Name: ________________________________ Grade & Section: _______________ Date: ______________ Score: ____________
ACTIVITY SHEET IN SCIENCE 10
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
(DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation)
PART A. Read and analyze the paragraph below.
Protein synthesis is the process used by the body to
make proteins. The first step of protein synthesis is called
transcription. It occurs in the nucleus. During transcription,
mRNA transcribes (copies) DNA. DNA is “unzipped” and the mRNA
strand copies a strand of DNA. Once it does this, mRNA leaves the
nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm. mRNA will then attach itself
to a ribosome. The strand of mRNA is then read in order to make
protein in the process called translation. They are read 3 bases at
a time. These bases are called codons. tRNA is the fetching puppy.
It brings the amino acids to the ribosome to help make the protein.
The 3 bases on tRNA are called anti-codons. Remember, amino
acids are the building blocks for protein. On the mRNA strand,
there are start and stop codons. Your body knows where to start
and stop making certain proteins. Just like when we read a
sentence, we know when to start reading by the capitalized word
and when to stop by the period.
PART B. Answer the following questions provided.
1. What is the first step of protein synthesis?
2. What is the second step of protein synthesis?
3. Where does the first step of protein synthesis occur?
4. Where does the second step of protein synthesis occur?
5. How many nitrogenous bases are read bases at a time?
6. The bases on the mRNA strand are called _____________.
7. The bases on tRNA are called _____________.
8. What is the start codon?
9. What are the stop codons?
10. A bunch of amino acids attached together is called a ___________________.
PART C. Use your codon chart/wheel to determine the amino acid sequence. Remember to read through the
strand and ONLY start on AUG and STOP when it tells you to stop.
DNA TAA ACT CGG TAC CTA GCT TAG ATC TTA CCC ATG
mRNA
Protein
DNA AGA ACA TAA TAC CTC TTA ACA CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA CGA ATT
mRNA
Protein
DNA CCT CTT TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC ACT TCT ATG ATA ACA CGG TTG CGA
mRNA
Protein
DNA TAC CTT AGT TAT CCA TTG ACT CGA ATT GTG CGC TTG CTG ATC CGA CCC
mRNA AUG UCA AAC UAA CAC
Protein Glu Asn Stop Gly
