her"
c) option is
missing "be.
18. You should open the window. c) a) is incorrect
a) The window should be open by you. because "open" is
b) The window should opened by you. an adjective here,
c) The window should be opened by you. not a verb.
b) option is
grammatically
incorrect
19. He must fill in the form. c) a) is
a) The form must be fill in by him. incorrect because
b) The form must be filled in by he. "Fill" is in the
c) The form must be filled in by him. base form
b) "He" is the
 subject pronoun,
but in this case,
we need the object
pronoun "him"
20. He could not read the sentence. b) a) "His" is a
a) The sentence could not be read by his. possessive
b) The sentence could not be read by him. pronoun, which is
c) The sentence could not read by him. incorrect in this
context.
c) option is
incorrect because
it is missing "be."
21. Many US automobiles …………………… c) bị động của hiện
in Detroit, Michigan. tại đơn
a) manufacture
b) have manufactured
c) are manufactured
22. The boy…………………….by the teacher c) bị động của quá
yesterday. khứ đơn
a) punish
b) punished
c) was punished

23. References…………………….in the b) bị động hiện tại

examination room. đơn
a) not are used
b) are not used
c) didn’t used
24. “Why is Stanley in jail?” “He a) câu B,C,D đều
……………….. of robbery” không phải bị
a) has been convinced động, chỉ có câu A
b) has been convincing là bị động của
c) has convinced hiện tại hoàn
thành=> phù hợp
với ngữ cảnh

25. Why did Tom keep making jokes about c) Enjoy+Ving=> bị

me? I don’t enjoy _____ at. động dùng being,
a) be laughed không dùng
b) laughing tobe/be.
 c) being laughed

26. Claude Jennings is said _____ his c) S+tobe+said+to +

memory. have Vpp
a) to have been lost Xét ngữ cảnh,
b) to be lost Jenning mất kí ức
c) to have lost không phải là
hành động bị
động, nên không
dùng A và B. D
sai cấu trúc =>
chọn C

27. Vitamin C _____ by the human body. It c) Có “by” nên câu

gets into blood stream quickly. là bị động, không
a) absorbs easily thể dùng A và D.
b) is easily absorbing B sai ngữ pháp vì
c) is easily absorbed k được dùng Ving,
phải dùng Vpp

28. Some film stars _____ difficult to work b) cấu trúc bị động
with. không ngôi.
a) are said be Difficult là tính
b) are said to be từ=> phía trước
c) say to be thêm be

29. Homer is in ajil for smoking marijuana” b) câu A thiếu trợ

“He ………………..that it was against the động từ, câu C
law”. thiếu động từ
a) been delivered tobe, => đáp án B
b) delivered
c) delivering
Causative
1. He _____ him ______ his ears. b) Causative form: S
a) will have, to pierce + have/ has +
b) will have, pierce someone + V-inf
c) will have, pierced
2. Neha _____ Avyan______ music class. a) Causative form: S
a) had, join + have/ has +
 b) has, join someone + V-inf
c) had, to join “join music class”
is a past event 
we use had
3. She______ her face ________by Roma. c) Past passive
a) had, bleach causative form: S
b) have, bleach + had + something
c) had, bleached + V3
4. She_______ her daughter______ her ears. c) Causative form: S
a) get, to pierce + get(s) +
b) got, pierced someone + to V-
c) got, to pierce inf
5. She ______ her family ready_______ the a) Causative form: S
excursion tour of Leh. + get(s) +
a) got, to join someone + to V-
b) got, joined inf
c) get, joined
6. I will not ______ your children exploit a) Causative form: S
your innocence. + have/ has +
a) have someone + V-inf
b) get
c) had
7. She ______ her mother ________ the c) Causative form :
nutritional diet strictly. S + make(s) +
a) make, to follow someone + V-inf
b) made, to follow
c) made, follow
8. Her mother was _____ ________ her b) Past passive
daughter. causative form: S
a) make to believe + be + made + to
b) made to believe V-inf
c) made believe
9. Heavy rain _______ the traffic jam in c) “yesterday”
Delhi yesterday.
a) cause
b) cause to
c) caused
10. She is not normal now because she b) S + let(s) +
_____the extremist ______ her mind with someone + V-inf
 negativity.
a) let, to affect
b) let, affect
c) get, affect
11. I’m going to go out b) Have sth Vpp:
and…………………………………………. someone doing
something for us
a) have cut my hair which we ask or
b) have my hair cut instruct them to
do.
c) cut my hair

12. John _____ last week. a) Past passive

a) had his house painted causative form: S
b) had painted his house + had + something
c) had his father to paint + V3

Vocabulary
1. Who would you expect to act b. act suspiciously:
suspiciously? hành động khả
a. a detective nghi, đáng ngờ, có
b. a criminal gì đó sai sai
c. an actor

2. Killing is against the law when you think c.

someone's
a. insulting you
b. threatening you
c. trying to kill you

3. People who've broken a law are called c. break the law:

a. police phạm tội, vi phạm
b. lawyers luật lệ
c. criminals

4. If someone refers to "the guilty party", c. c: cảm thấy tội lỗi,

they're talking about hối hận
 a. the party where crimes were committed

b. the defence team of a guilty person

c. the person found guilty

5. Who would most people call an "innocent c. innocent victim:

victim" in a war? nạn nhân vô tội,
a. a military leader who's killed không liên
b. a young soldier who's wounded quan/tham gia vào
c. an old woman whose home is destroyed chiến tranh

6. Who's usually responsible for maintaining c.

law and order?
a. the army
b. the police
c. the lawyers

7. If an investigation's been opened, it means a.

a. it's already started
b. it couldn't be completed
c. anyone's allowed to watch it

8. Who are responsible for solving crimes? a. solving crimes:

a. police forces điều tra, xử lí tội
b. crime bosses phạm=> police
c. law breakers

9. Under zero tolerance, the punishment for b. Zero tolerance:

an offence is decided by chính sách không
a. the judge khoan nhượng
b. politicians dành cho tội phạm
c. legal experts

10. ‘I won’t let you………this,’ he said. ‘You’re a. Get away with:

escape
 a thief, and thieves have to be punished.’ punishment for..

a. Get away with

b. Hold up
c. Make off

11. Jake cheated on the exam, but he didn’t get c. "Get away with"
caught. He managed to ______ it. có nghĩa là thoát
a. get up with khỏi sự trừng phạt
b. get out of hoặc làm gì sai
c. get away with trái mà không bị
phát hiện. Trong
câu trên, Jake gian
lận nhưng không
bị bắt, nên cụm từ
phù hợp nhất là
"get away with"

12. She very nearly….. away with the crime, but a. "Get away with"
the police finally caught her. (New Closeup means to avoid
B2) punishment for
something. The
a. Got
woman almost
b. Made
avoided being
c. Did caught for the
crime but was
eventually
apprehended.

13. So unless we are going to ……… away with a. The phrase "do
mobile phones there is no logic in doing away with" means
away with wifi. to eliminate or get
rid of something.
a. Do The statement
b. Did implies that if we
c. Get are not going to
eliminate mobile
phones, it does
not make sense to
 eliminate wifi
because mobile
phones typically
rely on wifi for
internet
connectivity.

14. WASHINGTON, Jan 5 (Reuters) - U.S. a. Do away with: to

President Joe Biden said on Sunday he murder someone
thought it was awful that President-elect or get rid of sth
or stop using sth.
Donald Trump was trying to do away
…………. birthright citizenship in the
United States.
a. with
b. for
c. up

15. "Jack the Ripper, who ………… away with a. "did away with"
five women—all prostitutes—and mutilated means to kill
their corpses, is one of history's most someone. Jack the
Ripper is a
notorious serial killers."
notorious
a. Did unidentified killer
b. Get from the late 19th
c. Make century, known
for murdering
several women in
London.

16. After 4 days of freedom, the escaped a. ‘Gave himself up’

prisoner …… to the police. means surrender
a. Gave himself up to the police.
b. Gave up himself
c. Gave himself down

17. When the police surrounded the criminal, he a. ‘Gave himself up’
gave himself............... means surrender
to the police.
 a. Up
b. Down
c. For

18. I'm still waiting for someone to own…….to a. 'Own up ' means
the breakages. confess
a. Up
b. Down
c. Out

19. After what he did, he deserves to be put….. a. "Put away" means

for life. put somebody in
a. Away prison
b. Down
c. Up

20. I had an email pretending to be from my b. See through"

bank, but I………through it immediately. means to
a. Saw recognize that
something is false
b. See
or deceptive. The
c. Gave sentence refers to
identifying a fake
email.

21. He ___ to the crime and spent time in b. Confessed" means

prison. admitting to doing
a. committed something wrong,
b. confessed which fits the
c. accused context of
admitting to a
crime and going
to prison.

22. Sam has got a ___ record for assault. c. "criminal record"
a. hardened (hồ sơ tội phạm.)
b. life refers to an
 c. criminal official record of a
person's criminal
history.

23. Help! That man has ___ my bag! b. "stolen" refers to

a. robbed something being
b. stolen taken unlawfully.
c. burgled

24. After the tsunami, _ stole goods from shops. c. Looters: This
a. blackmailers refers to people
b. muggers who steal goods,
c. looters especially during
a time of chaos
such as natural
disasters, riots, or
war.

25. If you ___ yourself up, you'll receive a b. ‘give yourself up’
reduced sentence. means to
a. hold surrender to the
b. give police. So it fits
c. get with ‘receive a
reduced sentence’.

26. The burglar stayed hidden ___ sight until the c. hidden from sight’
family went out. (Closeup B2 workbook) refer to conceal
a. in from view,
b. of unseen, keep
c. from hidden.

2. Word form

No. Question Answer and Explanation

1. I have always suspected that Criminal(n): someone
Mark was a . who commits a crime
(CRIME)

2. With a dangerous driver at the Deadly(adj): likely to cause death

wheel, a car becomes a
 weapons. (DEAD)

3. is a problem Terrorism(n):violent action or threats desig

for governments and critizens ned to cause fear among ordinary people,
the world over. (TERROR) in order to achieve political aims

4. Offering money to a police Offence(n): an illegal act; a crime

officer is a
serious .
(OFFEND)

5. It is almost impossible to Unbreakable(adj): impossible to break

destroy this watch- it’s
.(BREAK)

6. We recently learnt that my great Professional(adj):relating to work that nee

grandfather was a thief. ds special training or education
(PROFESSION)

7. There have been several ……in Burglary(n):the crime of illegally entering

our neighbourhood recently. a building and stealing things
(BURGLAR)

8. It may be a form of art to some Criminal(adj): relating to crime

people, but graffiti is still a
act. (CRIME)

9. Over $1 million was stolen in Robbery(n):the crime of stealing from som

the bank . (ROB) ewhere or someone

10. They had to do 100 hours of Punishment(n):

community service as the act of punishing someone
for their crime. (PUNISH)
11. As she was a first-time Offender(n): a person who is guilty of
, she wasn’t sent to prison this a crime
time. (OFFENCE)
12. They were arrested for Illegally(adv): in a way that is illegal
importing rare animals into the
country. (LEGAL)

13. If you find a Suspicious(adj): making you feel that

package in the airport, please something illegal is happening or that
tell a security guard.
(SUSPECT)

14. They were accused of Vandalis(n):the crime of intentionally dam

. (VANDAL) aging property belonging to other people

15. The was place under Shoplifer(n):a person who takes goods ille
arrest. (SHOP) gally from a shop without paying for them

16. Police have appealed for Numeous(adj): many

witness after large rocks were
drop onto cars.
(NUMBER)

17. Type of mindless vandalism Fatalities(n): a death caused by

could have serious an accident or by violence, or someone
consequences and cause many who has died ineither of these ways
.(FATAL)

18. The prisoners escaped and there Trace(n): a sign that something
has been no of him has happened or existed
since. (TRACER)

19. There is to Evidence(n):facts, information, documents

suggest that a bank employee , etc. that give reason to believe that
helped commit the robbery. something is true
(EVIDENT)

20. Hunting endangered animals is Illegal(adj): not allowed by law

.(LEGAL)

21. They found a Kidnapped(adj): to take

girl tied to a chair. (KIDNAP) a person away illegally by force, usually
 in order to demand money in exchange for
releasing them
22. The criminal tried to Discard(v): to throw something away or
the murder weapon by throwing get rid of it because you no longer want or
it in the river. (CARD) need it

23. The description he gave was Inaccurate(adj):not completely correct or e

; we need a correct one. xact, or not able to do
(ACCURATE) something correctly or exactly

24. The goods were Stolen(adj): take something without

found in his garage. (STEAL) the permission or knowledge of
the owner and keep it

25. The judge said the evidence Unreliable(adj): not able to

was and be trusted or believed
dismissed the case. (RELY)

26. The stolen painting is thought Valuable(adj): worth a lot of money

to be extremely
(VALUE)

27. Tanya was arrested for Irresponsible(adj): not thinking enough or

driving. (RESPONSIBLE) not worrying about the possible results of
what you do

28. The prosecutor must prove bey Defendant(n): a person in a law case who
ond a reasonable doubt that the is accused of having done
is guilty. (DEFEND) something illegal

29. In the car the police found Lethal(adj):able to cause or causing death;
guns, knives, and other extremely dangerous
weapons. (LETHARGIC)
30. Police are looking for the Armed(adj): using or carrying weapons
robber who they say is
dangerous.(ARM)

31. The younger you are when Reoffend(v): (of someone who
 you commit a crime, the has previously committed a crime)
more likely you are to to commit another crime
. (OFFEND)

32. The victim has said that she Prosecute(v): to officially accuse someone
will not . of committing a crime in a law court, or
(PROSECUTOR) (of a lawyer) to try to prove that
a person accused of committing a crime is
guilty of that crime

33. I want to see my Lawyer(n): someone whose job is to

before I say anything. (LAW) give advice to people about
the law and speak for them in court

34. No enquiry has Judicial(adj): relating to a judge or judges,

been held into to a law court, or to the justice system
the outbreak of violence last su
mmer. (JUDGE)

35. The of DNA testing Introduction(n): an occasion when

has changed the nature of something is put into use or brought to
police investigation. a place for the first time
(INTRODUCE)

36. A foresic photographer must Attention(n): notice, thought, or interest

pay great to detail.
(ATTEND)

37. They found the woman lying Unconsciously(adv): without

on the floor. (CONSCIOUS) being aware of what you are doing

38. He was fined for Illegal(adj): not allowed by law

parking. (LEGAL)
39. Parking fines are given for Violations(n):
parking . an action that breaks or acts against
(VIOLENCE) something, especially a law, agreement, pri
nciple, or something that should
be treated with respect
40. It's the third time that he's Offence(n): an illegal act; a crime
been convicted of a drug
. (OFFEND)

3. Open-closed

No. Question Answer and explantion

1. When people (1) ____ the law, they very rarely 1, A. break
consider the consequences of their actions. When people break the
Most criminals don’t think about their victims law, they very rarely
and many believe they will never get caught
consider the
and be (2) ____ away for their crimes. Even
when they are placed (3) ____ arrest and consequences of their
accused (4) ____ committing a crime, some actions.
criminals still believe that they won’t be found "Break the law" means to
guilty. They live for the moment and enjoy the violate or disobey legal
thrill of doing something that is against the law. rules or regulations set by
They almost never stop to think what having a the government or
criminal (5) ____ might mean for their future. authorities.
This attitude is partly the reason why some 2, B. put Put away
people choose to lead a life (6) ____ crime. means to put somebody
Even when they are caught, few criminals in prison.
confess to (7) ____ crimes. Some criminals are
even convinced that because they have had a 3, D. under ‘placed
difficult life, they somehow deserve to make under arrest’ (bị bắt giữ.):
their living dishonestly. When (8) ____ a bank, to officially detain or
for instance, a criminal may be totally
take someone into legal
convinced that all banks are corrupt and,
therefore, might believe it’s his or her duty to custody by law
take the money. They give little or no thought enforcement, typically
to the people whose money it is that they are because they are
stealing. suspected of committing
a crime.
1. A. break B. believe C. think D. give
4, B. of ‘Accused of" is a
2. A. closed B. put C.found D. brought
collocation to say that
3. A. in B. at C. of D.under
someone has done
 4. A. for B. of C. on D. against something morally wrong
5. A. file B. record C. accusation D. court 5, B. record ‘Criminal
6. A. at B. with C. of D. under record’ (hồ sơ tội phạm.)
7. A. their B. his C. our D. her
8. sA. rob B. steal C. robbing D. 6, C. of ‘A life of crime’
stealing chỉ việc sống một cuộc
đời dính líu đến tội phạm.
7, A. their ‘Their crimes’
(những tội ác của họ.)
Các từ khác như "his,"
"our," và "her" không
khớp về ngữ pháp hoặc
ngữ cảnh.
8, C. robbing "Robbing
a bank" (cướp ngân hàng)
2. In June 1902, some billiard balls were stolen 1.C.’Burglary’ refer to
from a house in London during a/an (1) the crime of illegally
__________. entering a building and
During the police (2) __________, some
stealing things
suspicious fingerprints were discovered at the
(3) __________ of the crime, on a recently 2.A"Investigation"
painted windowsill. (police inquiry) the act of
Detective Sergeant Collins of Scotland Yard examining something
was sent to (4) __________ further. First, he carefully, esp. to discover
checked that the prints had not been left by a/an the truth about it.
(5) __________ person who lived or worked in 3.D "Scene" (crime
the building. Then he began the task of
scene) refers to the
comparing the fingerprints with those of
thousands of known criminals. Eventually, he location where the crime
found a fingerprint in his files that matched the took place.
ones in the house. The (6) __________ was a 4.A."Investigate" (to
burglar called Harry Jackson. examine or inquire) is the
Jackson was arrested and formally (7) detective's action.
__________ of stealing the billiard balls. 5. B "Innocent": not
Shortly after Jackson’s (8) __________, some guilty of the crime
stolen goods from a different burglary were 6. C "Suspect" (a person
found in his home, which convinced DS Collins
believed to have
 of Jackson’s (9) __________. committed a crime)
When the (10) __________ went to court, DS 7. B"Accused" (formally
Collins struggled to convince the (11) charged with a crime).
__________ that the fingerprints belonged to
Jackson. At that time, using fingerprints to help 8. A "Arrest" (the act of
solve crimes had never been accepted as (12) taking someone into
__________ in a trial. police custody)
Eventually, the fingerprints were accepted as
(13) __________ that Jackson had indeed 9. B "Guilt" (the state of
committed the burglary. He was found (14) being responsible for a
__________ and (15) __________ to seven
crime)
years in prison. (New Closeup B2)
1, 10.C "Case" (a legal
dispute or investigation)
A. Theft
B. Robbery 11.B "Jury" (a group of
C. Burglary people deciding the
D. Crime verdict) is part of a trial.
2. 12.C "Evidence"
A. Investigation (information used to
B. Inquiry prove a case)
C. Questioning 13.B "Proof" (definitive
D. Case evidence) confirms his
3. crime.
A. Place
B. location 14.A "Guilty" (legally
C.house responsible for a crime)
D. scene describes his conviction.
4,
A. investigate 15.C "Sentenced" (given
B. inspect a punishment by the
C. research court) refers to his prison
D. analyze term.
5,
A. criminal
B. innocent
C. guilty
D. suspect
6,
A. criminal
B. victim
C. suspect
D. witness
7,
A. blamed
B. accused
C. judged
D. suspected
8,
A. arrest
B. capture
C. conviction
D. imprisonment
9,
A. innocence
B. guilt
C. defense
D. excuse
10,
A. investigation
B. report
C. case
D. lawsuit
11,
A. judge
B. jury
C. lawyers
D. witnesses
12, A. reason
B. proof
C. evidence
D. claim
13
A. evidence
B. proof
C. claim
D. fact
 14.
A. guilty
B. innocent
C. accused
D. punished
15.
A. sent
B. punished
C. sentenced
D. judged

4. Guided-closed

No. Question Answer

1. On November 24, 1971, a "nondescript" (1) out
man who appeared to be in his mid-40s
and about 6 feet tall (1.83 metres) bought Turn out: To happen in a
a $20 ticket for Northwest particular way or to have a
Orient Airlines Flight 305. He gave his particular result, especially an
name as Dan Cooper, which later turned unexpected one
1….. to be fake. 2.……. after takeoff (2) Shortly
from Portland, he handed a note to a Shortly after: a short
flight attendant in which he claimed to time/soon after
have a bomb in his briefcase. He then (3) Worth
proceeded to open the attaché case, Worth: indicate the equivalent
which contained numerous wires, red value of $200,000 in the early
sticks, and a battery. Cooper demanded 21st century ($1.2 million)
four parachutes and $200,000 in $20 bills(4) However
(3.…. about $1.2 million in the early 21st Cooper still forced some crew
century). After the flight landed in members to stay on board,
Seattle, Cooper released the 36 indicating a change in the
passengers when authorities provided the situation.
money and parachutes. 4.…….., he (5) speed
forced two pilots, a flight engineer, and a slower than 200 knots refers to
flight attendant to remain on the plane. speed.
After it refueled, he ordered the pilots to (6) failed
fly to Mexico City. Per his instructions, Form: S+ fail + to + Vinf.
the plane flew under 10,000 feet at a Failed to notice means Cooper
 5….. slower than 200 knots. The agency overlooked or didn’t realize
initially suspected Cooper was a skilled (7) ruled
paratrooper but later concluded he lacked Rule out (phrasal verb):
experience, as he 6….. to notice his to leave out; not to consider.
reserve parachute was sewn shut for (8) basis
training. The agency reported that it On the basis of something:
looked at some 800 suspects in the first because of a particular fact or
five years, with almost all being situation
eliminated. Some were 7…. out on the (9) match
8… of DNA that was eventually Match = correspond/ align
recovered from the tie Cooper took off with. McCoy didn’t fit the
before jumping. One prime suspect was descriptions provided by the
Richard Floyd McCoy, who was arrested flight attendants, so he was
for a similar crime several months later. eliminated as a suspect.
However, he was eliminated as a suspect,(10) Which
partly because he did not 9…. the A quantity phrase with which is
descriptions provided by two flight placed at the front of the
attendants. Many speculated that Cooper modifying clause and then the
didn’t survive due to harsh winds, an clause is placed directly after
unsteerable parachute, and a rugged the noun it modifies.
landing area. A breakthrough came in (11) inspiring
1980 when a boy found $5,800 buried Inspiring indicates D.B.
along the Columbia River, 20 miles from Cooper's story led to the
Ariel.The serial numbers of the money— creation of songs, books, and
all of 10.….. were $20 bills—matched movies, reflecting his impact on
those of the ransom. Despite extensive popular culture.
searches, no further evidence was found.
In 2016, the FBI closed the case to focus
on other priorities. The unsolved mystery
made D.B. Cooper a folk hero,
11….songs, books, and movies.

2. House-sitters (12) there

Nowadays (12)… are far too many There stating that something
stories of homeowners (13) ………. have exists in significant quantity.
been away on holiday and come home (13) who/that
to find that their house (14) …….. Who or that are relative
been broken into. Unfortunately, pronouns connecting
simply locking the doors and "homeowners" to the clause
cancelling the newspapers is (15) "have been away on holiday."
……….. enough to keep out burglars. A Who is used for people, while
much better way to prevent your that can be used for both
home from (16) ……… burgled is to people and thing
employ a professional house-sitter, (14) has
either through an agency (17) ………. Has been broken into is the
as 'Homesitters', (18).......... by placing present perfect passive voice,
an advertisement in a magazine like The used to show an action
Lady. House-sitters are paid around £10 a (breaking into the house) that
day, including a food allowance, to live happened sometime in the past
in a house while (19)……owners are but has relevance to the present.
away. An extra charge (20)………. (15) not/never
made if the house-sitter is required to Not enough or never enough
(21)…….. care of one or more pets. both negate the sufficiency of
Agencies, which charge a considerable locking doors and canceling
fee for their services, accept full newspapers to prevent
responsibility (22)………… anything burglaries.
which might go wrong. House-sitters (16) being
(23)…… therefore chosen very carefully; Being burgled is a gerund as
as well as the usual interview and the object of the preposition
personal references, inquiries are (24) from(passive voice, from +
…….. about any previous criminal Ving)
conviction (17) such
Such as (phrase): for example
(18) or
Structure: Either…. or….
(19) the/its
The/its owners refers to the
specific owners of the house.
(20) is
Is made is the present tense
passive voice
(21) take
Take care of (=look after):
to protect someone or
something and provide the
things that that person or thing
needs. This phrase follows the
structure: is required to + Vinf
(22) for
 Responsibility for is a fixed
phrase (= accountable for)
(23) are
House-sitters are chosen :
present passive voice
(24) made
Fixed phrase: make inquiries
= to ask for information.
Inquiries are made: present
passive voice.
3. Bungling burglars (25) to
Detectives who were called (25)….. a This blank needs a preposition.
shop in Southend early (26) ........... Called to means the detectives
Christmas morning found two burglars were summoned to a shop to
stuck in a lift with the office safe. In their investigate the situation.
haste to (27) ........... away, the two men, (26) on
both in their twenties, (28) ........... tried On + special dates.
to take a heavy office safe downstairs in (27) get/run
a small service lift. They did not notice Get/ run away: to leave
the sign on the door (29)…..that it was or escape from a person
meant (30) ........... no more than two or place secretly and suddenly,
people. 'It stuck (31) ........... floors often when it is difficult to do
because they overloaded it,' said this.
Detective Inspector Dave Frampton. (28) had
'They were trapped inside that small steel Had tried is in the past perfect
cupboard for six hours, sitting on what tense, used to describe an action
they had hoped (32) ........... be their (attempting to take the safe)
Christmas present. They were robbing that occurred before they were
(33) ........... a time when normal people found.
were at home celebrating with their (29)
families. (34) ........... was a very special warning/saying/explaining
moment when the firemen opened the Reduced relative clause by V-
doors and they staggered out (35) ........... ing. Meaning the sign stated the
our arms. They said they had never been information.
(36) ........... pleased to see police and (30) for
firemen. We were pleased to see them A preposition is needed. Meant
too.' The two burglars had (37) ........... for = the purpose or intended
trying to (38) ........... attention for most use of the lift (for no more than
of the six hours they were locked in, but two people).
it was not (39) ........... the discotheque (31) between
next door closed that anyone heard them Stuck between floors is a fixed
and the police (40)…….. alerted. phrase(at a point between two
levels).
(32) would
Hoped would be follows
structure: hope + would
(express an expectation or
desire about the future.
(33) at
At a time = during the
specific period.
(34) It
It is used as dummy subject
(35) into
Staggered into our arms
indicates motion toward
someone, showing the burglars
were exhausted and collapsed
into the detectives' embrace.
(36) so
So pleased( =extremely
pleased) is used for emphasis.
(37) been
Had been trying is the past
perfect continuous tense,
describing their continuous
attempts to attract attention
over the six hours.
(38)
attract/get/call/catch/draw
All these verbs combine a fix
phrase (=make someone
notice)
(39) until
Structure: It was not until….
that…
(40) were
Were alerted: past passive
 voice (the police were informed
by someone else)

4. Rewrite sentence

No. Question Answer and explanation

1. The severity of the punishment bore no The punishment was out
relation to the seriousness of the crime. of proportion to the crime.
PROPORTION (Out of proportion: greater or
more serious than is
necessary or appropriate.=
bore no relation to the
seriousness of sth)
2. The police ended the fighting between the The police put a stop to the
two gangs by arresting the leader. fighting between the two
STOP gangs by arresting the
leader.
(Put a stop to sth =ended sth:
Kết thúc việc gì đó)

3. The terrorist attack on the Capital Trade The terrorist attack on the
Center was very much like the 11-9 attack Capital Trade Center was a
on the WTO building. carbon copy of the 11-9
CARBON attack on the WTO building.
(a carbon copy of s.o/sth=be
like s.o/sth: giống ai đó/thứ gì
đó)

4. Five boys on a motorbike at the speed of Five boys on a motorbike at

60 mph are very likely to end up in the speed of 60 mph is a
hospital. RECIPE recipe for disaster.
(be a recipe for
disaster/trouble ,…=be very
likely to become a disaster,…)

5. Detectives had stopped working on the Detectives had closed the

Hornsey murders case three years book on the Hornsey
previously.BOOK murders case three years
 previously.
(Close the book on=stop: lay
aside, expend no further
energy on)

6. Motorists are jamming the streets as they Motorists are causing hold
slow down to see the wall paintings. ups as they slow down to see
HOLD UPS the wall paintings.
(hold up: a delay)

7. They sent him to prison for three years. He was sentenced to three
SENTENCED years in prison/ three years’
imprisonment.
(sentence (v): to decide and
say officially what a
punishment will be)

8. Many people believe that the death Many people believe that the
penalty deters criminals. death penalty is a deterrent
DETERRENT against crimes.
(deterrent against sth:
something that makes
somebody less likely to do
something (= that deters
them)

9. The mistake in the accounts was not The mistake in the accounts
noticed until the figures were re-checked. only came to light when the
LIGHT figures were re-checked.
(come to light: to become
known publicly)
10. This story of yours isn’t true! You have made up this
UP story!
(make up: bịa chuyện, dựng
nên)

11. I think you’ve misunderstood the I think you’ve got the wrong
situation. end of the stick.
STICK (get the wrong end of the
stick=misunderstand:to not
 understand the situation
correctly)

12. They accused me of causing the accident. They put the blame on me
BLAME for causing the accident
(put the blame on s.o for sth
=accuse s.o of doing sth: buộc
tội, đổ lỗi cho ai về cái gì)

13. Are you implying that he is a thief? Am I to infer that he is a

INFER thief?
(infer(v): to form an opinion
or guess that something is
true because of the
information that you have)

14. The policeman pointed out the speed limit The policeman drew our
sign to us. attention to the speed limit
DREW sign.
(draw someone’s attention: to
make somebody notice of
something (=point out)

15. Most people consider that stealing is Nearly everybody considers

wrong. stealing to be wrong.
EVERYBODY (most~nearly: gần như, hầu
như)

16. They will think your nephew stole the Your nephew will be
money. suspected of stealing the
SUSPECTED money.
(be suspected of doing
something: bị tình nghi làm
điều gì)

17. What exactly am I supposed to have done What exactly do I stand

wrong? accused of having done
STAND wrong?
(stand accused of Ving: If you
stand accused of doing
 something wrong, people say
that you have done it)

18. Any personal involvement on the part of If the Prime Minister got
the Prime Minister in this scandal would caught up in this scandal, it
be disastrous. would be a disaster.
CAUGHT (get caught up in: to become
involved in something,
especially when you do not
want to be)

19. All the witnesses said the accident was my All the witnesses said that I
fault. was to blame for the
BLAME accident.
(Be to blame for sth: được sử
dụng khi muốn chỉ ra rằng
một người hoặc một nhóm
người có một trách nhiệm về
một vấn đề hoặc một tình
huống không như mong muốn)

20. Nowadays, most people automatically It’s second nature to most

lock their doors at night. people to lock their doors at
NATURE night nowadays.
(second nature được hiểu là
bản năng thứ nhì của con
người, tức là điều gì giống
như tự nhiên, hoặc theo bản
năng, nhưng nhờ học được mà
có)

21. It is expected that the weather will be is expected to be good

good tomorrow tomorrow.
 The weather is ………………… (S + to be + said that + to-V)
22. It is believed that the thieves got in are believed to have got in
through a window in the roof. through a window in the
 The thieves …………………… roof.
(S + to be + said that + to
have VP2)
 23. It is reported that many people are are reported to be homeless
homeless after the floods. after the floods.
 Many people ……………………… (S + to be + said that + to-V)
24. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by is thought to have escaped
climbing over a wall. by climbing over a wall.
 The prisoner …………………… (S + to be + said that + to
have VP2)
25. It is alleged that the man was driving at is alleged to have been
110 miles an hour. driving at 110 miles an hour.
 The man ………………………… (S + to be + said that + to
have VP2)
26. It is reported that the building has been is reported to have been
badly damage by the fire. badly damage by the fire.
 The building …………………… (S + to be + said that + to
have VP2)
27. It is said that the company is losing a lot is said to be losing a lot of
of money. money.
 The company …………………… (S + to be + said that + to-V)
28. It is believed that the company lost a lot of Is believed to have lost a lot
money last year. of money last year.
 The company …………………… (S + to be + said that + to
have VP2)
29. It is expected that the strike will end soon. is expected to end soon.
 The strike ………………………… (S + to be + said that + to-V)
30. It is said that she runs ten miles a day. is said to run ten miles a day.
 She ……………………………… (S + to be + said that + to-V)

C. SOURCE

1. https://englishpracticetest.net/b1-english-grammar-test-passive-voice-multiple-
choice-questions/#google_vignette

2. Grammar in use- Intermediate

3. page 74, Destination B2

4. Closeup B2 workbook

5. New Closeup B2 student’s book

6. https://www.britannica.com/biography/D-B-Cooper

7. Ready for FCE

8. Focus on FCE practice tests

9. https://www.vietjack.com/ngu-phap-tieng-anh/bai-tap-cau-bi-dong-theo-cac-thi-
cuc-hay-co-loi-giai.jsp

10. https://www.englishclub.com/ref/Collocations/Quizzes/Crime/

11. https://fr.scribd.com/document/521483491/REWRITE-SENTENCES