Unit at a Glance

Language Focus: Engage in

Discussion, Make Comparisons

Unit 5
Reading Strategy: Visualize
Phonics Focus: Vowel Sounds
and Spellings: air, are, ear ; Silent
consonants: gn, kn
Topic: Changes in Nature

Everything
Changes

Share What You Know

? 1 Draw a picture of your favorite
time of year. Work with a partner.

Big
Why is nature 2 Share your picture with the
always class.

Question changing? 3 Place all of the pictures

in order of the seasons.
Work with the whole class.
ONTARIO, CANADA
Brother and sister looking at a maple
leaf in autumn through magnifying glasses

ELTNGL.COM
002-003_SE66837_G2U5_UO.indd 2 Bringing the world16/07/19
to the11:29
classroom
AM and the classroom3to life
002-003_SE66837_G2U5_UO.indd 16/07/19 11:29 AM

A PART OF CENGAGE ALL RIGHTS RESERVED – NOT FOR RESALE

 1 Words
PART

Language Focus to Know Science Vocabulary

both
do
Engage in Discussion why Key Words
Listen and read along. The sun moves
The moon high in the
and stars sky. Shadows
Dialogue come out at get short.
Day and Night night.

I think day is better than night.

Day begins .
Why do you think so?

Because it is bright.
What changes
happen on Earth
I think night is better every day ?
than day.

Why do you think so?

It’s hard to say!

I like planet Mars—
Day ends . The sun
I love all the stars! Night begins. moves lower
in the sky.
And I love the Milky Way! Shadows get
I guess I like both night The sun sets. long.
Talk Together
and day.
What do you see during the day? How is it different
from what you can see at night?
4 Unit 5 5
 1
PART

Thinking Map Academic Vocabulary

Theme More Key Words

The theme of a story is its main message. Look for clues about
the theme of the story below. appear motion observe
verb noun verb

A Night Under the Stars

Theme Chart
The whale appears The man is in motion. He observes the insect.
above the water.
Write
Title Characters
about the pattern repeat
“A Night Under the Stars” Thomas and his dad Talk Together
makes me think about have fun spending time characters noun verb

camping. together. here.

Make an Expanded
Meaning Map for each
Write the ideas you get What is the message of Key Word. Compare your
from the title here. Theme the story? Write it here. maps with a partner’s.
Sleeping under the
Setting stars is fun. Plot What the Word Means
action, movement

Thomas and his dad are Thomas and his dad set
Write Word
in their backyard at night. up their tent and tell Orange, gray, and She has to repeat what motion

scary stories. Then they the story What It Is Like

blue tiles make a she said because her Example
to be moving
Write the ideas you get fall asleep and wake up events pattern on this floor. teacher did not hear her.
The swimmer
is in motion.
from one place
to another
from the setting here. at dawn. here.

Talk Together

Tell your partner about your favorite story. Write the details in a
theme chart. Work together to find the theme of the story.
6 Unit 5 7
 1 Language Frames
PART

Reading Strategy
I read .
I think it

Learn to Visualize Talk Together

like
I draw
.
.
As you read, try to visualize, or form pictures in your mind. Look
Read Carmen’s story. Read the sample visualization.
for words that tell how things look, taste, smell, feel, and sound.
Then use Language Frames to tell a partner how
After school, I play you visualized things in the story.
I wake up. The warm It’s breakfast. I hear in the park. The wind Story
sun shines through the eggs cooking. whistles as I play on
my window. I smell the frybread. the swing.
Playtime in the Park
My friend Thomas likes to play in the park every Sample Visualization
“I read about Thomas
day after school. He loves to play on the swings. playing on a swing in
The motion of his legs and body make him go the park.
really high. I think it feels like the
Thomas always notices things. He observes wind is rushing past him
as he swings through
how the park changes from spring to summer. As the air.
time goes on, he notices a pattern . I draw a boy smiling as
In spring, tulips appear in the green grass. he swings on the swing.”
Try to visualize what Thomas does. Thomas calls me and asks, “Why are you inside?
Don’t you want to come out and play?” I run outside.
We play tag and hide-and-seek.
In summer, the grass is still green, but the tulips
How to Visualize are gone. We try to repeat the games we play in
spring, but we get too hot. Then we lie in the shadow
1. As you read, look for words I read . of a large oak tree.
that describe how things look, “Is there anything else we
taste, smell, feel, and sound. can do?” he asks.
“I know,” I say. “Let’s run
I think it through the sprinklers!” Then we
2. Use the words to create play until it is almost night .
like .
pictures in your mind.

3. Draw the picture. Show how I draw .

you see things in your mind. = A good place to visualize

8 Unit 5 9
 1
PART

Phonics Focus

Vowel Sounds and Spellings: Talk Together

air, are, ear Listen and read. Find the words with the vowel
patterns air, are, or ear.
Over to You

The Pattern of Night and Day

The day ends. The sun is low in the sky. Shadows Work with a
chair hare bear get long. The air feels cool. Twinkling stars appear in partner.
the dark sky. The moon rises slowly over the hills. It Find words with
lights up the ground. the vowel patterns
Listen and Learn air, are, and ear.
A hare hops along. It feeds on both grasses and Sort the words
Listen to each group of words. Choose the two words plants. A fox stares into the darkness. A pair of mice by their vowel
in each group with the vowel sound you hear in the dare to rush from bush to bush. They have to take patterns. Then use
word air. care. An owl is looking for food. It will swoop down if it one of each in a
sentence of your
sees motion. own.
1. fair fur flare
What do other animals do? Bees are quiet in their
2. scare bear bar hives. A bear snores in its den. A mare sleeps in the
barn. A dog curls up at the foot of a bed.
3. hair her bare
Slowly, the moon disappears from the sky. The sun begins
4. were wear rare to rise. Birds wake up to the new day. This pattern of day and
night will repeat over and over.
5. flair fly flare

6. star stare stair

Read “The Pattern of Night and Day” with a partner.

Practice reading words with the vowel patterns air, are,
10 Unit 5
or ear. 11
 When the
Wind Stops
Read a Story
Genre
Realistic fiction is a made-up story that
seems like it could really happen.

Characters
Characters are the people in a story.

mother boy

by Charlotte Zolotow
illustrated by Stefano Vitale

12 Unit 5 13
 Set a Purpose
A boy wonders why the day must
end . Find out what he learns.

T he bright sun had shone all day , and now the day
was coming to an end. The sun sank lower into the
glowing pink clouds. The little boy was sorry to see the
day end .

Later, his mother came to say good night .

“Why does the day have to end ?” he asked her.
“So night can begin ,” she said. “Look.”
Through the window, the little boy could see a
pale sliver of moon in the darkening sky behind the
branches of the pear tree.

wonders thinks about a pale sliver of moon some of the moon

coming to an end almost over darkening sky sky that was getting darker
sank lower went down
glowing bright

14 Unit 5 15
 “But where does the sun go when the day ends ?”
the little boy asked.
“The day doesn’t end,” said his mother. “It begins
somewhere else. The sun will be shining there, when
night begins here. Nothing ends.”
“Nothing?” the little boy asked.
“Nothing,” his mother said. “It begins in another
place or in a different way.”

doesn’t does not Before You Continue

somewhere else in another 1. Explain What does the boy learn about
place day and night ?
2. Visualize Picture the boy and his mother
talking about the end of the day . Where
are they? What do you see?

16 Unit 5 17
 Predict
Look at the pictures. What questions
will the little boy ask next?

T
him.
he little boy lay in bed, and his mother sat beside

“Where does the wind go when it stops?” he asked.

“It blows away to make the trees dance somewhere
else.”

“Where does the dandelion fluff go when it blows

away?”
“It carries the seeds of new dandelions to someone’s
lawn.”
“Where does the mountain go after the top?”
“It goes down to where it becomes the valley.”

blows away goes to another dandelion fluff soft, white part of a

place dandelion flower
dance move and shake lawn grass
valley low place between the mountains

18 Unit 5 19
 “Where do clouds go when they move across
the sky?”
“They go to make shade somewhere else.”

“Where does the rain go when a storm is over?”

“It goes into clouds to make other storms.”

is over ends make shade make shadows Before You Continue

1. Confirm Prediction What did the boy
ask? Was your prediction correct?
2. Visualize Think about trees “dancing.”
What else do you see, hear, and feel
when you read about the wind blowing?

20 Unit 5 21
 Predict
Look at the pictures. What part of
nature will the boy learn about
next?

“W hat about the leaves when they turn

color and fall?”
“They go into the ground to become part of
new trees with new leaves.”

“But when the leaves fall, that is the end of

something!” the little boy said. “It is the end of
autumn.”
“Yes,” his mother said. “The end of autumn is when
the winter begins .”

turn color and fall change colors and

fall off the trees

22 Unit 5 23
 “And the end of winter . . . ?” the little boy asked.
“The end of winter, when the snow melts and birds
come back, is the beginning of spring,” his mother said.
The little boy smiled.

“It really does go on and on,” he said. “Nothing

ends .”
He looked out at the sky. The sun was gone
completely and the lovely pink clouds had disappeared.
The sky was dark and purple-black, and high above the
branches of the pear tree shone a thin moon .

melts turns into water lovely pretty

disappeared gone; left

24 Unit 5 25
 Meet the Author

Charlotte Zolotow
CHARLOTTE ZOLOTOW (1915–2013) was the
author of over 70 picture books for children and a
lifelong champion of honest, true-to-life literature
for young readers. Zolotow’s work offered even the
youngest children a realistic but compassionate view
of topics like anger, envy and death. Her long and
distinguished career as a writer and an editor was
based on expressing her sense of what the experience
of childhood was like, from the child’s point of view.
She said, “I remember actually thinking, when I was a
“Today is over,” his mother said, “and it’s time for child, that I would remember things that had happened,
sleep. Tomorrow morning, when you wake, the moon things that seem important to me but seemed to go
will be beginning a night far away, and the sun will be
unnoticed by the adults around me.”
here to begin a new day .” ❖
Writing Tip
Charlotte Zolotow used details
such as “lovely pink clouds” and
“purple-black” sky to help you
Before You Continue see and feel what is happening
1. Confirm Prediction What does the boy in the story. Write your own
learn about nature? Was your prediction
correct? sentence about nature. Be sure
2. Character How does the boy feel about to use a lot of details!
what he has learned? How can you tell?

26 Unit 5 27
 1
PART

Think and Respond Reread and Describe

Talk About It Theme

1. Name one thing in the story that is realistic. Read that part What is the theme of “When the Wind Stops”?
of the story aloud and then talk about it.
Theme Chart
could happen in real life.

2. The boy’s mother says, “Nothing ends .” What does she Title Characters
mean? Discuss your ideas with a partner. “When the Wind Stops”
makes me think that the
I think because . story is about nature.
I don’t think because .

3. Pretend you are the boy. What do you see from your Theme:
window before you go to bed? Use words and pictures
from the story to create a picture in your mind. Tell a Setting Plot
partner what you see, hear, and smell.

I see .
I hear .
I smell . Now use your theme chart. Tell your partner The theme of the
about the theme of “When the Wind Stops.” story is .

Fluency
Write About It Practice reading with the correct expression.
Find your favorite part of the story. Write a sentence telling Rate your reading.
why you like the part. Tell how it makes you feel.

Today we read .
I like because .
It makes me feel .
28 Unit 5 29
 1
PART

Word Work Making Connections Now read this article to find

out why some changes in nature happen.
Genre A science article is nonfiction. It can tell how

Antonyms something in nature works. It might also have an

experiment you can try to see how things work.
Antonyms are words with opposite meanings. Look at
the pictures below. Read the antonyms. Then compare
their meanings.

Day and Night by Glen Phelan

Earth Around and Around

The planet we live on seems
begin : When something end : When something stops, to stand still, yet Earth is
starts, it begins . it ends . always moving. It rotates, or
Day begins at sunrise. Day ends at sunset. spins, around and around.
You cannot feel Earth rotate
because you are moving
along with it.
Try It Together

Read the passage from “When the Wind Stops.” Then

answer the questions.
axis
Earth spins on an imaginary line. It is
Later, his mother came to say good night. “Why does the day called an axis. This diagram shows how.
have to end?” he asked her. “So night can begin,” she said. “Look.”

planet world Before You Continue

1. Find an antonym for day. Use it in a sentence. stand still not move 1. Use Text Features How does the diagram
imaginary pretend help you understand the way Earth spins?
2. Clarify Why does it seem like Earth is
2. Find an antonym for end. Use it in a sentence. standing still even though the planet is
really moving?

30 Unit 5 31
 Earth and the Sun Sunrise and Sunset
Because Earth spins, only one part can face the From Earth , it looks like the sun moves across the sky.
sun at a time. When the sun reaches the part facing But the sun does not move. Earth moves. When Earth
it, it makes day. The other part of Earth doesn’t get starts to face the sun, the sun looks like it rises into the
any sun at that time, so it is night . sky. When Earth starts to turn away from the sun, the
sun looks like it goes down.
This part of Earth faces
away from the sun. It is
This part of Earth
night on this part. It looks like the At night , it
faces the sun. It is
sun comes up looks like the
day on this part.
in the morning. sun goes down.

12:00 p.m.

7:00 a.m. 7:00 p.m.

sun Earth

In some parts of the world right now,

it is day. In other parts, it is night.
As Earth spins, it looks like the sun moves across the sky.

face turn toward Sunrise When the Sun Comes Up Before You Continue
doesn’t does not Sunset When the Sun Goes Down 1. Visualize Point to a spot on land in the
rises goes up diagram. Move your finger up. Describe
how the sky looks at that time.
2. Explain Why does it look like the sun is
moving down in the sky at sunset?

32 Unit 5 33
 From Day to Night: An Experiment What Happens?
Try this experiment to see how day turns to night . Light shines on different parts of the ball as it turns.
You will need: Now pretend the ball is Earth and the flashlight is the
• a partner • a flashlight • a ball sun. When one part of Earth faces the sun, it is daytime.
1. Partner 1 holds the ball. When it turns away from the sun, it is night . So when
2. Partner 2 shines the flashlight on the ball. day begins on your side of the world, night begins for
3. Partner 2 asks someone to turn off the classroom someone on the other side! ❖
lights.
4. Partner 1 slowly rotates the ball as Partner 2
CHINA
shines the light on it. UNITED STATES

night

HB26 04
night . But in
In China, it isG2_U5_DN5
day
the United States, it is day.
First Proof

flashlight

ball

Before You Continue

1. Clarify How does the experiment help
you understand day and night?
2. Use Text Features What helps you know
Partner 1 Partner 2 what to do in the experiment?

34 Unit 5 35
 1
PART

Respond and Extend Grammar and Spelling

Compare Author’s Purpose Kinds of Sentences

The authors of “When the Wind Stops” and “Day and Night” A group of words that tells a complete thought is a sentence.
both had more than one reason for writing. Compare and There are four different kinds of sentences.
explain their purposes to complete the chart.

Comparison Chart Grammar Rules Kinds of Sentences

• A statement tells something. It is morning. The day is just

Charlotte Zolotow Glen Phelan
It ends with a period. beginning.
• to tell about • to explain how day • A question asks something. It Where did the moon and stars
patterns in nature becomes night ends with a question mark. go?
• •
• An exclamation shows What a great day!
• • strong feeling. It ends with
an exclamation mark.

• A command tells someone to Make your bed, please.

Write more reasons Write more reasons do something. It ends with a
for writing from for writing from period.
“When the Wind “Day and Night”
Stops” here. here. Read Kinds of Sentences
Read this passage. Find two different kinds of sentences. Then
make up your own sentence.
Talk Together
The little boy lay in bed, and his mother sat beside him.
What is another pattern from the world of nature? Draw a series “Where does the wind go when it stops?” he asked. “It
of pictures to show one of the cycles in nature. Explain your blows away to make the trees dance somewhere else.”
pictures to the class. Use Key Words.
Write Kinds of Sentences
Pretend you are looking out a window at the world. Write two
different kinds of sentences about what you see. Read your
sentences to a partner.
36 Unit 5 37
 2 Words
PART

Language Focus to Know Science Vocabulary

and
but
Make Comparisons different Key Words
Listen and sing. have
Weather and temperature change with the seasons .

Autumn and Winter Song spring summer

Both autumn and winter have weather that’s colder

Than summer and spring, when warm days are long.
In autumn it’s chilly, but in winter it’s snowy.
In fall, leaves are falling. In winter, they’re gone.

I love fall and winter because they are different.

In winter we sled, but in autumn, we run.
Both autumn and winter have one thing in common:
Both seasons are favorites for all kinds of fun.
winter fall or autumn
Tune: “Cockles and Mussels”

Talk Together

Look at the photos. What happens in each season?

What changes with each season?
38 Unit 5 39
 2
PART
PART

Thinking Map Academic Vocabulary

Compare and Contrast More Key Words

To compare, look for how things are alike. To contrast,
look for how things are different. Compare and contrast affect explain happen
verb verb verb
the animals below.

Comparison Chart

Summer Winter
Brown Bears

The hot sun affects ice She explains the math They watch what
Write or cream. It makes ice problem to her student. happens in the game.
show facts cream melt.
about the
measure reason
Wolves animals verb noun
Talk Together
here.
Make a Word Web of
examples for each Key
Word. Compare your
webs with a partner’s.

Look for how the animals weigh size up

are alike and different.
measure
He measures the Hard work and practice
doorway to see how are the reasons she is a long short
Talk Together big it is. good musician.

With your partner, choose two

picture cards. Talk about what is
the same and what is different.
Together, fill in a comparison
chart.
40 Unit 5 41
 2 Language Frames
PART

Reading Strategy
I read .
I see .

Learn to Visualize Talk Together I draw .

Now I understand
As you read, try to visualize, or form pictures in your mind. .
Read the letter that Leon writes to Abby. Read the
I love autumn. I hike in the I love summer. We swim at sample visualization. Then use Language Frames
woods. I see red, yellow, and a white sandy beach. The to tell a partner how you visualized things in the letter.
orange leaves on the trees. ocean is green and blue.
Letter

July 15, 2019

Dear Abby, Sample Visualization
The reason I am writing is to tell you about my vacation. “I read about Leon’s
vacation at the beach.
We are staying in the same beach town we stayed in last
I see a sunny, crowded
winter , but it is very different in summer . Let me explain . beach.
On summer mornings, crowds of people flock to the beach I draw a white beach
to swim. When that happens , it’s hard to find room to put crowded with swimmers.
Now I understand why
down a towel! it is hard for Leon to
find a place to put his
Try to visualize what Abby and Leon are talking about. In winter, clouds often block the sun. The sky is not blue. It towel.”
is gray. This affects the number of tourists who come to the
How to Visualize beach. I think the beach looks prettier when there are just a
few people.
I read . The two seasons at the beach are alike in one way. During
1. As you read, look for words that
describe how things look, sound, both seasons, we buy food at the local market and have fresh
smell, taste, and feel. fish to cook and eat.
I like both seasons at
the beach. I wish you
2. Use the words to create pictures I see .
were here in summer!
in your mind.
Your friend,
I draw . Now Leon
3. Draw the picture. Ask yourself:
How does this help me understand I understand .
what I read? = A good place to visualize

42 Unit 5 43
 2
PART

Phonics Focus

Silent Consonants: gn, kn Talk Together

Listen and read. Find the words with silent letters

g or k.
Over to You

Which Season Is Best?

gnome knee Which season do you like best? Do you know? In Work with a
summer, it’s nice and warm. Everything is green. You partner.
Listen and Learn can go swimming. You can play in the park. But maybe Find the words
you live where it gets really hot. Maybe you don’t like with silent g or
Listen to each sentence. Choose the word with the silent silent k. Take
all that heat. Then you might like a different season.
letter g or k that best completes the sentence. turns using the
In some places, snow can cover your yard in winter. words in oral
1. The told us to 2. He is able to tie a strong People can ski and ice-skate. That’s fun. But winter sentences.
stop. . can get very cold. A cold wind can feel like the cut of
know knife a knife. Other places get a lot of rain in winter. All that rain
or snow might make you gnash your teeth. In that case, you
sign gnat might like spring or autumn. They are not too hot or too cold.
knock knot Spring means new buds on trees. It means cute birds in nests.
Falling leaves are a sign that it’s autumn.
3. The paper has pretty 4. Turn the and Weather can affect your mood. Do you know which season
. open the door. makes you feel the happiest?

knits knob
signs kneel
designs knew Read “Which Season Is Best?” with a partner.
Practice reading words with silent letters g and k.

44 Unit 5 45
 What Makes
Read a Poem the Seasons?
Genre
A poem uses words in a special way to
tell about ideas. This poem gives facts
about the seasons.

Text Features
A diagram uses pictures, arrows, and
labels to show how something works.

Earth’s Orbit
arrow

Earth
picture label Sun

written and illustrated by

Megan Montague Cash

46 Unit 5 47
 Set a Purpose
Find out what happens when the
seasons change.

Spring’s mild weather wakes the seeds,

bringing showers each seed needs.

Spring was here but couldn’t stay.

Spring left on a summer day.

The day began with sprinkling rain

tapping at the windowpane.

Rain has turned the sky to gray.

Our snowman friend has gone away.

Fresh green leaves are peeking out.

What makes this their time to sprout?

tapping at the windowpane hitting against mild warm and wet

the window wakes the seeds gets the seeds ready to grow
sprout begin to grow showers rain

48 Unit 5 49
 Why is this a growing season ?

Plants grow tall, but what’s the reason ?

Plants grow best in summer light,

when days are long and warm and bright.

Plants that once were hardly there

now have flowers everywhere.

Each tree and weed and lima bean

shows its favorite shade of green.

hardly there very small what’s the reason why do the Before You Continue
shade kind plants grow tall
1. Details What happens in spring ?
What happens in summer ? How can
you measure the changes?
2. Visualize Look at the pictures. Tell how
summer feels, looks, and smells.

50 Unit 5 51
 Predict
What will happen when the
summer is over?

In all the leaves on all the trees

are teeny tree food factories.

Leaves use sun to make the food.

When there’s less sun, leaves come unglued.

But when the summer days are done,

the autumn days have just begun.

The sun grows dim, the wind blows cold.

Green leaves turn to red and gold.

The colored leaves dance all around.

But why do leaves fall to the ground?

grows dim is not as bright teeny tree food factories small parts that
dance all around move in make food for the tree
the wind come unglued fall from the tree

52 Unit 5 53
 Winter is a time for sleep.

Trees are resting. Seeds will keep.

Many creatures sleep and wait.

Winter’s time to hibernate.

The weather brought a change last night.

Winter turned the world to white.

Puffy flakes swirled high and low.

Snow makes flurries. What makes snow?

In chilly clouds the raindrops freeze.

It’s one of winter’s recipes.

flurries snowflakes that blow around in creatures animals and insects Before You Continue
the wind Winter’s Winter is 1. Confirm Prediction What happens in the
freeze turn cold and hard hibernate sleep until spring comes again poem when summer is over? Was your
It’s one of winter’s recipes. It is something prediction correct?
that happens in winter .
2. Visualize Think about the snowflakes.
Which words in the poem help you
picture and feel them?
54 Unit 5 55
 Predict
Look at the diagram below. What
causes the seasons to change?

But what controls the season’s change?

And what makes weather rearrange?

Earth’s yearly trip around the sun

affects the seasons one by one.

Earth’s Orbit

Earth
In summer when the days are long
Sun
the sun shines down both hot and strong.

While winter has the shortest days —

less time for Earth to get warm rays.

Earth takes a whole year to move around the sun.

controls makes; causes warm rays sunshine

rearrange change from season to season
Orbit Path Around the Sun

56 Unit 5 57
 Earth’s Hemispheres
winter Seasons change four times a year.

north When each one ends, the next one’s here.

Enjoying changes one by one

makes the seasons so much fun. ❖

south

summer

But when you have a summer day,

it’s winter half the world away.

If summer blossoms open wide,

it’s winter on Earth’s other side.

Earth’s Hemispheres The Two Main the next one’s here another Before You Continue
Parts of Earth season begins
1. Confirm Prediction What causes the
half the world away on the other seasons to change?
side of Earth
2. Make Comparisons Find words in the poem
blossoms flowers about how summer and winter are different.
Describe each season to a partner.

58 Unit 5 59
 2
PART

Think and Respond Reread and Describe

Talk About It Compare and Contrast

1. Poems use words in an interesting way. Find your favorite Think about the ideas in “What Makes the Seasons?”
lines in the poem. What do you find interesting about them? How are the seasons alike? How are they different?

I like it when the author says, “ .” Comparison Chart

It is interesting because .
Spring Summer Fall Winter
2. Compare the weather in spring and summer . How is it
alike? How is it different? Give examples from the text.
Leaves sprout

Spring and summer are alike because . Raindrops fall

They are different because spring weather is , but
summer weather is .
Snow melts
3. Tell about a season . Use words from the poem to help a
partner picture it. Have a partner guess the season. Days get
In this season, I see . I hear . longer
The season is .
Now use your comparison chart. Tell Spring and summer are
your partner how the seasons are alike because .
alike and different in “What Makes Winter and spring are
the Seasons?” different because .

Write About It
Work with a partner to write a poem about your favorite season. Fluency
Tell how the season looks, sounds, feels, smells, and tastes. Practice reading with the correct intonation.
Rate your reading.
Autumn looks .
It sounds .
It smells .
60 Unit 5 61
 2
PART

Word Work Making Connections Read about an

amazing change that happens to some frogs

A
each winter .
NATIONAL

Multiple-Meaning Words GEOGRAPHIC

EXCLUSIVE
Genre A science article is nonfiction. It can
explain something about nature.
Some words have more than one meaning. You can use other

Winter
words near the word to figure out the right meaning.

Fall is a multiple-meaning word. Look at these examples.

Wonder
by Tyrone Hayes, PhD
In the fall , the leaves Be careful not to fall !
change colors.
Meaning: the season Meaning: to trip or slip
before winter Hi! My name is Dr. Tyrone
Hayes. I study frogs and toads.
I work in a lab and sometimes
in muddy ponds.

Try It Together

Read this passage. Then answer the questions. Dr. Tyrone Hayes
studies frogs and
In the spring, my family always plants a garden. First, we put the toads.
seeds in the ground. After a while, new plants spring up from the dirt!

1. What does spring mean in the first sentence?

study learn about Before You Continue
2. What does spring mean in the third sentence: “a season” lab special room where 1. Visualize What do you think Dr. Hayes
scientists work
or “grow quickly”? feels, smells, and hears when he is at
work?
2. Make Inferences How do you think
Dr. Hayes feels about his work? Explain .

62 Unit 5 63
 We know that weather changes with each season . Soon the warm spring comes. That's when the frog
Did you know that some frogs change with the wakes up! Its body thaws. Then it hops away until
seasons, too? winter comes again.
Winter can be a hard season for frogs. It's so cold This unique frog is truly amazing! ❖
that many ponds freeze. Insects that frogs eat can
be hard to find, too.

But winter is no problem for the North American

wood frog! It has an unusual way to survive the
harsh winter. Each winter, the wood frog lets its In the spring ,
body freeze. Then it sleeps all winter long. the wood frog
wakes up again.

In the cold winter, many ponds freeze.

In the warm spring, ponds are filled with life.

freeze turn to hard ice Its body thaws. The ice on its body melts. Before You Continue
an unusual a very different unique special 1. Make Comparisons Look at the photos on
harsh long and cold truly amazing very surprising pages 64–65. Tell how the pictures are
A North American wood the same and how they are different.
2. Main Idea What is so unusual about the
frog freezes each winter . wood frog?

64 Unit 5 65
 2
PART

Respond and Extend Grammar and Spelling

Compare Genres Questions

“What Makes the Seasons?” is a poem. “A Winter Wonder” You can ask questions to get information. All questions begin
is a science article. How are the two texts the same? How with a capital letter and end with a question mark.
are they different? Work with a partner to complete the
Venn diagram. Grammar Rules Questions

Write what is Question Answer

Venn Diagram the same here. • Some questions Is it spring yet? Yes, it is.
ask for a “yes”
or “no” answer. Is the plant growing? Yes.
• Some questions Who can tell me The teacher can tell
ask for more about the seasons? you about the seasons.
“What Makes Both “A Winter
information.
the Seasons?” give facts Wonder” When will autumn Autumn will end in
poem about science article • A question can end? November.
changes in start with who,
We can go to the
nature when, where, Where can we go
beach this summer.
what, or how. this summer?

Read Questions
Write what is different here. Read these sentences. Name the sentences that ask questions.
How do you know?

Why is this a growing season?

Talk Together Plants grow tall, but what’s the reason?
Plants grow best in summer light,
Why is nature always changing? Take turns choosing picture
when days are long and warm and bright.
cards with a partner. Use Key Words to explain what happens
during the season on the card you picked.
Write Questions
Write two questions about seasons. Ask a partner your questions.
66 Unit 5 67
 Writing Project

Write as an Observer Prewrite

1. Choose a Topic Which seasons will you write about?
Write a Comparison Talk with a partner to make your choice.
What are the seasons like where you live? Write a few
paragraphs to compare or contrast two seasons. Work with Language Frames
your classmates to create a book of seasons. Tell Your Ideas Respond to Ideas
My favorite are . Why are and
Study a Model The two are alike because your favorite ?
they both . What other things are alike?
When you compare, you tell how two things are the same.
The are different because You said and
When you contrast, you tell how they are different. Read Andy’s . are alike, but I think they’re
comparison of his two favorite seasons. different because .

2. Gather Information Think of all the ways the two seasons

are alike and different. Make notes to gather details.
My Favorite Seasons
By Andy Halliday 3. Get Organized Put your ideas in a comparison chart.
The topic I live near Dallas, Texas. My favorite Comparison Chart
sentence seasons here are fall and spring .
tells the two
things you are The temperature during both seasons Details are
Fall Spring
comparing or is great. It’s usually in the 70s. That’s not organized to
contrasting. show how the Temperature in the 70s in the 70s
too hot and not too cold. It’s perfect!
seasons are
The weather during spring is a the same and Weather thunderstorms sunny weather
little different from the weather in fall. In different.
Sports football volleyball
spring, we get storms, with lots of wind,
thunder, and lightning. Once in a while,
there’s even a tornado! Draft
Use your comparison chart to write your draft.
Special words In the fall, we don’t get storms or
help you tornadoes. We get football, though . • Write a topic sentence that tells the two things you are comparing.
signal what is That’s just as exciting!
the same or • Arrange your details so that the comparison is clear. You can
different. tell about one season first, and then the other. You can also
put details about the same things together, like Andy did.
68 Unit 5 69
 Writing Project, continued Punctuation Tip
When you write
about temperature,
Revise Edit and Proofread do not use an
apostrophe.
1. Read, Retell, Respond Read your draft aloud to a partner. Work with a partner to edit and proofread your
Your partner listens and then retells the main details. Next, comparison. Be sure you use the correct end 70s, not 70’s
talk about ways to make your writing better. marks for different kinds of sentences. Use revision
marks to show your changes.
Language Frames

Retell Make Suggestions

Present
The you compared are I’m still not sure why you say
On Your Own Make a final copy of your comparison. Read it
and . and are alike.
The are alike because Can you add more details? aloud to your class. See if they agree with how you described
. The order you put the details the seasons.
The are different because in doesn’t seem to make sense.
Try moving to .
. Presentation Tips
If you are the speaker… If you are the listener…
2. Make Changes Think about your draft and your partner’s
ideas. Then use revision marks to make your changes. Stress comparison words Summarize how the two
such as both, alike, and subjects are alike and
• Do you include enough details? Add more if you need them. also. different.
with lots of wind, thunder, and lightning. If your listeners don’t agree Is it clear how the subjects
In spring, we get storms.
with your comparison, give are alike or different? If
more details or examples. not, ask questions.
• Make sure the comparison is clear. Check the order of your
details.
With a Group Collect names of Send Forward Delete

The temperature during both seasons is great. It’s usually in friends and family members who
To: Rosa@eltngl.com
From: Andy@eltngl.com

the 70s. We get tornadoes in the spring, though. live in other cities or states. Send
Subject: Seasons
Attachment:

Move this to next paragraph. them your comparisons. Ask them to

Hi Rosa!
write back and tell you how similar
I wrote this article about fall and
or different their own seasons are to spring in Dallas. What are those
yours. Share what you find out. seasons like where you live?
Write soon!
Andy

70 Unit 5 71
 Unit

5 Wrap-Up

Share Your Ideas

Choose one of these ways to share your ideas about
the Big Question.

? Write It! Talk About It!

Big
Question
Why is nature
always changing? Draw a Cartoon Discuss Nature Topics
Show what happens during On scraps of paper, write
the four seasons. Use one ways that nature changes.
box for each season. Put the topics in a box or
Talk Together Write what hat. Take turns choosing
happens in topics and discussing them
In this unit, you found lots of answers to the Big Question. each box. Share with a partner. Be sure to
Now, use your concept map to discuss the Big Question your cartoon listen to your partner and
with the class. with the class. It is hot in speak clearly.
summer.
Concept Map

Seasons Do It! Write It!

Day and Perform a Mime Write a Nature Log

Night Work with classmates to Write about changes in nature
Why is create a mime about a way that you see in the morning,
nature always Winter turns that nature changes. Perform in the middle of day, and at
changing? to spring. your skit for the class. Have night. Write them in your log.
classmates Share with the class.
guess what
you are
miming.

Weather

72 Unit 5 73