Aim: - Creating the first HTML file to understand the basics of HTML file structure
Software Requirement: - Notepad, Google Chrome or IE.
Theory: -
INTRODUCTION TO HTML/ Web site:
A set of interconnected web pages, usually including a homepage, generally
located on the same server, and prepared and maintained as a collection of
information by a person, group, or organization.
Web Page: A web page is a document that's created in html that shows up on
the internet when you type in or go to the web page's address. Types of Web
Pages:
∙ Static web page: is delivered exactly as stored, as web content in the web
server's file system. Contents cannot be changed.
∙ Dynamic web page: is generated by a web application that is driven by
server-side software or client-side scripting. Dynamic web pages help the
browser (the client) to enhance the web page through user input to the server.
Contents can be changed as evolution over time.
Browsers & their types: A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser)
is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information
resources on the World Wide Web. The major web browsers are Google
Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera, and Safari.
Scripting language: A scripting language or script language is a programming
language that supports the writing of scripts, programs written for a special
runtime environment that can interpret and automate the execution of tasks
which could alternatively be executed one by-one by a human operator.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is used to design web pages
using a markup language. HTML is the combination of Hypertext and Markup
language. Hypertext defines the link between web pages. A markup language
is used to define the text document within the tag which defines the structure
of web page
General structure of a HTML Web Page
A basic HTML page contains a Head section and a Body section. The contents of
the head section are normally invisible in a web browser and mainly consists
of some Metatags. The Body consist of those HTML elements that you want to
have displayed in your browser.
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>: This is the document type declaration (not
technically a tag). It declares a document as being an HTML document.
The doctype declaration is not case sensitive.
<html>: This is called the HTML root element. All other elements are
contained within it.
<head>: The head tag contains the “behind the scenes” elements for a
webpage. Elements within the head aren’t visible on the front-end of a
webpage. HTML elements used inside the <head> element include:
∙ <style>-This html tag allows us to insert styling into our webpages and
make them appealing to look at with the help of CSS.
∙ <title>-The title is what is displayed on the top of your browser when
you visit a website and contains title of the webpage that you are
viewing.
∙ <base>-It specifies the base URL for all relative URL’s in a document. ∙
<script>-This tag is used to add functionality in the website with the help
of JavaScript.
∙ <link>– The ‘link’ tag is used to tie together HTML, CSS and JavaScript. It
is self-closing.
<body>: The body tag is used to enclose all the visible content of a
webpage. In other words, the body content is what the browser will show
on the front-end. An HTML document can be created using any text
editor. Save the text file using .html once saved as an HTML document,
the file can be opened as a webpage in the browser. Some sample HTML
Tags are as follows:
