Social Justice
2024
1. Public charitable trusts have the potential to make India's development more inclusive as they relate to
certain vital public issues. Comment.
2. Poverty and malnutrition create a vicious cycle, adversely affecting human capital formation. What
steps can be taken to break the cycle?
3. In a crucial domain like the public healthcare system, the Indian State should play a vital role in
containing the adverse impact of the marketisation of the system. Suggest measures through which the
State can enhance the reach of public healthcare at the grassroots level.
4. The Doctrine of Democratic Governance makes it necessary that the public perception of the integrity
and commitment of civil servants becomes absolutely positive. Discuss.
2023
1. The crucial aspect of development process has been the inadequate attention paid to Human Resource
Development in India. Suggest measures that can address this inadequacy.
2. Discuss the contribution of civil society groups for women's effective and meaningful participation and
representation in state legislatures in India.
3. “Development and welfare schemes for the vulnerable, by its nature, are discriminatory in approach.”
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
4. Skill development programmes have succeeded in increasing human resources supply to various
sectors. In the context of the statement analyse the linkages between education, skill and employment.
2022
1. Besides the welfare schemes, India needs deft management of inflation and unemployment to serve the
poor and the underprivileged sections of the society. Discuss.
2. Do you agree with the view that increasing dependence on donor agencies for development reduces the
importance of community participation in the development process? Justify your answer.
3. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 remains inadequate in promoting
incentive-based system for children's education without generating awareness about the importance of
schooling. Analyse.
2021
1. “Besides being a moral imperative of a Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary
precondition for sustainable development.” Analyse.
2. “Earn while you learn scheme needs to be strengthened to make vocational education and skill training
meaningful.” Comment.
3. Can the vicious cycle of gender inequality, poverty and malnutrition be broken through microfinancing
of women SHGs? Explain with examples.
4. “Though women in post-Independent India have excelled in various fields, the social attitude towards
women and feminist movement has been patriarchal.” Apart from women education and women
empowerment schemes, what interventions can help change this milieu?
5. Can Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organisations present an alternative model of public service
delivery to benefit the common citizen? Discuss the challenges of this alternative model.
2020
1. In order to enhance the prospects of social development, sound and adequate health care policies are
needed particularly in the fields of geriatric and maternal health care. Discuss.
2. “The incidence and intensity of poverty are more important in determining poverty based on income
alone”. In this context analyse the latest United Nations Multidimensional Poverty Index Report.
3. “Micro-Finance as an anti-poverty vaccine, is aimed at asset creation and income security of the rural
poor in India”. Evaluate the role of the Self Help Groups in achieving the twin objectives along with
empowering women in rural India.
4. National Education Policy 2020 is in conformity with the Sustainable Development Goal-4 (2030). It
intends to restructure and reorient education system in India. Critically examine the statement.
2018
1. Appropriate local community-level healthcare intervention is a prerequisite to achieve ‘Health for All’ in
India. Explain.
2. How far do you agree with the view that the focus on lack of availability of food as the main cause of
hunger takes the attention away from ineffective human development policies in India?
2017
1. ‘To ensure effective implementation of policies addressing water, sanitation and hygiene needs, the
identification of beneficiary segments is to be synchronized with the anticipated outcomes’. Examine the
statement in the context of the WASH scheme.
2. Does the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 ensure effective mechanism for empowerment
and inclusion of the intended beneficiaries in the society? Discuss.
3. Hunger and Poverty are the biggest challenges for good governance in India still today. Evaluate how
far successive governments have progressed in dealing with these humongous problems. Suggest
measures for improvement.
2016
1. Professor Amartya Sen has advocated important reforms in the realms of primary education and
primary health care. What are your suggestions to improve their status and performance?
2. Examine the main provisions of the National Child Policy and throw light on the status of its
implementation.
2015
1. The quality of higher education in India requires major improvements to make it internationally
competitive. Do you think that the entry of foreign educational institutions would help improve the quality
of technical and higher education in the country? Discuss.
2. Public health system has limitations in providing universal health coverage. Do you think that private
sector could help in bridging the gap? What other viable alternatives would you suggest?
3. Though there have been several different estimates of poverty in India, all indicate reduction in poverty
levels over time. Do you agree? Critically examine with reference to urban and rural poverty indicators.
2014
1. Do government’s schemes for up-lifting vulnerable and backward communities by protecting required
social resources for them, lead to their exclusion in establishing businesses in urban economies?
2013
1. Identify the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that are related to health. Discuss the success of the
actions taken by the Government for achieving the same.
2. The concept of Mid Day Meal (MDM) scheme is almost a century old in India with early beginnings in
Madras Presidency in pre-independent India. The scheme has again been given impetus in most states in
the last two decades. Critically examine its twin objectives, latest mandates and success.
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