SIDDHARTHA ACADEMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION

(an Institution Deemed to be University),

Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha School of Engineering
SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION FOR TWO YEAR PG PROGRAMME [M.Tech 25]
M.Tech in Signal Processing and Communication

SEMESTER I

CONTACT HOURS: 26
S. Course Code
No Course Category Title of the Course L T P C
1 Programme Core – I 25ECSC501 FPGA based System Design (Integrated) 2 0 2 3
2 Programme Core - II 25ECSC502 ARM Controllers & Embedded C Programming 3 0 0 3
3 Programme Core - III 25ECSC503 Advanced Digital Communications 3 0 0 3
25ECSC504A Detection and Estimation Theory
4 Programme Elective – I 3 0 0 3
25ECSC504B VLSI signal processing
25ECSC505A RF Engineering
5 Programme Elective - II 3 0 0 3
25ECSC505B Internet of Things for Real time systems
Mandatory Learning 25ECUC501 Research Methodology and IPR 2 0 0 -
6 Course
Mathematical Foundations for Communication
Audit Course 25ECUC502 2 0 0 -
7 Engineers
8 Laboratory – I 25ECSC581 Digital Communication Lab 0 0 3 1.5
9 Laboratory - II 25ECSC582 Embedded Systems Design (ARM) Lab 0 0 3 1.5
Total 18 0 8 18

SEMESTER II

CONTACT HOURS: 26
S. Course Code
No Course Category Title of the Course L T P C
25ECSC506 RTOS, Linux Shell Scripting and Embedded
Programme Core - IV 2 0 2 3
1 Linux Device Drivers (Integrated)
2 Programme Core - V 25ECSC507 Advanced Wireless and 5G Communication 3 0 0 3
3 Programme Core - VI 25ECSC508 Advanced DSP, Image and Video Processing 3 0 0 3
4 Programme Core - VI I 25ECSC509 Software Defined Radios 3 0 0 3
25ECSC510A Information theory and coding
56 Programme Elective – III 3 0 0 3
25ECSC510B RF IC Design
25ECSC511A Radar Systems
Programme Elective - IV 2 0 0 2
25ECSC511B Communication buses and Interfaces
7 Laboratory – I 25ECSC583 Real Time Operating Systems Lab 0 0 3 1.5
8 Laboratory - II 25ECSC584 Wireless Communication Lab 0 0 3 1.5
9 Term Paper 25ECSC591 Term Paper 0 0 2 1
Total 16 0 10 21
 SEMESTER III
CONTACT HOURS: 27
S. Course Code
No Course Category Title of the Course L T P C
1 Programme Elective - V 25ECSC601 Mobile Networks (self learning) 3 0 0 3
Internship/Summer Training at Avantel Limited
2 Internship 25ECSC691 0 0 4 2
( After II Sem)
3 Project (Part-A) 25ECSC692 Dissertation/ Industrial Project - Part A 0 0 20 10
Total 3 0 24 15

*To be continued in the IV Semester

Program Elective V may be completed in semester I or II by satisfying the pre-
requisites

SEMESTER IV

CONTACT HOURS: 32
S. Course Code
No Course Category Title of the Course L T P C
Project
1 25ECSC693 Dissertation/ Industrial Project 0 0 32 16
(Part-B)
Total 0 0 32 16
 25ECSC501: FPGA Based System Design (Integrated)
Course Category: Program Core-I Credits: 3

Course Type: Integrated course Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 2-0-2

Prerequisites: Continuous Evaluation: 40

Semester end Evaluation: 60
Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

outcomes Use sequential and combinational design techniques to implement

CO1
digital systems

Implement a digital design in Verilog HDL, behavioural and dataflow

CO2
modelling.

Compare different implementations in terms of timing and hardware

CO3
resources

CO4 Discuss the FPGA architecture and process flow.

CO5 Design and implement system on FPGA using IP Blocks.

Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5

of Course
Outcomes CO1 3 2 2 1
towards
achievement CO2 2 3 1 1
of Program
Outcomes CO3 2 3 3 1

(1 – Low, 2 - CO4 3 2 2 1
Medium, 3 –
High) CO5 3 3 1 1

Course UNIT - I:
Content
System Design using Verilog HDL: HDLs, Verilog description of
combinational circuits, Modules, Assignments, Procedural Assignments,
always block, Delays, Compilation, simulations and synthesis, Variables,
datatypes, operators and language constructs, Behavioural and structural
Verilog, Constants arrays and loops, Verification and testbenches, Functions
and tasks, File I/O, Multivalued Logic and signal resolution

UNIT - II:

Digital System Design: Top-down Approach to Design, Data Path, Control

Path, Controller behaviour and Design, Design Examples - BCD Adder,
Traffic Light Controller, Binary Multiplier & Divider.

UNIT – III:

Programmable Devices: Overview of Programmable Devices, CPLDs,

FPGAs – Implementing functions using FPGAs, Architectures of
Commercial FPGAs Xilinx, Intel - Altera and Atmel, Carry Chains and
Cascade chains, Logic Blocks, Dedicated memories and ALUs, Cost of
programmability, Maximum gates vs usable gates, Synthesis, mapping,
placement and routing, Timing analysis and timing constraints. I/O
constraints.

UNIT – IV:

Embedded System Design Using FPGAs: Embedded cores in FPGAs, hard

vs soft core processors, C-to-RTL High Level Synthesis, Hardware Software
codesign, Case Study: System Design using Microblaze softcore processor
and Xilinx Embedded Design Kit (EDK), peripherals, developing software
applications on microblaze.

UNIT – V:

Case Study: Xilinx Zynq SOCs, Programmable Logic and Processor

Systems, High Level Synthesis using Xilinx Vivado HLS, Creating a
complete system using built-in ARM Cortex processor and an IP blocks in
PL.

Experiments using FPGA

(Artix-7 FPGA Development Board or Equivalent)

1. Design and implement a 4/8-bit counter on a Xilinx FPGA using

Vivado .
2. Creating a system (hardware and software) that can output a simple
message via the UART and blink LEDs on the board.
3. Write a C program and run it on a single processor system, based on a
MicroBlaze soft core, using the available Xilinx FPGA platform.
4. Create a simple ARM Cortex based processor system through Vivado
and IP integrator on available Xilinx FPGA platform.
5. Create an ARM Cortex based processor system through Vivado and
IP integrator with two GPIO IPs in Programmable logic (PL).
6. Create a custom IP and adding it in the PL of the previously created
processor system.
Write a basic software application using SDK and verify its functionality on
the developed processor system in the Xilinx FPGA platform.
Text books 1. Charles H. Roth Jr. Lizy Kurian John, Beyeong Kil Lee, “Digital
and Systems Design Using Verilog”, CL Engineering, 1st edition, 2015.
Reference 2. Samir Palnitkar, “Verilog HDL”, Pearson Education, 2nd edition, 2004
3. Charles H. Roth Jr, “Fundamentals of Logic Design”, CL Engineering,
books
7th edition, 2013.
4. John F. Wakerly, “Digital Design - Principles and Practices”, Pearson,
4th edition, 2008.
5. W. Wolf, “FPGA- based System Design”, Pearson, 1st edition, 2004.
6. D. Gajski, S. Abdi, A. Gerstlauer, G. Schirner, Embedded System
Design: Modeling, Synthesis, Verification, Springer, 2009.
7. Steve Kilts, “Advanced FPGA Design: Architecture,
Implementation, and Optimization”, Wiley-IEEE Press, 1st edition,
2007 .
8. J. Bhasker, “A Verilog HDL Primer”, Star Galaxy Publishing, 3rd
edition, 2005.
9. Xilinx FPGA user guides and University Program Course materials
E-resources
and other
digital
material

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO
 25ECSC502: ARM Controllers for Embedded C Programming
Course Category: Programme Core - II Credits: 3
Course Type: Theory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 3-0-0
Prerequisites: Continuous Evaluation: 40
Semester end Evaluation: 60
Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Outcomes
CO1 Understand and analyze the design aspects, Architecture, and
instruction set associated with ARM processors.
CO2 Analyze the C programming optimization methods for ARM
processor.
CO3 Apply the concepts of UART, ADC, and DAC to Peripherals
Analyze the Memory Protection Units, Memory Management Units
CO4 around ARM, and GPIO Pins, Interrupt handling, and Timers
concepts

CO5 Design and implementation of embedded case study with serial

protocols
Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5
of Course
Outcomes
CO1 2 2 1
towards
achievement
CO2 3 2 2 1
of Program
Outcomes
CO3 2 2 1
(1 – Low, 2-
Medium, 3 – CO4 3 3 2 1
High)
CO5 3 3 1
Course UNIT - I:
Content ARM Processor Fundamentals: ARM Design Philosophy, Registers, CPSR,
Pipeline, Exceptions, Interrupts and Vector Table, Core Extensions.
Introduction to the ARM Instruction Set: Data Processing Instructions, Branch
Instructions, Load –Store Instructions, Software Interrupt Instruction, PSR
Instructions.
Introduction to the Thumb Instruction Set: Thumb Register Usage, Branch
Instructions, Data Processing Instructions, Load-Store Instructions, Stack
instructions, Software Interrupt Instruction.
UNIT - II:
Efficient C Programming: Basic C Data Types, C Looping Structures, Register
Allocation, Function Calls, Structure Arrangement.
Writing and Optimizing ARM Assembly Code: Writing Assembly Code,
Profiling and Cycle Counting, Instruction Scheduling, Register Allocation,
Conditional Execution, Looping Constructs.
UNIT - III:
Exception and Interrupt Handling: Exception Handling, Interrupts, Interrupt
Handling Schemes
Caches : The Memory Hierarchy and Cache Memory, Cache Architecture, Cache
Policy, Flushing and Cleaning Cache Memory.
Memory Protection Units : Protected Regions, Initializing the MPU, Caches and
Write Buffer.
Memory Management Units: Moving from an MPU to an MMU, How Virtual
Memory Works, Details of the ARM MMU, Page Tables, Translation Lookaside
Buffer, Domains And Memory Access Permission, The Fast Context Switch
Extension
UNIT – IV:
Introduction: Definition of Embedded Systems, Real life examples of embedded
systems, Basics of Developing for Embedded Systems

ARM Instruction set Architecture: ARM Cortex-M Organization, Arithmetic,

Logical and Shift instructions, Data Movement Instructions, Branch instructions,
Program Status register, Bitwise logic operations, Sign and Zero extension, Data
Comparison, Memory addressing, Branch and conditional execution, Control
structures, Subroutines, 64-bit data processing.

GPIO: GPIO Input Modes, GPIO Output Modes, Memory-mapped I/O, Push
button, Programming exercises on GPIO and Push-button

UNIT-V:

General-purpose Timers: Clock Configuration, Timer Organization, and Counting

Modes, Timer Update Events, PWM Registers, Configuration and initialization of
PWM block, Programming exercises on the selection of clock source, Timer’s
 concept, and PWM
UART: UART Block, UART Registers, UART baud rate calculation,
Configuration and initialization of UART
ADC/DAC: ADC & DAC registers, pin configuration, ADC modes, Configuring
ADC and DAC module, Programming exercises on ADC and DAC
Interfacing: Keypad, LCD, and Seven segment display interfacing with ARM
Cortex-M3 Microcontroller
Inter-Integrated Circuit (12C): I2C operating modes, Configuration of I2C,
Interface a sensor using I2C protocol
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI): SPI Modes, Master operation, Slave operation,
Configuration of SPI
Case Study: Smart Home-Smart Door Locks and Interface a temperature sensor
with an I2C Module to measure the room temperature.

Text books Text Books:

and
Reference 1. A.Sloss, D.Symes, C.Wright, “ARM system Developers Guide: Designing
books and Optimizing System Software”, Morgan Kaufmann publishers, 2012.
2. Dr. Yifeng Zhu “Embedded Systems with ARM Cortex-M Microcontrollers
in Assembly and C” Third edition, 2018
Reference Books:
1. Steve Furber, “ARM System on Chip Architecture”, 2nd ed., Addison
Wesley Professional,2000.
2. Valvano, J,”Embedded microcomputer systems: real time interfacing”, 3rd
Edition, Cengage Learning, 2011.
3. Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, “Embedded System Design”, J Wiley
India,2005.
4. Ariel Lutenberg, Pablo Gomez, Eric Pernia “A Beginner’s Guide to
Designing Embedded System Applications on Arm Cortex-M
Microcontrollers”
5. Qing Li, Caroline Yao “Real-time concepts for Embedded Systems” CMP
books.

E-resources 1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106105193/
and other 2. https://www.arm.com/resources/education/education-kits/efficient-
digital embedded-systems
material 3. https://www.keil.com/dd/docs/datashts/philips/lpc17xx_um.pdf
4. https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/datasheet/LPC1769_68_67_66_65_64_63.pd
f
5. https://www.nxp.com/downloads/en/schematics/LPCXpresso-LPC1769-
CMSIS-DAP.pdf

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO
 25ECSC503: Advanced Digital Communications
Course Category: Programme Elective - I Credits: 3
Course Type: Theory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 3-0-0
Prerequisites: Continuous Evaluation: 40
Semester end Evaluation: 60
Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Outcomes
CO1 Design optimum receivers for digital modulation techniques

Compare the various modulation schemes from the point of view of

CO2
bandwidth, circuit complexity and noise performance

CO3 Determine the probability of error for a given scheme

Analyze the probability of error in detection of PAM, Modulation codes for

CO4
spectrum shaping

Design an equalizer in the context of band-limited linear filter

CO5
channels

Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5

of Course
Outcomes
towards CO1 3 2 1 1
achievement
of Program CO2 2 1 1 1
Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2- CO3 3 2 2 2
Medium, 3 – CO4 3 2 1 2
High)
CO5 2 2 2 2
Course UNIT - I:
Content Elements of a Digital Communication System, mathematical models for
communication channels, Communication channels and their characteristics.
Representation of bandpass signals and system, Signal space representations.
Representation of digitally modulated signals, Memoryless modulation methods-
Pulse Amplitude Modulation, Phase Modulation schemes, Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation, Multi-dimensional signalling - Spectral characteristics of Digitally
modulated signals.
UNIT - II:
Optimum receiver for signals corrupted by AWGN, Performance of the optimum
 receiver for memoryless modulation, Optimum receiver for CPM signals and signals
with random phase in AWGN channel.
UNIT - III:
Signal parameter estimation, Carrier phase estimation, Symbol timing estimation,
Joint estimation of carrier phase and symbol timing, Performance characteristics of
ML estimators.
UNIT - IV:
Characterization of band-limited channels, Signal design for band-limited channels,
Probability of error in detection of PAM, Modulation codes for spectrum shaping.
Optimum Receiver for channels with ISI and AWGN, Linear equalization, Decision
feedback equalization, Reduced complexity ML detectors, Iterative equalization and
decoding-Turbo equalization.
UNIT - V:
Multicarrier Systems: Multi Carrier Communications, Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Modulation and Demodulation of OFDM system,
Algorithm implementation IFFT/FFT of OFDM, Peak to average Power Ratio in
multi carrier Modulation

Text books Text Books:

and
Reference 1. J.G. Proakis, ' Digital communications' , MGH, 4th edition, 2001
books 2. Upamanyu Madhow, 'Fundamentals of Digital Communication', Cambridge
University Press
3. Michael Rice, Digital Communications: A Discrete-Time Approach,
Prentice Hall,

E-resources
and other
digital
material

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO
 25ECSC504A: Detection and Estimation Theory
Course Category: Programme Core - III Credits: 3
Course Type: Theory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 3-0-0
Prerequisites: Continuous Evaluation: 40
Semester end Evaluation: 60
Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Outcomes
Apply discrete-time and continuous-time signal theory to estimate the
CO1
signal parameters.
Extract useful information from random observations in
CO2
communications.

CO3 Design and analyze optimum detection schemes.

Understand different estimation schemes such as ML, LSE and

CO4
MMSE estimators.
CO5 Design the filters for signal detection and estimations
Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5
of Course
Outcomes
towards CO1 2 2 1
achievement
of Program CO2 2 1 1
Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2- CO3 3 2 2
Medium, 3 – CO4 2 2 2
High)
CO5 2 3 1
Course UNIT - I:
Content
Detection theory

Introduction: Detection Theory in Signal Processing; the Detection Problem; the

mathematical Detection Problem; Hierarchy of Detection Problems; Role of
Asymptotics; Summary of Important PDFs (Fundamental Probability Density
Functions); Monte Carlo Performance Evaluation, Number of required Monte Carlo
trials.

Statistical Decision Theory: Neyman-Pearson Theorem; Receiver Operating

Characteristics; Minimum Probability of Error (ML, MAP, Baye’s); Multiple
Hypothesis Testing.
UNIT - II:

Deterministic Signals: Matched Filters – Development of Detector, Performance of

Matched Filter; Multiple Signals – Binary case, Performance of Binary Case, M-ary
case.

Random Signals: Estimator-Correlator – Energy Detector; Linear Model –

Rayleigh Fading Sinusoid, Incoherent FSK for a Multipath Channel; Signal
Processing Example – Tapped Delay Line Channel Model

UNIT - III:

ESTIMATION THEORY

Introduction: Estimation in Signal Processing; Mathematical Estimation Problem;

Assessing Estimator Performance.

Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimation: Unbiased Estimators; Minimum

Variance Criterion; Existence of the Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator;
Finding the Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator.

Cramer-Rao Lower Bound: Estimator Accuracy Considerations; Cramer-Rao

Lower Bound; General CRLB for Signals in WGN; Extension to a Vector
Parameter; Signal Processing Examples – Range Estimation, Sinusoidal Parameter
Estimation).

Linear Models: Definition and Properties; Linear Model Examples – Curve Fitting,
Fourier Analysis, System Identification.

UNIT - IV:

General Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimation: Sufficient Statistics; Finding

Sufficient Statistics; Using Sufficiency to Find the MUV Estimator.

Best Linear Unbiased Estimators: Definition of the BLUE; Finding the BLUE.
Maximum Likelihood Estimation: Example – DC Level in WGN; Finding the
MLE; Properties of the MLE; MLE for Transformed Parameters.

Least Squares Estimation: The Least Squares Approach; Linear Least Squares;
Order Recursive Least Squares.

UNIT - V:

The Bayesian Philosophy: Prior Knowledge and Estimation, Nuisance parameters

General Bayesian Estimators: Risk Function; Minimum Mean Square Error

Estimators; Maximum A Posteriori Estimators.

Kalman Filters and Wiener Filters: Introduction, Summary, Dynamic signal

models, Scalar Kalman filter, Kalman versus Wiener filter.
Text books Text Books:
and
Reference 1. Steven M. Kay, “Fundamentals of Statistical signal processing, volume-1:
books Estimation theory”. Prentice Hall 2011.

2. Steven M. Kay, “Fundamentals of Statistical signal processing, volume-2:

Detection theory”. Prentice Hall 2011.

3. Harry L. Van Trees, “Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory, Part I,”
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2011.

4. A. Papoulis and S. Unnikrishna Pillai, “Probability, Random Variables and

stochastic processes, 4e”. The McGraw-Hill 2010.

E-resources
and other
digital
material

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO
 25ECSC505B: Internet of Things for Real Time Systems

Course Category: Program Elective -II Credits: 3

Course Type: Theory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 3-0-0

Prerequisites: UG Embedded Systems Continuous Evaluation: 40

Semester end Evaluation: 60

Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

outcomes Identify and explain IoT protocols, enabling technologies, and

CO1
communication models. [K2].

Design and implement IoT systems using a structured methodology

CO2
[K3].

CO3 Develop programming skills in Python. [K3]

CO4 Develop IoT applications and projects using Raspberry Pi. [K3]

CO5 Analyze real-world case studies representing diverse IoT applications

[K4].

Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5

of Course
Outcomes CO1 2
towards CO2
achievement 2
of Program CO3 2 2
Outcomes
CO4 2 3
(1 – Low, 2 -
Medium, 3 – CO5
High) 3 3

Course UNIT - I: Introduction to IoT (9 Hrs)

Content Introduction: Definition & Characteristics of IoT, Physical Design of loT,
Things in loT, loT Protocols, Logical Design of IoT, loT Functional Blocks,
loT Communication Models, loT Communication API’s, loT Enabling
Technologies, Wireless Sensor Networks, Cloud Computing, Big Data
Analytics, Communication Protocols, Embedded Systems
Domain Specific IoTs: Introduction, Home Automation, Cities,
Environment, Energy, Retail, Logistics, Agriculture, Industry, Health &
Lifestyle.
 UNIT - II: IoT and M2M (9 Hrs)
IoT and M2M- Introduction, M2M, Difference between IoT and M2M,
SDN and NFV for IoT, Software Defined Networking, Network Function
Virtualization.
LoT Platforms Design Methodology- Introduction, loT Design
Methodology, Case Study on loT System for Weather Monitoring
UNIT - III: IoT Systems – Logic Design using Python. (9 Hrs)
Introduction to Python, Python Data types & Data Structures, Control flow,
functions, Modules, Packages, File Input/output, Date/Time Operations,
Classes.
UNIT - IV: loT Physical Devices & Endpoints (9 Hrs)
loT Physical Devices & Endpoints - Basic building blocks of a loT Device,
Exemplary Device: Raspberry PI, Raspberry PI Interfaces, serial, SPI, I2C,
Programming Raspberry Pi with Python, Controlling LED with Raspberry Pi,
Interfacing an LED and Switch with Raspberry Pi, Interfacing LDR with
Raspberry Pi.
UNIT - V: Case Studies illustrating IoT Design (9 Hrs)
Introduction, Home Automation, Smart lighting, home intrusion detection,
Cities, smart parking, Environment, weather monitoring system, weather
reporting bot, air pollution monitoring, forest fire detection, Agriculture,
smart irrigation.
Text books Textbooks:
and 1. Arshdeep Bahga, Vijay Madisetti, Internet of Things A Hands-on
Reference Approach, Universities press (India) Pvt. Ltd, 2023.
References:
books
1. Rajkumar Buyya, Amir Vahid Dastjerdi, and Syed Shahrestani,
“Internet of Things: Principles and Paradigms”, Morgan Kaufmann
Publishers, 2016.
2. Maciej Kranz, “Building the Internet of Things: Implement New
Business Models, Disrupt Competitors, Transform Your Industry”,
Jhon Wiley & Sons publishers, 2016.
3. Brian Russell and Drew Van Duren, “Practical Internet of Things
Security”, PACKT publishers, 2016.
E-resources a. https://www.i-scoop.eu/internet-of-things-guide/
and other b. https://www.postscapes.com/internet-of-things-protocols/
digital c. https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/internet-of-things
material d. https://www.link-labs.com/blog/iot-vs-m2m
e. https://www.sdxcentral.com/sdn/definitions/what-the-definition-of-
software-defined-networking-sdn/
f. https://www.networkworld.com/article/3238446/what-is-nfv-network-
functions-virtualization-explained.html
g. https://www.learnpython.org/en/Control_Flow
h. https://realpython.com/python3-object-oriented-programming/
i. https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/python/
j. https://www.smarthome.com.au/smarthome-case-studies
k. https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/news/news/smart-city-case-studies-
4449
 l. https://www.hackster.io/projects/environmental-monitoring
m. https://www.iotforall.com/smart-agriculture-iot

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator

Program Coordinator

Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO

 25ECUC501: Research Methodology and IPR
Course Category: Mandatory Learning Credits: 0
Course

Course Type: Theory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 2-0-0

Prerequisites: - Continuous Evaluation: 40

Semester end Evaluation: 60

Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

outcomes Demonstrate proficiency in formulating research problems, applying

CO1 scientific methods, and understanding the significance of research
methodology in academic and professional settings. [K2]
Achieve proficiency in critically reviewing literature, enhancing
CO2 research methodologies, and designing effective research studies that
contribute to knowledge broadening and contextual
understanding. [K2]
Gain proficiency in designing reliable sampling strategies, applying
CO3 measurement scales, and executing data collection methods to
minimize errors and enhance research validity.[K2]
CO4 Conduct hypothesis tests, interpret test statistics, and utilize data
analysis methods to enhance research validity. [K2]
CO5 Interpret research results, write impactful reports, and apply
knowledge of intellectual property rights to research practices. [K2]
Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5
of Course
Outcomes CO1 2 2
towards CO2 2 2
achievement
of Program CO3 2 2
Outcomes
CO4 1 2
(1 – Low, 2 -
Medium, 3 – CO5 2 2
High)

Course Unit 1: Research Methodology: and Research Problem (5 Hrs)

Content
 Introduction to Research Methodology: Meaning, Objectives,
Motivation, Approaches, Significance, and Scientific Methods.
 Research Process: Steps, Criteria of Good Research, and Common
Problems Encountered by Researchers in India.
 Defining the Research Problem: Selecting and Defining the Problem,
 Techniques, and Illustration.
Unit 2: Literature Review and Research Design (5 Hrs)

 Reviewing the Literature: Importance, Methodology Improvement,

Knowledge Broadening, and Contextual Findings.
 Research Design: Meaning, Need, Features of a Good Design,
Concepts, Basic Principles, and Experimental Designs.
Unit 3: Sampling Design , Data Collection, ICT Tools and Techniques in
Research: (5 Hrs)

 Design of Sampling: Introduction, Sample Design, Sampling and

Non-sampling Errors, Sample vs. Census Survey.
 Measurement and Scaling: Qualitative and Quantitative Data,
Measurement Scales, Goodness, and Sources of Error.
 Data Collection: Experimental and Surveys, Primary and Secondary
Data Collection, Case Study Method.
 Software for Reference Management (Zotero/ Mendeley), detecting
Plagiarism, Research search Engines
Unit 4: Hypothesis Testing and Data Analysis(5 Hrs)

 Testing of Hypotheses: Concepts, Hypothesis Testing, Test Statistics,

Critical Region, Value and Decision Rule, Procedure.
 Data Analysis: Techniques and Tools for Analyzing Collected Data.
Unit 5: Interpretation, Report Writing, and Intellectual Property (5
Hrs)
 Interpretation and Report Writing: Meaning, techniques, precautions,
and significance of report writing.
 Intellectual Property: Concept, system in India, development of
TRIPS complied regime, Patents Act, Trade Mark Act, Designs Act,
Geographical Indications, Copyright Act, Trade Secrets, Utility
Models, WTO, Paris Convention, National Treatment, Right of
Priority, Common Rules, PCT, and TRIPS Agreement.
Text books Textbooks:
and 1. Research methodology: Methods and Techniques, C.R. Kothari,
Reference Gaurav Garg, New Age International, 4th Edition, 2018.
2. Research Methodology a step-by-step guide for beginners. Ranjit
books
Kumar, SAGE Publications Ltd.,3rd Edition, 2011
3. Study Material, Professional Programme Intellectual Property Rights,
Law and Practice, The Institute of Company Secretaries of India,
Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament, September 2013.
References:
1. An introduction to Research Methodology, Garg B.L et al ,RBSA
Publishers 2002
2. An Introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis Anderson T.W,
Wiley 3rd Edition,
3. Research Methodology, Sinha, S.C, Dhiman, EssEss
Publications2002
4. Research Methods: the concise knowledge base ,Trochim ,Atomic
Dog Publishing ,2005
5. How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper, Day R.A, Cambridge
 University Press 1992
6. Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From the Internet to Paper,
Fink A, Sage Publications, 2009
7. Proposal Writing, Coley S.M. Scheinberg, C.A, Sage Publications,
1990
8. Intellectual Property Rights in the Global Economy, Keith Eugene
Maskus, Institute for International Economics
E-resources 1. https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/scientific-method
and other 2. https://www.geophysik.uni-
digital muenchen.de/~valerian/Scientific_Working/SRMTunit2.pdf
material 3. https://hmhub.in/3rd-4th-sem-research-methodology-notes/criteria-of-
good-research/
4. https://researcher.life/blog/article/what-is-a-research-problem-types-and-
examples/
5. https://www.questionpro.com/blog/data-collection-methods/
6. https://southcampus.uok.edu.in/Files/Link/DownloadLink/RM%20U2%
20P2.pdf
7. https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/psychology/cognition/form
ulation-of-hypothesis
8. https://www.aimlaywriting.com/significance-of-research-report-writing/
9. https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=7045cf52-4a2c-465f-
980b-b5af034e2064
10. https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/india-protecting-
intellectual-property

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO
 25ECUC502: Mathematical Foundations for Communication Engineers

Course Category: Program Elective-V Credits: 2

Course Type Theory Lecture-Tutorial-Practice: 2-0-0
Prerequisites: --- Continuous Evaluation: -
Semester end Evaluation: 100
Total Marks: 100

Course The courses under this category shall carry three credits and must have a
Content minimum duration of 12 weeks/36 hours. The department will recommend
the self-learning courses from the available open courseware. The self-
learning courses shall be taken from the list of approved MOOCs providers
(SWAYAM / NPTEL/ EDX / Others). They must be approved/ratified in the
respective Board of Studies.

Course Category: Program Elective -I Credits: 2

Course Type: Theory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 2-0-0

Prerequisites: Continuous Evaluation: --

Semester end Evaluation: 100

Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

outcomes Understand the mathematical concepts related to probability theory and

CO1
random processes

CO2 Formulate and solve communication problems involving random processes

Understand the fundamental concepts in vector spaces, linear operators,

CO3
matrices

Apply the concepts of inner product spaces to orthogonality and

CO4
approximation problems

CO5 Design and analyze the matrices and vectors for linear operations

Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5

 of Course CO1 2 2 2
Outcomes
towards CO2 2 2 2
achievement CO3 1 2 2
of Program
Outcomes CO4 3 2 2

(1 – Low, 2 - CO5 3 2 2
Medium, 3 –
High)

Course UNIT I:
Content
PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLES: Meaning of probability, Axioms of
Probability, Conditional Probability, Concept of a Random Variable, expected values for
discrete and continuous random variables, Function of one Random Variable, Two
Random variables, conditional probability density functions.
UNIT II:
RANDOM PROCESSES: Classification, Auto Correlation, Cross Correlation, Stationary
and wide sense stationary random process, Gaussian random process, Poisson random
process.
UNIT III:
LINEAR ALGEBRA: Vector spaces, Linear combination of vectors, Linear dependence,
Basis and dimensions, finite dimensional vector spaces, Linear Transformations. Norms
and normed vector spaces, Inner products and inner product spaces.
UNIT – IV:
LINEAR OPERATORS AND MATRIX INVERSES: Matrix factorizations, LU
factorization, unitary matrices and QR factorization. Singular value decomposition, pseudo
inverses and the SVD.
UNIT – V:
EIGEN VALUES AND EIGEN VECTORS: Introduction to Eigen values and Eigen
vectors, Linear dependence of Eigen vectors, diagonalization of matrix.

Text books [1]. A. Papoulis and S. Unnikrishnan Pillai, ``Probability, Random Variables and
Stochastic Processes,'' Fourth Edition, McGraw Hill. (Indian Edition is available).
[2]. Gibert Strang," Linear Algebra and its applications", Thomson Learning Inc, 4th
Edition.
Reference 1. H.Stark and J. Woods, 'Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal
books Processing,'' Third Edition, Pearson Education. (Indian Edition is available).
2. Steven M. Kay, " Intuitive Probability and Random Process using Matlab", Springer
Publications.
3. Todd K Moon, Wynn C. Stirling" Mathematical Methods and Algorithms for Signal
Processing, Prentice Hall.
 Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date
Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO
 25ECSC581: Digital Communication Lab

Course Category: Laboratory-I Credits: 1.5

Course Type: Laboratory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 0-0-3

Prerequisites: Digital Logic Design Continuous Evaluation: 40

Semester end Evaluation: 60

Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

outcomes Identify the different line codes and infer the quality of the received
CO1
signal using eye diagram
Appreciate the principle of generation and detection of BPSK, DPSK,
CO2
DEPSK, MSK, GFSK, GMSK signals.
Appreciate the principle of generation and detection of QPSK,
CO3
DQPSK signals.
CO4 Generate and detect rate ½ convolutional code
Use a software tool to generate time domain and frequency domain
CO5
descriptions of various binary digital modulation schemes.
Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5
of Course
Outcomes CO1 1 3
towards CO2 1 3
achievement
of Program CO3 1 3
Outcomes
CO4 1 2
(1 – Low, 2 -
Medium, 3 – CO5 1 2
High)

Course Hardware related experiments:

Content 1. Sampling and reconstruction of low pass signals
2. Time Division Multiplexing
3. BPSK/DPSK generation & detection
4. QPSK/OQPSK generation &detection
5. 8-QAM generation & detection 6.FSK generation and detection
 Simulation based experiments: (MATLAB simulation)
1. Sampling & reconstruction of low pass signals
2. BPSK Modulation & detection
3. BER of BPSK in AWGN channel
4. QPSK generation & detection
5. BER of QPSK in AWGN channel
6. QAM generation & detection
7. 16 QAM constellation diagram
8. Generation of Nyquist-I pulse
9. Designing an equalizer in the context of baseband binary data transmission
10. OFDM generation and detection

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO
 25ECSC582: Embedded System Design Lab (ARM)
Course Category: Laboratory-II Credits: 1.5

Course Type: Laboratory Lecture - Tutorial -Practice: 0-0-3

Prerequisites: Computer Architecture Continuous Evaluation: 40

Semester end Evaluation: 60

Total Marks: 100

Course Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:

outcomes Design and execute the different concepts for embedded system using
CO1 ARM processor.

Contribution PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5

of Course
Outcomes
towards
achievement
of Program
Outcomes CO1 2

(1 – Low, 2 -
Medium, 3 –
High)

Course Experiments using ARM Cortex-M Microcontroller

Content
(NUCLEO board -F429ZI):

1. Program to configure and control General Purpose Input / Output

(GPIO) port pins.
2. Program to demonstrate Serial communication. Transmission from Kit
and reception from PC using Serial Port on IDE environment use debug
terminal to trace the program.
3. Program to demonstrate Time delay program using built in Timer /
Counter feature on IDE environment.
4. Program to demonstrate a simple interrupt handler and setting up a
timer.
5. Program to Displaying a message in a 2-line x 16 Characters LCD
display and verify the result in debug terminal.
6. Program to demonstrate ADC interfacing.
7. Generation of PWM Signal with the objective of introducing the
practical application of timers and fundamental principles of control
 theory.
8. To integrate a micro-SD card with the computing system for the
purpose of storing event logs conveniently on the SD card.
9. To establish a connection between the two computing systems using
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), with the objective of monitoring
pertinent information from one system and facilitating gate control
through the other system.
10. To enhance the smart home system by enabling it to host a web page
through Wi-Fi connectivity, thereby allowing users to access
information using a smartphone or PC.
11. Project

Designation Name in Capitals Signature with Date

Course Coordinator
Program Coordinator
Head of the Department DR. D. VENKATA RAO