English Language Space (ELS)

Level: 1-2-3

Duration: 1 h 30 mns.

Objective: At the end of the session, the learners should be able:

~ to use the tenses below correctly during the classes and their daily conversations.

A detailed lesson on four essential English tenses: the Simple Present, Present
Progressive, Simple Future, and Simple Past. Each section includes an explanation,
examples, and practice exercises to help you master them.

1. The Simple Present

We use the Simple Present to talk about habits, facts, and scheduled events. It's the
most basic tense.

• Habits and routines: Actions you do regularly. `I drink coffee every morning.`

• General truths and facts: Things that are always true. `The sun rises in the east.`

• Scheduled events (future): For public transport, timetables, or programs.`The train

leaves at 7 p.m.`

Keywords or time expressions: `always`, `often`, `usually`, `sometimes`, `never`, `every

Positive: Subject + base form of the verb. For `he`, `she`, and `it`, add `-s` or `-es` to the
verb. Examples: We learn English every day. -Tge boy speaks 2 languages.

Negative: Subject + `do`/`does` + `not` + base form of the verb.

Ex: `I do not work.` or `I don't work.` `He does not work.` or `He doe**sn't** work.`

Question: `Do`/`Does` + subject + base form of the verb?

Ex: Do you work?`. Does he work?`

1. He (live) in a big city.

2. They (not/like) to dance.

3. (you/speak) Spanish?

4. My brother (play) football every Saturday.

5. The store (close) at 9 p.m.

2. The Present Progressive (or Continuous)

We use the Present Progressive to talk about actions that are happening right now.

How to form it:

Keywords or time expressions: now`, `right now`, `at the moment`, `currently`, `this
week/month`. To warn: Lookw listen, stop, watch out, keep quiet....

Positive: Subject + `am`/`is`/`are` + verb + `-ing. Ex: `I am working.`

Negative: Subject + `am`/`is`/`are` + `not` + verb + `-ing`. Ex: `I am not sleeping.

Question: `Am`/`Is`/`Are` + subject + verb + `-ing`? Ex: `Are you studying French?

Exercise 2:Choose the correct tense (Simple Present or Present Progressive).

1. Please be quiet. I (am working / work).

2. I (am drinking / drink) coffee every morning.

3. Look! It (is snowing / snows).

4. She (is playing / plays) tennis every Tuesday.

5. What (are you doing / do you do) right now?

We use the Simple Past to talk about a completed action that happened at a specific
time in the past. The action has no connection to the present.Completed actions in the
past: Actions that started and finished in the past.

Keywords / Time expressions : `yesterday`, `last night/week/year`, `in 2010`, `three days
ago`, when I was a child.

Positive: Subject + verb + `-ed` (for regular verbs) or irregular verb form + C

Ex: `I slept well yesterday. They played card list week. You woke up late last time.

Negative: Subject + `did not` + base form of the verb + C

Ex: `I did not wrote any message yesterday.` or `You didn't attend the conversation.

Question: `Did` + subject + base form of the verb + C + ?

Ex: `Did she arrive from her trip ? - Why did the students come late at the class?

Exercise 3: Write the Simple Past form of the verb and use it in a sentence.

1. (watch) ->

2. (go) ->

3. (eat) ->

4. (study) ->

5. (have) ->

4. The Simple Future:

The Simple Future tense is used to talk about actions that will happen in the future or
actions that didn't take place yet.

~ Decisions made at the moment of speaking:

~ Predictions (based on personal opinion):

Keywords / Time expressions: `tomorrow`, `next week/month/year`, `soon`, `in the

Affirmative: Subject + `will/ shall + base form of the verb + C

Example: `I will go to the party. -We shall be at home soon

Negative: Subject + `will not` + Verb in simple form + Complement.

Ex: She will not eat chocolate to the party.` -Tge teacher won't come to the party.

Question: `Will` + subject + base form of the verb + C + ?

Ex: Shall I drive my own car in the future?

WITH GOING TO: Positive: Subject + Tobe + `going to` + base form of the verb.

Ex: Ali is going to study in Paris.

Negative: Subject + `am`/`is`/`are` + `not` + `going to` + base form of the verb.

Ex: My mother is going to travel tomorrow.

Question: `Am`/`Is`/`Are` + subject + `going to` + base form of the verb?

Ex: Are they going to study English next year? -When are we going to meet ?

Exercise 4: Choose between `will` and `be going to`.

1. I am so tired. I think I (will go / am going to go) to bed.

2. They (will have / are going to have) a party next Saturday. They already sent the
invitations.

3. Look out! That car (will crash / is going to crash)!

4. The phone is ringing. I (will answer / am going to answer) it.

5. We (will travel / are going to travel) around the world one day.