BRONFENBRENNER

BIOECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY

‘’A child’s growth is the result of continuous interaction between their biology, relationships,
and changing environments over time.’’
 INTRODUCTION

Bronfenbrenner’s model also known as the Bioecological Systems Theory presents

child development within the context of relationship systems that comprise the
child’s environment. The model is composed of 5 environmental systems which are
the MICROSYSTEM, MESOSYSTEM, EXOSYSTEM, MACROSYSTEM, and the
CHRONOSYSTEM.

The child’s growing and developing body and the interplay between his/her
immediate family/community environment, and the societal landscape fuel and
steer his/her development.
 first Environmental Systems

Example of Microsystems:

1. Family
2. School
3. Peers
4. Neighborhood
5.Caregivers

Key Characteristics:

MICROSYSTEM
Most immediate level of influence
Involves personal relationships
It’s the inner most level of Influence is bi-directorial
Bronfenbrenner’s theory. It’s the
immediate environment where the child
has direct interactions with people. 1
 Second Environmental Systems

Example of Microsystems:

1. Parents - Teacher Communication

2. Family - Peer Interaction
3. School - Community Programs
4. Home - Religious Institution

Key Points:
It links consistent interactions
together.
Healthy, consistent interactions
support the child’s environment.
MESOSYSTEM Conflict or mismatch between
settings can cause stress or
confusion.
It refers to the interconnections
between two or more microsystems in
a child’s life. 2
 third Environmental Systems

Example of Exosystems:

1. Family-Related
2. Education-Related
3. Health Services

Example of Exosystems:
[
1. Indirect Influence

exosystem
2. Affects Daily Life and Development
3. The Child Has No Active Role
It refers to the social settings that do not 4. Part of the Larger Social Context
directly involve the individual but still
influence their development. These are
external environments where the child is
not actively involved but are affected by
events that occur there. 3
 fourth Environmental Systems

Example of Macrosystems:

1. Cultural Values
2. Economic Systems
3. Religious Beliefs
4. Gender Role Expectations

Key Points:

1. Wider Cultural Context

2. Includes Cultural Values & Beliefs
MACROSYSTEM 3.
4.
Shapes Expectations & Norms
Indirect Influence
The larger cultural and societal 5. Context-Specific
influences that shapes a
person/s development.
4
 fifth Environmental Systems

Example of Macrosystems:

1. Change in family income

2. Pandemic
3. Moving to a new country

keypoints:

ChronoSYSTEM 1. Changes over time

2. Impact can be gradual or long-
It’s about how time and change shape a lasting
person’s experiences. It looks both
personal life events and bigger historical
or cultural shifts.
5
 CHRONOSYSTEM

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8
TIME
Conclusions

Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological System Theory reminds us that a child’s

development is shaped by multiple environments, from close family to
broader cultural forces - and that these systems are interconnected.

As educatiors, parents, and members of society, understanding these

systems helps us support children better.

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The End
Thank You for Listening

KATE SHEENA MAE Z. FRANCISCO