FADING
const int ledPin=2;
void loop() {
for (int fadeValue = 0; fadeValue <= 255; fadeValue += 5) {
analogWrite(ledPin, fadeValue);
delay(30);
for (int fadeValue = 255; fadeValue >= 0; fadeValue-= 5) {
analogWrite(ledPin, fadeValue);
delay(30);
ANALOGREAD INPUT
#define potPin A0
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Reading voltage from potentiometer...");
void loop() {
int sensorValue = analogRead(potPin);
float voltage = (sensorValue * 5.0) / 1023;
Serial.print("Analog Value: ");
Serial.print(sensorValue);
Serial.print(" | Voltage: ");
Serial.print(voltage);
Serial.println(" V");
delay(500);
BUTTON
const int led = 8;
const int button = 9;
void setup() {
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
pinMode(button, INPUT);
void loop() {
int reads = digitalRead(button);
digitalWrite(led, reads);
RELAY
int relay = 13;
void setup() {
pinMode(relay, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(relay, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(relay, LOW);
delay(1000);
PIR
#define pirPin 2
#define ledPin 11
void setup() {
pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("PIR Motion Sensor Ready");
void loop() {
int val = digitalRead(pirPin);
if (val == HIGH) {
Serial.println("Motion detected!");
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
delay(1000);
}
ULRASONIC
const int trigPin = 9;
const int echoPin = 6;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
void loop() {
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
long duration = pulseIn(echoPin, H1CH);
float distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;
Serial.print("Distance: ");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println("cm");
delay(100);
}
SEVEN SEGMENT
int segment[]={2,3,4,5,6,7,9};
int dp=8;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++) {
pinMode(segment[i], OUTPUT);
void loop() {
for(int i=0;i<6;i++) {
digitalWrite(segment[i],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(segment[1],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[2],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
}
digitalWrite(segment[0],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[1],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[6],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[3],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[4],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(segment[0],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[1],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[6],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[2],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[3],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(segment[1],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[6],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[5],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[4],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(segment[0],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[5],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[6],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[2],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[3],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(segment[0],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[4],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[2],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[3],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[5], HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[6], HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(segment[0],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[1],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[2],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
digitalWrite(segment[0],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[2],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[1],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[3],HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[5], HIGH);
digitalWrite(segment[6], HIGH);
delay(1000);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++){
digitalWrite(segment[i],LOW);
for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
digitalWrite(dp, HIGH);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(dp, LOW);
delay(500);
}
delay(1000);
JOYSTIC
const int joyXPin = A0;
const int joyYPin = A1;
const int joyButtonPin = 10;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(joyButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
Serial.println("Joystick Coordinates Monitor");
Serial.println("XtYtButton");
Serial.println("---");
void loop() {
int xValue = analogRead(joyXPin);
int yValue = analogRead(joyYPin);
int buttonState = digitalRead(joyButtonPin);
Serial.print(xValue);
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.print(yValue);
Serial.print("\t");
Serial.println(buttonState);
delay(200);
DHT11
#include <DHT.h>
#define DHTPIN 2
#define DHTTYPE DHT11
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
dht.begin();
void loop() {
delay(2000);
float temperature = dht.readTemperature();
float humidity = dht.readHumidity();
if (isnan(temperature) || isnan(humidity)) {
Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
return;
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperature);
Serial.print("°C | Humidity: ");
Serial.print(humidity);
Serial.println("%");
KEYPAD
#include <keypad.h>
const byte ROWS = 4;
const byte COLS = 4;
char keys[ROWS][COLS] = {
{'1','2','3','A'),
{'4','5','6','B'),
{'7','8','9','C'),
{'*','0','#','D'}
};
byte rowPins[ROWS] = {2,3,4,5};
byte colPins[COLS] = {6,7,8,9};
Keypad keypad = Keypad(makeKeymap(keys), rowPins, colPins, ROWS, COLS);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
char key = keypad.getKey();
if (key) {
Serial.print("Pressed Key: ");
Serial.println(key);
LCD
#include <liquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
void setup() {
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.print("Hello, WORLD!");
void loop() {