Lesson 8
LINKING WORDS
Task 1. Complete the sentences with although / in spite of / because /because of.
1. _____________ it rained a lot we enjoyed our holidays.
2. _____________ all our careful planning, a lot of things went wrong.
3. I went home early __________________ I was not feeling well.
4. She only accepted the job ________________ the salary, which was very high.
5. She accepted the job ________________ the salary, which was rather low.
6. I managed to get some sleep _______________ there was a lot of noise.
7. I couldn't get to sleep ________________the noise.
8. He passed the exam ________________ he hadn't studied very much.
9. I ate a lot _________________ my stomach ache.
10. __________________ what I said yesterday, I still love you.
11. We had to stay at the airport __________________ the controllers strike.
12. I didn't get the job __________________ I had all the necessary qualifications.
Task 2. Choose the conjunction that fits best.
1. I haven't really studied for this exam, ________ I feel a little nervous.
a. so
b. unless
c. but
2. I told him not to come, ________ he came anyway.
a. since
b. unless
c. but
3. Do not do anything ________ you hear from him first.
a. unless
b. since
c. therefore
4. ________ I was really tired, I took a nap for 15 minutes.
a. although
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b. since
c. unless
5. ________ she likes to play basketball, her favorite sport is tennis.
a. while
b. because
c. since
6. ________ it was really hot outside, I wore shorts.
a. although
b. since
c. unless
7. He has always done well on exams. This time, ________, he failed.
a. however
b. accordingly
c. moreover
8. I won't be able to borrow any more money ________ I pay off some of my previous debts.
a. but
b. until
c. although
9. ________ he wasn't a good player, he had a great game.
a. since
b. because
c. although
10. The little girl slept ________ her father played the guitar.
a. while
b. therefore
c. until
Task 3. Choose the correct word for each sentence - each is only used once.
moreover besides actually
on the other hand firstly though
at least whereas
however then
1. I had a terrible day at work and lost my umbrella too. ______________ I spoke to
that nice guy who works in the coffee shop at last!
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2. Television turns people into lazy couch potatoes. ________________ , there are
some educational programmes on.
3. ________________ ,I would like to welcome you all to the conference today.
4. ________________ the film was a little boring, we still had a nice evening out.
5. I've always known Caroline as a mean person. _____________ , she lent me $10
yesterday without me having to ask twice!
6. I got up at 9 o'clock yesterday and had a cold shower. _____________, I had
breakfast and left for work.
7. My brother works in a large office _____________ I work on my own at home.
8. Why do you think I don't want to go out tonight. _______________ , I would be
delighted to get out of the house.
9. You should go to university as it gives you a chance to meet so many new people.
_________________ , it gives you the chance to get important qualifications and get
a better job.
10. I don't want to go to the football game. Football bores me and I don't want to pay
$40 for a ticket. _________________ , look at the weather! All that rain!
ANSWER KEY
Task 1. Complete the sentences with although / in spite of / because /because of.
13. Although it rained a lot we enjoyed our holidays.
14. In spite of all our careful planning, a lot of things went wrong.
15. I went home early although I was not feeling well.
16. She only accepted the job because of the salary, which was very high.
17. She accepted the job in spite of the salary, which was rather low.
18. I managed to get some sleep although there was a lot of noise.
19. I couldn't get to sleep because of the noise.
20. He passed the exam although he hadn't studied very much.
21. I ate a lot in spite of my stomach ache.
22. In spite of what I said yesterday, I still love you.
23. We had to stay at the airport because of the controllers strike.
24. I didn't get the job although I had all the necessary qualifications.
Task 2. Choose the conjunction that fits best.
1. I haven't really studied for this exam, so I feel a little nervous.
2. I told him not to come, but he came anyway.
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3. Do not do anything unless you hear from him first.
4. Since I was really tired, I took a nap for 15 minutes.
5. While she likes to play basketball, her favorite sport is tennis.
6. Since it was really hot outside, I wore shorts.
7. He has always done well on exams. This time, however, he failed.
8. I won't be able to borrow any more money until I pay off some of my previous debts.
9. Although he wasn't a good player, he had a great game.
10. The little girl slept while her father played the guitar.
Task 3. Choose the correct word for each sentence - each is only used once.
moreover besides actually
on the other hand firstly though
at least whereas
however then
1. I had a terrible day at work and lost my umbrella too. At least I spoke to that nice guy
who works in the coffee shop at last!
2. Television turns people into lazy couch potatoes. On the other hand, there are some
educational programmes on.
3. Firstly, I would like to welcome you all to the conference today.
4. Though the film was a little boring, we still had a nice evening out.
5. I've always known Caroline as a mean person. However, she lent me $10 yesterday
without me having to ask twice!
6. I got up at 9 o'clock yesterday and had a cold shower. Then, I had breakfast and left
for work.
7. My brother works in a large office whereas I work on my own at home.
8. Why do you think I don't want to go out tonight. Actually, I would be delighted to get
out of the house.
9. You should go to university as it gives you a chance to meet so many new people.
Moreover, it gives you the chance to get important qualifications and get a better
job.
10. I don't want to go to the football game. Football bores me and I don't want to pay
$40 for a ticket. Besides, look at the weather! All that rain!
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