FIRE PROTECTION

DESIGN COURSE

AYMAN QURANY
MECHANICAL ENGINEER
aymmhas@yahoo.com
01004334635
 FIREFIGHTING COURSE OUTLINE(1/5)

1 st Lecture:
1. Introduction to Firefighting Systems.

2. Codes & Standards for Firefighting design& installation.

3. Occupancy Hazards Classifications.

4. Types of Building Occupancies.

10-Sep-19 2
 FIREFIGHTING COURSE OUTLINE(2/5)

2 nd Lecture:
1. Main Components of Firefighting Water Network. (Pipes,
Valves & other required Accessories and Testing of
Firefighting Water Pipes).

2. Manual Firefighting Systems (Landing Valves – Hydrants –

Portable Extinguishers…etc) - Siamese Connection.

3. Automatic Gas Suppression System (Co 2 – FM-200).

10-Sep-19 3
 FIREFIGHTING COURSE OUTLINE ( 3/5)

3 rd Lecture:
1. Sprinkler Floor Control Valve(Zone Control Unit).

2. Fire Water Sprinkler Classification.

3. Water Sprinkler Distribution & Pipe Sizing.

4. Sprinkler Piping and Sizing.

10-Sep-19 4
 FIREFIGHTING COURSE OUTLINE (4/5)

4 th Lecture:
1. Sprinkler Pipe Supplying System.
2. Introduction to Hydraulic Calculation.
PRACTICAL ON FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DESIGN(CAD 1/2).

5 th Lecture:
 Hydraulic Calculation using FIRE ELITE SOFT WARE.
PRACTICAL SESSION.

10-Sep-19 5
 FIREFIGHTING COURSE OUTLINE (5/5)

6 th Lecture:
1. CODES& STANDARDS FOR FIREFIGHTING PUMPS.

2. CHARACTERISTICS, T YPES AND SEQUENCE OF OPERATION FOR

FIREFIGHITNG PUMPS.

3. FIRE PUMP ROOM.

4. FIRE WATER TANK CALCULATION.

7 th PRACTICAL SESSION :
PRACTICAL ON FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DESIGN (CAD 2/2).

8 th PRACTICAL SESSION :
PRACTICAL ON FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DESIGN(REVIT).

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 FIRST LECTURE CONTENTS

1. Fire Definition, Causes &How to suppress.

2. Codes & Standards for Firefighting design& installation.

3. Occupancy Hazards Classifications.

4. Types of Building Occupancies.

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 1. DEFINITIONS
WHAT’S THE FIRE?

 A process in which substance combines chemically with

oxygen from the air and typically give out bright light, heat,
and smoke; combustion or burning .

 Fires start when a flammable MATERIAL, in combination with

a suf ficient quantity of an oxidizer( AIR), is exposed to a
source of HEAT.

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 HOW TO SUPPRESS FIRE?

 To avoid or suppress fire, one of the FIRE TRIANGLE sides

should be eliminated.

 The most applicable side is to:

1 . TAKE AWAY THE HEAT(COOLING):
(MANUAL SYSTEM(HOSE) – AUTOMATIC SYSTEM(SPRINKLER)).
OR
2. TAKE AWAY THE OXYGEN(GAS SUPPRESSION SYSTEM).

 COST OF WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEM IS LESS THAN CO2, IS

LESS THAN FM-200.

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 2. CODES & STANDARDS.

‫ الكود المصري ألسس التصميم وإشتراطات التنفيذ لحماية المنشأت من‬

. ‫الحريق‬

 NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION(NFPA).

 Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL).

 Factory Mutual (FM).

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 FM LISTED & UL APPROVED

 UL Standards development covers more than just products; it

also includes testing of systems and services. And, while we're
widely known for our work with safety standards, UL develops a
wide variety of standards to measure and validate performance,
environmental health and sustainability.
WEB SITE: http://www.ul.com.

 FM Approvals certifies products and services with a unique focus

on Objectively testing property loss prevention products and
services and certifying those that meet rigorous loss prevention
standards.
 Encouraging the development and use of FM Approved products
and services that improve and advance property loss prevention
practices.
WEB SITE: http://www.fmglobal.com/

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 FM LISTED & UL APPROVED
FOR SPRINKLER

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 FM LISTED & UL APPROVED
FOR PUMP

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 MOST IMPORTANT NFPA CHAPTERS

 NFPA 10 Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers.

 NFPA 12 Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems.

 NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems.

 NFPA 14 Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose

Systems.
 NFPA 20 Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for
Fire Protection.
 NFPA 22 Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection.
 NFPA 2001 Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing
Systems

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 3. HAZARDS CLASSIFICATION

 Occupancy hazard classification is the most critical aspect of

the sprinkler system design process .

 If the hazard is underestimated, it is possible for fire to

overpower the sprinklers(resulting in a large loss of property
or life).

 The classification of hazard varies according to the

commodities and application of the project.

1. Light Hazard.
2. Ordinary Hazard.
3. Extra Hazard.

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 LIGHT HAZARD

 Light hazard occupancies shall be defined as occupancies or

portions of other occupancies where the quantity and/or
combustibility of contents is low and fires with relatively low
rates of heat release are expected.

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 LIGHT HAZARD EXAMPLES

Educational Institutional

Theaters
Churches Residential
(not Stage)

Clubs Museums
Offices
Hospitals Restaurant

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 ORDINARY HAZARD (GROUP 1)

Ordinary hazard (Group 1) occupancies shall be defined as

occupancies or portions of other occupancies where
combustibility is low, quantity of combustibles is moderate.

Stockpiles of combustibles do not exceed 8 ft (2.4 m), and

fires with moderate rates of heat release are expected.

10-Sep-19 18
 ORDINARY HAZARD GROUP(1)EXAMPLES

Beverage Glass and glass Dairy products

manufacturing products manufacturing
Canneries manufacturing

Laundries Restaurant
Electronic service
plants Basement Floors areas
Bakeries

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 ORDINARY HAZARD (GROUP 2)

 occupancies shall be defined as occupancies or portions of

other occupancies where the quantity and combustibility of
contents are moderate to high.

 Stockpiles do not exceed 12 ft (3.7 m), and fires with

moderate to high rates of heat release are expected.

10-Sep-19 20
 ORDINARY HAZARD GROUP(2)EXAMPLES

Cereal mills Repair garages Chemical plants

Machine shops Leather goods Metal working

manufacturing
Libraries
Post offices Horse stables

Paper process Printing and Dry cleaners

plants publishing Feed mills
10-Sep-19 21
 EXTRA HAZARD (GROUP 1)

 Extra hazard (Group 1) occupancies shall be defined as

occupancies or portions of other occupancies where the
quantity and combustibility of contents are very high and
dust, lint, or other materials are present, introducing the
probability of rapidly developing fires with high rates of heat
release but with little or no combustible or flammable liquids.

10-Sep-19 22
 EXTRA HAZARD GROUP(1)EXAMPLES

Printing [using
Aircraft hangars inks having flash Metal extruding
points below
100°F (38°C)]

particle board Combustible

hydraulic fluid Die casting
manufacturing
use areas

10-Sep-19 23
 EXTRA HAZARD (GROUP 2)

 Extra hazard (Group 2) occupancies shall be defined as

occupancies or portions of other occupancies with moderate
to substantial amounts of flammable or combustible liquids or
occupancies where shielding of combustibles is extensive.

10-Sep-19 24
 EXTRA HAZARD GROUP(2)EXAMPLES

Flammable Asphalt
liquids spraying saturating

Plastics Open oil

processing quenching

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 P ROT E C TION A RE A S A N D M A X I MUM SPAC I N G
( STA NDARD SP RAY UP RI G H T & P E N DE N T )
LI G H T H A Z A RD

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 P ROT E C TION A RE A S A N D M A X I MUM SPAC I N G
STA NDARD SP RAY UP RI G H T & P E N DE N T
FOR ORDI N A RY H A Z A RD

10-Sep-19 27
 P ROT E C TION A RE A S A N D M A X I MUM SPAC I N G
STA NDARD SP RAY UP RI G H T & P E N DE N T
FOR E X T RA H A Z A RD

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 4. T YPES OF BUILDING OCCUPANCIES

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 WHEN TO USE SPRINKLER SYSTEM?!

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 WHEN TO USE SPRINKLER SYSTEM?! ½
AT OFFICE BUILDING(EXAMPLE)

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 WHEN TO USE SPRINKLER SYSTEM?! 2/2

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