Banking

In banking and financial exams, problems involving speed, time, and distance are common as they test
analytical and quantitative skills. These problems often involve practical scenarios like travel, work, or
motion, requiring the application of the fundamental relationship between speed, time, and distance.

Understanding Blood Relations: In logical reasoning tests, Blood Relations refer to the relationships
between individuals based on their familial ties rather than through marriage or other associations.
These questions require candidates to analyze and deduce relationships between family members using
the information provided.

Types of Blood Relation Questions:

1. Pointing or Introducing Questions:
○ These questions involve someone pointing to or introducing another person, and
candidates must determine their relationship.
○ Example: A person points at a lady and says, "She is the wife of my mother’s father’s only
grandchild." What is the lady's relation to the person?
 Solution: The lady is the person's wife, as the mother’s father’s only grandchild
refers to themselves.
2. Family Tree Questions:
○ Here, candidates need to interpret relationships between different family members based
on the information provided.
○ Example: If Rahul is Mohan's son, and Hari is Manu's father, what is the relationship
between Kanav and Akash?
 Solution: The relationship cannot be determined from the given information.
3. Coded Relation Questions:
○ In these questions, family members are represented by codes or symbols that candidates
must decode to establish relationships.
o Example: Decode the following:
 P $ Q means P is the sister of Q
 P % Q means P is the brother of Q
 P & R means P is the mother of R
 P @ S means P is the son of S

Types of Blood Relations

1. Direct Relations
• Definition: These are straightforward relationships that exist between individuals in a family.
• Examples:
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○ Father: A male parent.

○ Mother: A female parent.
○ Son: A male child of one's parents.
○ Daughter: A female child of one's parents.
○ Brother: A male sibling.
○ Sister: A female sibling.
2. Indirect Relations
• Definition: These are relationships that are derived through direct relationships.
• Examples:
○ Grandfather: The father of one's father or mother.
○ Grandmother: The mother of one's father or mother.
○ Uncle: The brother of one's father or mother.
○ Aunt: The sister of one's father or mother.
○ Nephew: The son of one's brother or sister.
○ Niece: The daughter of one's brother or sister.
○ Cousin: The child of one's uncle or aunt.
3. Complex Relations
• Definition: These relationships involve more intricate connections within extended families or
through marriage.
• Examples:
○ Great-grandfather: The father of one's grandfather or grandmother.
○ Great-grandmother: The mother of one's grandfather or grandmother.

Tips and Tricks for Blood Relation Questions:

1. Understand the Given Relationships:
○ Before attempting to solve the problem, carefully read and understand the relationships
provided in the question. This often involves deciphering familial terms like father,
mother, son, daughter, brother, sister, etc.
2. Construct a Family Tree:
○ Visualize the family tree based on the information given. Drawing a simple diagram can
help clarify relationships and make it easier to identify the connections between different
family members.
3. Use Gender and Generation Assumptions:
○ Assume standard gender roles (e.g., mother is female, father is male) unless explicitly
stated otherwise. Also, consider generational gaps (e.g., three generations above and
below) to place individuals correctly in the family structure.
4. Apply Logical Deduction:
○ Use logical reasoning to deduce relationships that are not directly stated but can be
inferred from the given information. For example, if A is the father of B and B is the sister
of C, then A must be the father of C.

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5. Be Mindful of Quantifiers:
○ Pay attention to words like "only," "first," "last," "middle," etc., as they can significantly
impact the interpretation of relationships. These qualifiers often provide crucial clues to
solving the problem correctly.
6. Practice with Variety:
○ Practice solving different types of Blood Relation questions to familiarize yourself with
various scenarios and improve your speed and accuracy in solving them.
7. Use Codes or Symbols Wisely:
○ When dealing with coded relationships, decode each symbol methodically and apply it to
the given statements to determine the relationships accurately.
8. Eliminate Ambiguity:
○ Clarify any ambiguous relationships by re-evaluating the information provided. If the
relationship cannot be determined from the given data, select the appropriate response,
such as "Cannot be determined."
9. Review and Revise:
○ After solving each question, review your approach and verify whether your deductions
are consistent with the information given. This practice helps in identifying any mistakes
and refining your problem-solving skills.
10. Stay Calm and Focused:
○ Logical reasoning questions, including Blood Relations, can be tricky but remain calm and
focused. Don’t rush through the problem; instead, break it down step-by-step to ensure
accuracy.

Blood Relation Chart:

+: Represents a male individual.

-: Represents a female individual.
|: Indicates a generation gap between generations.
=: Indicates a sibling relationship.
=|: Indicates a couple (double line connecting two individuals).
This chart uses symbols to denote different relationships and roles within a family tree, making it easier
to understand complex family structures when solving blood relation problems.

Examples:

Directions: Analyze the data carefully and answer the questions accordingly.
There are seven members in a family with two married couples and three generations. M is the
brother of L. K is the father of S and son of P. J is the daughter of R, who is a grandmother. S is the
son of L.
How is M related to K?

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Directions: These questions are based on the information given below.

In a family, eight persons are there, of whom there are three couples. Ayub, Bhim, Chintu and
Dada are the men and Elena, Fareeda, Gayatri and Hasini are the women in that family. It is also
known that (i) Hasini is the sister of Fareeda. (ii) Gayatri is the daughter of Bhim. (iii) Chintu is
married to Elena. (iv) Fareeda is the mother-in-law of Ayub. (v) Gayatri’s brother is one among
the four men and he is married. (vi) Hasini is a widow and she has only one child, who is
unmarried.

Who is the father-in-law of Elena?

Option.
A. Ayub
B. Bhim
C. Chintu
D. Dada
E. Can't determine

Bhim is the father-in law of Elena. Hence, the correct option is (B).
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Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:

Eight members are living in a family. Q is the only son of P. T is wife of U. T is sister of Q and R. V
is daughter in law of W. S is son of T. W is the mother of Q.

How many male members are in the family?

Option.
A. Four
B. Five
C. Three
D. Six
E. can't be determined

Q is the only son of P. T is sister of Q and R, T is wife of U. W is mother of Q. V is daughter in law of W. S

is son of T. So, we get.
Final arrangement:

Four male members are there in the family.

Answer the questions based on the information given below.

There are six members A, B, C, D, E and F in the family of three generations. No single parent has
a child. E is daughter in law of C, who is grandfather of F. A is the only son of D, who is not married
to C. F has a sibling.
How is B related to D?
Option.
A. Mother
B. Father
C. Sister
D. Brother
E. Cousin

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1) E is daughter in law of C, who is grandfather of F. A is the only son of D, who is not married to C. F has
a sibling.
2) So, D must be the father of F and A. Also, B must be the wife of C.

Directions : Study the following information carefully and answer the below questions.
In a family of eight members – B, E, G, K, M, P, T, and X form three generations. Two married
couples are there in the family. B’s only daughter G has 375 toffees initially, she took 12 and gives
the remaining to her sibling M. M took 27 toffees and gives the remaining to his father’s sister E.
B is the father-in-law of P’s mother. E took 1/3rd of toffees and gives remaining to T’s mother K.
E again gives 48 toffees to her only sister-in-law X. P is the granddaughter of K, who gives 3/4th
toffees to B. B gives 72 toffees to P. M’s wife took 63 toffees from X’s husband.
Who among the following person have 33 toffees?
Option.
A. Mother of P
B. Father-in-law of T
C. X
D. Both A and C
E. None of these

Based on the above given information we have:

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Answer the questions based on the information given below:

'A % B' means 'A is wife of B',

'A # B' means 'A is brother of B',
'A @ B' means 'B is son of A',
'A & B' means 'A is daughter of B',
'A $ B' means 'A is father of B',
'A ≠ B' means 'B is sister of A'.

If 'M % S @ K # R ≠ J @ N @ T ≠ V % X', then how is R related to T?

Option.
A. Mother
B. Father
C. Grandmother
D. Grandfather
E. Can't be determined

Given statement: M % S @ K # R ≠ J @ N @ T ≠ V % X
After decoding the codes we get,
M % S means M is wife of S. S @ K means K is son of S. K # R means K is brother of R. R ≠ J means J is
sister of R. J @ N means N is son of J. N @ T means T is son of N. T ≠ V means V is sister of T. V % X means
V is the wife of X.
The family tree:

Hence, the gender of R cannot be determined, so we cannot get the exact relation between R and T.

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Practise:
1. Read the following information and answer the questions.
In a family of 8 members N, M, P, Q, R, S, T, U.There are 2 fathers in the family. T is P’s grandson.
R is Q’s sister. N is U’s uncle. There are 2 couples in the family. P is M’s father in law. There are
3 generations in a family. R is unmarried and she has 2 nephews. S is a male member of the
family. R is not in first generation. R is neither a sister of S nor M.
How many females are there in the family?
Option.
A. 3
B. 2
C. 1
D. 0
E. 4

2. Study the information carefully and answer the questions accordingly.

3 = 4 means 3 is the brother of 4
3 % 4 means 3 is the son of 4
3 & 4 means 3 is the sister of 4
3 $ 4 means 3 is the mother of 4
If S = N % P $ J and T is the brother-in-law of S then how P is related to T?
Option.
A. Mother
B. Mother-in-law
C. Aunt
D. Sister
E. None of these

3. Directions: Study the following data carefully and answer the questions accordingly.
Eleven persons from the same family of three generations are visiting the temple one by one
on the same day but at different timings. The one who visits the first is the father of R and the
son of T, who is the brother of L. B visits second from the last and is the father of M, who is not
the sibling of R. Only three persons visit between B and the one who is the son-in-law of B. M
is a female and has only one brother, C. The mother of C visits fifth from the first and
immediately after C. The son of M visits at last whereas M visits three persons before him. V
is the spouse of X, who is the mother of R and visits immediately before M. P is a male and
visits between C and X. R is a female. Only three persons visit between P and R, who visits
immediately after V. The mother of V visits two persons after V and is the aunt of M. Only one
person visits between T and Y, who is a male. D doesn’t visit after C. The one who visits exactly
in the middle among them visits at 9.30 am. The one who visits second from the first visits at
7 am and the one who visits third from the last visits at 11 am.

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How is Y related to B?
Option.
A. Son
B. Brother
C. Grandson
D. Father
E. None of these

4. Study the following information carefully and answer the questions accordingly.
Six people of a family like different colors i.e. Brown, White, Purple, Grey, Black, and Red but
not necessarily in the same order. There are three generations. U is the father of S and likes
White. S is the sister of Q, who likes Grey. T is the sister-in-law of S. The daughter-in-law of U
does not like Black. One of them is V. The grandmother of R likes Red. R likes Purple and is
not the niece of S.
Who likes Red?
Option.
A. R
B. V
C. Q
D. S
E. None of these

5. Read the information and answer the given questions.

Ten persons - A, I, O, E, L, M, U, G, P, and S belong to the same family. There are three
generations and three married couples. They recharged their mobile network for different
amounts. The persons whose name is a vowel letter are recharged the amount which is
divisible by five and the persons whose name is consonant letter are recharged the amount
which is an odd number but not divisible by five. P is the mother of E who is the grandson of
M. G is the brother-in-law of the one who recharged for 100rs. M is not a parent of P. S is sister-
in-law of P, vice versa. Neither S nor G has siblings. I is the only son of L who is the mother-in-
law of G. E is nephew of I and recharged one-fourth of the amount of his uncle. A’s son is
recharged twice that of A who is the father-in-law of S. U is the daughter of the one who is the
son of L who has only two children. O is the brother-in-law of the A, vice versa. O is the
maternal uncle of S’s spouse. U and M are of the same gender. I’s spouse recharged for 63rs.
One of the persons from first-generation is recharged for 75rs. M recharged 3rs less than the
spouse of L. The sum of the amount recharged by M and O is one rupee more than the
recharging amount of I’s sister. The persons who are recharged for 30rs and 199rs are not
from the first generation. The difference between the amount recharged by G and I is equal
to the amount that L recharged.

What is the sum of the amount spent by O, S, and U?

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Option.
A. 165
B. 160
C. 168
D. 164
E. 162

6. Directions: Study the following data carefully and answer the questions accordingly.
There are 8 members A, B, C, D, E, F, G & H are present in a family. B gave Rs 10,000 to E who
is F's only daughter. E took Rs 1500 & gave rest to A who is C's daughter-in-law. A took Rs
2000 & gave rest to F's only granddaughter H. H took Rs 300 & gave rest to her cousin D. D
took Rs 800 & gave rest to E's father C. C took Rs 1750 & gave rest to F. F took Rs 380 & gave
rest to B's brother-in-law G.
(suppose either both or none of the parents of a person is alive.)
Now,
A + B means A is brother of B
A - B means B is wife of A
A * B mean A is sister of B
A % B means A is son of B
Which of the following option is definitely true based on above blood relation?
I. D % B -E, G's nephew gave Rs 5400 to H's maternal grandfather
II. D % G - E, B's nephew gave Rs 5400 to H's paternal grandfather
III. E * B % C, C's wife took Rs 1750.
Option.
A. None of these
B. Either (I) or (II)
C. Either (II) or (III)
D. Either (I) or (III)
E. Both (I) and (II)

FAQs
What are blood relation questions in reasoning exams? Blood relation questions in reasoning exams
involve analyzing familial relationships based on given information. Candidates are required to deduce
relationships such as parent-child, sibling, grandparent-grandchild, etc., using logical reasoning.
1. How should I approach solving blood relation questions? Start by understanding the given
information and draw a family tree diagram if necessary. Use the provided relationships to
deduce new connections logically. Pay attention to keywords like "father," "mother," "son,"
"daughter," etc., to correctly identify relationships.
2. What are the common types of blood relation questions? Common types include pointing or
introducing questions (where one person points to another and describes their relationship),

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family tree questions (where relationships between various family members are provided), and
coded relation questions (where relationships are represented by symbols or codes).
3. What strategies can help solve blood relation questions faster?
○ Diagrammatic Approach: Drawing a family tree can visually represent relationships.
○ Keyword Identification: Quickly identify keywords like "brother," "sister,"
"grandfather," etc., to establish connections.
○ Elimination Method: Eliminate impossible options based on gender or existing family
structures.
4. How can I improve my proficiency in solving blood relation questions? Practice regularly
using mock tests and previous year question papers to familiarize yourself with different types
of blood relation questions. Focus on understanding the logical patterns behind familial
relationships and practice drawing family trees quickly to enhance your speed and accuracy.

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