Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

Region V (Bicol)
Libon Community College
Libon, Albay

MC LIT 3 SURVEY OF THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

LITERATURE AFTER EDSA

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the discussion, the students are expected to:
A. Recognize Filipino authors in the period after EDSA.
B. Expound on the salient characteristics of post-EDSA literature.
C. Compare and contrast the themes of various literary pieces in this period.

Characteristics of Post-EDSA Literature

The post-EDSA was a period of transition from decades of "guided newspapering" to that of free
and responsible journalism. Pro- Marcos "establishment" newspapers closed shop while the alternative
press became the mainstream media.
• The (NCCA) National Commission of Culture and Arts was created by the law.
• Happened after the EDSA Revolution that brought democracy and development potentials
back in the country.
• Post-EDSA publishing has been marked by adventurousness, a willingness to gamble on
“non-traditional” projects.
• Transition period from “guided newspapering” to free and responsible journalism.
• Liberalization and deregulation of telecom sectors and mass-based information technologies.

1986 marks the new beginning of a new scene For Filipino writers and artists. (NGO) non-
governmental organizations have helped hand in hand with some institutions in giving
recognition to writers from specific sectors in the society. These NGOs includes:
1. Amado V. Hernandez Foundation;
2. the GAPAS foundation, and
3. the KAIBIGAN

The Aquino government sequestered the following media:

1. Pro-Marcos establishment newspapers,
2. the Journal group of Publications,
3. Bulletin Today and Philippine Daily Express.
4. Major broadcast stations owned by Marcos’s cronies were also sequestered by the Aquino
government.

Marcos’s loyalists – became mouthpiece of anti-government forces which launched a series of coup
attempts against cory government.

Cory government – according to Press Secretary Teodoro Benigno, is at a loss, saying: “if you move
to control them (media), you are not practicing democracy. If you don’t move against them, the very
democracy you want to protect might just crumble”.

In 1987, The (PPI) Philippine Press Institute the pre-martial rule association of newspapers and
magazines nationwide was revived. The journalist was Adlai Amor and Alice Colet-Villadolid at the
forefront. Its mission was:
1. To professionalize the Philippine press through continuing education,
2. Adoption of the Journalists Code of Ethics,
3. Publications and
4. The giving of Community Press Awards
 5. The (PPC) Philippine Press Council by PPI in 1998 composed of Reader’s Advocates or
news ombudsmen who were to ensure higher ethical standards in the newspapers they
represent

Function of the Philippine Press Institute (PPI)

The institute conducts training programs and organizes educational activities for Filipino
journalists, seeks to protect their rights and freedoms in the pursuit of their practice, creates and
introduces opportunities for the development of the journalist as a practitioner.

In 1989, the Advertising Foundation of the Philippines was organized as the "social
development" arm of the industry through development advertising. The period saw media personalities
invading politics. There was the liberalization and deregulation of the telecom sector and the
emergence of mass-based Information Technologies (PCs, cellular technology).

In 1929, Florentino Garriz the first Filipino to belong to an advertising organization. He founded
the first Filipino-owned agency, the Philippine Advertising Bureau. In 1958, Antonio de Joya, known as
the “dean” of Philippine Advertising in what was then a young and thriving industry, formed a company
called Advertising Marketing Associates (AMA), the forerunner of DDB Group Philippines. He founded
the first advertising agency in the Philippines.

Pre-martial law media establishments were revived, in which ownership of these revived
news-papers changed hands either due to economic reasons or the new policy which
prohibited cross-media ownership:
1. Roceses’ Manila Times
2. Lopezes’ Manila Chronicle & ABS-CBN Radio-TV re-acquisition
3. Elizaldezes’ Manila Standard to complement their radio network – Manila Broadcasting
Company

Media ownership remained in the hands of individuals and families engaged in diverse
business interests. This is expected considering the capital-intensive nature of media
and the low return-on-investment (ROI), if any, of newspapers. The new owners include:
1. Prietos of Philippine Daily Inquirer
2. Yap of Bulletin Today
3. Gokongweis of Manila Times
4. Go-Belmonte of Star Group of Publications
5. Coyuito of Manila Chronicle
6. Cabangon Chua of Graphic Magazine
7. Locsins of Free Press

In the Broadcast Media, the owners include:

1. Lopezes for ABS-CBN

2. Jimenez and Duavit for GMA Radio Television Arts
3. Tan of ABC-5

Themes and Motifs of literary works in Post-EDSA Revolution era:

 Violation of human rights

 Poverty
 OFW experiences
 Nationalism
 Feminism

'GAPÔ by Lualhati Bautista (1988)

'GAPÔ is a 1988 Tagalog novel written by award-winning Filipino author Lualhati Bautista. Its
complete title is 'GAPÔ at isang puting Pilipino, sa mundo ng mga Amerikanong kulay brown which
means "'Gapô and one white Filipino, in a world of brown Americans" in translation.

'GAPÔ
 Isang security guard na kano sa base-militar ang nakapatay ng Pilipino. Tumangging isuko ng
militar-Amerikano sa korte ng Pilipinas ang bata nilang kriminal. Lahat daw ng imbestigasyon sa loob
ng base-Amerikano ay kailangan munang basbasan ng mga taga-American Department of Defense.
Ikinulong ng mga kano ang isang minerong Pinoy sa salang pagpasok nang walang pahintulot sa "lupa
nila". Dapat lang daw, sabi ng Attorney General Herbert Brownell: dahil lupang-kano daw ang bawa't
piye ng lupang-Pilipinas na nasa disposisyon ng mga kano. Isang batang pinoy ang binaril ng isang
kano sa Clark. Isang mangingisdang pinoy ang pinatay ng isang kano sa Subic. Isang pinoy ang
napagkamalang baboy-damo at walang awang binaril ng mangangasong kano. Alam mo ang
ginagawa ng mga kano? Lilitisin nila nang mabilisan ang bata nila, ipawawalang-sala, saka pauuwiin sa
Amerika. Minsan nga, hindi na nililitis; pauuwiin na lang agad, sa katwirang tapos na ang kontrata nito
sa Pilipinas. Maghabol man tayo, wala na ni bakas ng sapatos ng hinahabol natin. Sabi ng iba, wala
raw tayong magagawa. Base iyon. Sa kano 'yon. Pero gago, hindi sa kano 'yon. Atin 'yon. Lupa natin
'yon. Saka di totoong wala tayong magagawa. Magagawa nating lumaban.

Motifs
 Literary theories developed within the feminist movement abroad
 number of books written by women and about women
 broad specimens of women writing
 Existentialism and search for identity in varying levels and settings
 Deception and violence perpetuated by those in power
 Bata, Bata... Pa'no Ka Ginawa? (1988) by Lualhati Baiutista

Medium language
English, Filipino and “Palanca” which is a synonym for quality literary works in both English and Filipino
are the languages used in the literary pieces by the authors.

Dominant Forms
 Modern Poetry - new style of poetry writing in Tagalog
 Modern short story - stories set in Philippines in English language
 Novel
 Essay
 Drama
 Short stories

Representative writers and sample texts:

Gilda Olvidado
- Huwag Mo Kaming Isumpa (1986)
- Saan nagtatago ang pag-ibig? (1987)
- Pinulot ka lang sa lupa(1987)
- Magkano ang iyong dangal? (1988)
- Babangon ako at dudurugin kita (1989)
Magno ‘Carlo’ Jose Caparas

- Joaquin Bordado (1988)

- Kamagong (1986)
- Sandakot na bala (1988)

Jessica Zafra - Manananggal Terrorizes (1992)

Nicomendes Marques Joaquin

- The quartet of the tiger moon: Scenes from the People’s power Apocalypse (1986)
 - Collected verse (1987)

Domingo Landicho - A grain of dreams (1987)

Jose Dalisay - Killing time in a warm place (1992)

Azucena Grajo Uranza - Bamboo in the Wind (1990)

FAMOUS AUTHORS
• Lilia Quindoza Santiago
Luis Quindoza Santiago was a writer and academic in the Philippines. She
was named Makata ng Taon, “Poet of the Year” in 1989, and wrote the prize-
winning novel and Kualayaw ng Agila.

Born: February 5, 1949, Manaoag

Died: February 15, 2021
Books: In the Name of the mother: 100 Years of Philippine Feminist Poetry, 1889-1989, MORE
Awards: Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Short Story In Filipino, MORE
Short stories: Bayanggudaw, Mag-ambahan tayo, Talsik ng Liwanag sa Mata ng Isang Musmos, Siak
Ti Interpreteryo
Nominations: Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Short Story in Filipino, MORE
Edited works: Women Empowering Communication: A Resource Book on Women and the
Globalization of Media, MORE

Her published works notably include the poetry collections Kagampan (1969) and Asintada
(1997), and the short story collection Ang Maggagamot ng Salay-salay at iba Pang Kuwento [1989).

Charlson Ong
A resident fellow of the institute of Creative writing and
fictionist/scriptwriter/singer extraordinaire, was born on July 6, 1960.
He has won several awards for his fiction including the
 Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards
 Asia week Magazine short story prize
 Philippine National Centennial Celebration Award for the Novel
 PH National Book Award
 Gawad Balagtas (Lifetime achievement award from the Writers' Union of the Philippines)

Charlson Ong is a muti-awarded fictionist who has received, among others:

- a Palanca award for his short story “The Trouble in Beijing”
- a second-place Philippine Centennial Literary Prize for his novel, "An Embarrassment of
Riches”
- several National Book Awards tor his works across the years.

• Jose Dalisay Jr.

Born: January 15, 1954 (age 69 years], Romblon
a Filipino writer. He has won numerous awards and prizes for fiction, poetry, drama,
non-fiction and screenwriting, including 16 Palanca Awards.

Short stories

- The other Side - The woman in the Box

 - Agcalan Point - Old-timer
- The body - Merlie
- Heartland

Genre: Fiction, poetry. drama, nonfiction and Screenwriting

Awards: Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Poetry.
Education: University of Michigan.

Among his numerous books are

- Old-timer and other stories |Asphodel, 1984; U.P. Press, 2003|:
- Sarcophagus and other stories (U.P. Press, 1992);
- Killing time in a warm place (anvil,1992);
- Madilim ang Gabi sa Laot at iba pang mga dula ng ligaw na pag-ibig (U.P.)

• Ricardo Lee
Ricardo Arracla Lee is a Filipino screenwriter, journalist, novelist, and
playwright. He was conferred the Order of National Artists of the Philippines for Film
and Broadcast Arts in 2022. He focuses on helping individuals identify stories they
gravitate towards and suggests paths they can tread in the process.

- Born: March 19, 1948 (age 75 years). Daet

- Education: University of the Philippines Diliman
- Awards: Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Short Story In Filipino
- Nationalty Philippine
- TV shows: Magkaribal, Gumapang Ka sa Lusak
- Filmography
- Starting in 1973, he has written more than 180 film screenplays

Ricky Lee’s notable works include screenplays for acclaimed films like.
- “Himala”, “Jose Rizal”
- “The flor Contemplacion story”
- “Muro Ami”, and “Deathrow”

His two short stories “Huwag mong kukwentuhan ang batang si Hweng Fu” and “Servando
magdamag” won the first prize at the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards.
 Dragnet (co-writer, uncredited: 1973)
 Itim (co-Writer, uncredited; 1976)
 Pabonggahan (documentary 1979)
 Jaguar (1979)
 Miss X(1980)
 Brutal (1980)
 Playgirl (1981)
 Carnival queen (1981)

Danton Remoto

 Danton Remoto is a Filipino writer, essayist, reporter, editor,

columnist, and professor. Was born March 25 1963, in Floridablanca
 Remoto was a first prize recipient at the ASEAN Letter-Writing
Contest for Young People. The chairman emeritus of Ang Ladlad, a
lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender LGBTQ) political party in the
Philippines.
 A professor and teaches English and Journalism at the Ateneo de
Manila University.

Literary Works

 The way we live  Skin, Voices, Faces  Translating Desire

 Ladlad  X-Factor  A Teacher Tale
 Conversation  Ladlad
Contributions
 In 1987, Remoto won the Palanca Award for essay writing.
 He is a three-time Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)awardee for poetry.
 He won the Stirling District Arts Council Award for poetry and short story writing twice in 1989,
and again in 1990.
 In 1993, Remoto became the Procyon Prize winner for poetry.

Marjorie Evasco

 Marjorie Evasco is a Filipina poet born on September 21,

1953, in Maribojoc, Bohol, Philippines.
 She is known for writing in both English and Cebuano-Visayan,
and is regarded as one of the earliest Filipiná feminist poets
 Evasco is a recipient of numerous awards, including the
prestigious S.E.A. Write Award.

Famous Works

 Dream weavers (Poetry,1997)

 Six Women Poets: Inter/ Views ( Oral History,1986)
 Ochre Tones (Poetry, 1999)
 A life shaped by Music (Biography, 2001)

Contributions

 Her poetry often explores themes of social oppression and women's roles, aligning with the
period's focus on political and social change.
 Her works, including "Caravan of the “Water bearers" and "Regla sa Buwan ng Hunyo,"
emphasize feminist perspectives, reflecting the flourishing of feminist sentiments in Philippine
literature.
 She engages with regional languages and diverse literary styles, showcasing the experimental
nature of Post-EDSA literature. She has also fostered a supportive community for emerging
voices in the literary landscape.

Ruth Elyna S. Mabanglo

 Ruth Elyna S. Mabanglo is a renowned Filipino poet, writer, journalist,
and retired professor, born in Manila on March 30, 1949.
 Her works often delve into themes of culture, history, and social
issues, reflecting the complexities of the Filipino experience.
 She obtained her bachelor's degree in Filipino from the University of
the East, followed by a master's degree in Education from the
Philippine Normal College and a doctorate in Filipino and Literature
from Manuel L. Quezon University.
 Mabanglo has faced significant challenges in her early life, including the loss of her mother and
experiences of poverty, which have influenced her writing.

Famous Works

 Supling
 Mga Liham ni Pinay
 Kung Di Man
 Anyaya ng lmperyalista
  Kundiman ng Katipunan
 Mesa para sa lsa

Contribution to the literary period

 In the Post-EDSA literary period, Mabanglo has been recognized for her impactful works that
focus Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs).
 Her collection "Mga Liham ni Pinay", showcases her critical acclaim. Mabanglo's writing
addresses themes of female sexuality and social issues.

SHORT STORIES

A. THE VERY LAST STORY OF HULI

by Lillia Quindoza Santiago

SHORT BACKGROUND OF THE AUTHOR

Lilia Quindoza Santiago is the daughter of Victorino Quindoza of Sta. Cruz, Marinduque
and Buena Cadanilla of Solano, Nueva Vizcaya, and spouse of the songwriter Jesus Manuel
Santiago, mother of four children: Haya Pag-asa, Halina Mandala, Balagtas Himigbayan and
Daniw Plaridel. Born in Manaoag, Pangasinan but growing up and studying in Baguio City, she
writes in her writings on women's issues relating to Indigenous Peoples, Iloko and other ethnic
groups in the Philippines. She taught Filipino literature and creative writing at U.P., and became
Associate for Fiction in Likhaan: Creative Writing Centre, U.P. Diliman Quezon City. In 2004, she
was awarded the GAWAD Balagtas Union of Philippine Writers (UMPIL) and earned her an
Outstanding Professional Service Award from U.P. Alumni Association.

SETTING
The story began at dawn, when Huli, a mute, garbage woman, screamed loudly and
woke the people of her town, Dimatanto, which is also where the whole story occurred. The
story revolved around the time when Huli in Dimatanto, which started as her being a baby born
from a disgraced child from a rich family and to when the story ended, her left her mad (she was
planning on escaping the hospitalwhere she was brought to “change the society”, as the last
part of the story suggests). Interestingly, the name of the town, Dimatanto, is a word in the
Filipino language, which means “incomprehensible” or “not understandable”. This wordplay
seems a little self-evident but really crafty because it somehow explains the story of the people
against Huli, and as well as their lives as well, which can be both described as tangled, tattered
and does not know where it’s going.

CHARACTERS
The one of the character of the story is named Huli (the protagonist), as mentioned
earlier, is a mute, garbage woman. Although she is mute, she is not deaf, which means she has
heard all the things that people of Dimatanto have thrown against her. In this story, she was
frequently the talk of the town, because of her appearance and as well as her unknown origin,
specially, on how she came to Dimatanto. Huli, most of the time just ignores it, but when she
realized she could fight, she fought. Sadly, her resistance to violence using violence did not do
any good to her because she lost her mind and killed a man along the way. I find that this
character symbolizes helplessness, when we cannot speak and stand for ourselves and how in
these times of helplessness, we wake up our inner demons and do the things which we become
delusional and impose new kinds of values.
 The character also symbolizes the poor Filipino people, criticizing and lamenting the very
society where they belong, a society where their voices cannot be heard and the result of this is
very devastating that those poor people cause destruction upon themselves. Another thing to
point out is that Huli learned how to express her sadness and frustrations from the social
bondage that disables her from protecting herself from the hurtful stories of the people who do
not know her since she cannot speak from herself through nothing. It’s as if the author wants to
show the effects of vulnerability and frustration, as stated earlier. Another character from this
story is Francisca, Huli’s mother and the town’s tailor. The town thought of her as Huli’s aunt,
because she introduces Huli as her niece.
Francisca gave birth to Huli without her lover (presumably) with her. This made her
family angry, and then tried to kill her baby. She then escaped went to take care of her baby on
her own. She loved Huli, but introduced her as her niece because she is afraid of what the
people may say about her. The character shows an incredible aspect of humanity, love and as
well as one of its terrible aspect, cowardice, cowardice from staining her and her family’s
reputation. Francisca helped shape the main character’s attitude towards people, on how
people can show humanity but have within themselves an underlying sickness beneath all it.
Even though Huli seemed helpless after her mother died, there was another person who
took care of her, which was Tinyong, the barangay tanod, whom Huli had slain at the dawn.
Tinyong helped her to survive. She took care of her, like he took care of his family. But for the
people of Dimatanto, his goodness was misunderstood. He seemed to have made Huli his
mistress. This character is the representation of goodness in the society; a voice for the
helpless, so to speak. Although his too much goodness did him nothing good, for he was killed.
He suffered the consequences of evil, by evil, meaning the things people of Dimatanto have
done against her. Instead of teaching Huli to fend for herself, he took care of her, which was the
last thing Huli should do. The goodness on her only sufficed physical needs. It made her feel
accepted and fed, but deep within her, is a voice that only wants to be heard. Instead of Tinyong
being a medium of goodness, he was a person who only knows how to pity.
He became a test of Huli’s underlying capability: to do evil. One of the people that
pushed Huli to do such a horrendous thing is the town investigator. This character sexually
harassed Huli. This character symbolizes evil in the society, who always hides from sight.
Someone who is capable of doing evil, for the sake of evil. The seemingly uncontrollable force,
a force that is exerted by the person who cannot control it. A force that exists only for itself and
concerned only for itself, the sustenance of it hunger and the destruction of everything. The
investigator is the one who triggered Huli to kill Tinyong because, presumably, Huli felt tired of
being bullied around, so he put out all his anger to Tinyong, who was just trying to help her. Of
all the character’s that surrounded Huli, this is the one that seemed the most important, the
people of Dimatanto. The people of the town was the one that set Huli’s eyes on fire. It made
her aware of the people, how they live and how they kill (by killing, meaning, destroying the
environment and etc.). It made her see the people’s path towards the future, only concerned
with looking as pleasant as possible, and is very crooked and tangled and do not know where
it’s going.
The way that their stories about Huli can also be described like this, full of unnecessary
details and very wrong. This made Huli mad, thinking that if she physically acts out against this
kind of thing, she could change everything. The people of Dimatanto also created the children in
the cemetery, which Huli always talks to. Of course, all of these are in her mind, but those
manifestations sprung from her sadness and anger of the people, which lead to her
understanding of the people, the poor and indecisive people of Dimatanto. These “children”
taught Huli to become human.

PLOT
The plot surrounds on Huli’s life, from her deafening shrill at dawn from killing Tinyong,
her life as garbage woman roaming around the streets, then going back in time to tell to tell her
story since she was a child, when she grew to be abused for her disability, and to her on the
caring hands of Tinyong, her being molested by the town investigator, up to her murdering
Tinyong and on the last part, which is just a lamentation of all the things that happened to her
and the town. The story also discussed her mother’s life briefly, her frustrations about being
 voiceless and helpless, and of her being with and eventually being away, together with the
“children of the dark”.

ANALYSIS OF THE THEME

A lot of themes can be brought from this story, like the triumph of evil over good or the
magnitude of the effects of bullying, and a lot more but, the story seems to emphasize the plight
of the Filipino society. The story emphasizes the voiceless Filipino people, which was mentioned
a lot earlier, and how these unheard voices are always controlled and modified and manipulated
for the sake of an unknown gain. This means that Filipino focuses on molding itself into a nation
of seemingly unspeakable magnanimity but refuses to start the change within themselves. Most
of the Filipino people focus on the large picture and not concerned with the tiny yet very intricate
and important aspect of the society. This brings total chaos and severe consequences for the
people, because what they created is a dysfunctional and crippled society, barely moving
because of disability. As for the triumph of evil over good, it is important to think that Huli is
good, but what she did was evil, so her frustrations led her to do something horrible towards
someone.

B. Charlson Ong: The Execution

The Execution by Charlson Ong is a short

story that depicts a pic of what a certain
Chinese family has experienced during the
martial law era.

It talks about freedom and justice during that era and how a certain Chinese family faces the challenges
of looting from martial law, specifically the death of a father's friend and their family's involvement.
Mario Lim a storyteller and a kid, narrates on how the execution of a gunshot by his father's
acquaintance, changed his father and their family. His father since then lived in the dark and did not
bother them until his last breath, he was saddened by how the government put all the blame to God for
his illegal smuggling and how a Christian country abides with a death penalty law.

Setting aside the Christian principles, the execution by Charleston all reflects the life and experiences
of the Chinese people living in the Philippines during the martial law era. The author describes the
situation they have during the martial law era, based on the third paragraph we had no colored
television back then the rest of the world outside home family and school was so much black and white
for them, as we all know how Filipino kids back then had no life outside their homes and the Chinese
kids are also not an exception in the story, Mario's father is a friend of God.

A Chinese illegal smuggler who has been sentenced to death in fear of the consequences of being
related to god his mother does not want his father to get involved. Later in the story his father planned
on seeing the ambassador saying that gun has no right to be jailed for he was a Chinese citizen,
however you answered that the government acts with proof that could not agree, he even stated the
following days they will be holding China. It could be interpreted that based on been the government
has not enough proof of killing God vast. We can say that people back the internet blind to the
terribleness of the law but because of fear the people have turned blind eye.

On the issue up until the present lots of facts and frauds have been circulating whether the government
will let the martial law have that illegal killing, in the last paragraph Mario heard a burst of gunfire he
then said that his father was there we can say that these last lines have reflected in how his father had
already died long before they were not given attention by their father since the death of God.

It also implies the death of their family of how they lost their father and how his poor parents
relationship was because of their execution, it gives a peek of how by the experiences of the families
who have a family member who were executed during the martial law.
The story was set in the initial years of the martial period when president Marcos declared martial law
September 23, 1972 but according to the story the execution of the gunshot happened on January 15,
1973. So, the story contained the following things: the first one is death because of guns. Death greatly
affected Mario's family in a negative way, so Mario's family, specifically his father was greatly affected
by gunshot execution, because after the execution his father behaved in a way that Mario's family
cannot feel his presence anymore.

Hence life should not be destroyed just in the hope that other lives might be saved, there may be truth
to such arguments but the fear of dying is also a strong motivation to hinder an individual from doing a
certain type of activity such as selling illegal drugs to people, another argument against the death
penalty is that imprisonment is sufficient punishment for those who commit crimes and are convicted, it
is even argued that reform is possible when a convict experiences incarceration. After reading the story
and after reading this article, it is clear that Charlson was inspired by this real life event in writing his
short story. In conclusion the execution by Charlson Ong is a peak of the life of a Chinese kid Mario
and his family during the regime of Ferdinand Marcos in the era of martial law it tells a story of how the
death penalty of his father's acquaintance had huge effect on their family with the kid losing his father
emotionally and his father losing himself due to guilt, it gives the us an idea of how terrible. it has been
not only to all the Filipinos but also to the Chinese who live in the country.

C. AMONG THE DISAPPEARED by Ricardo Lee

AUTHOR: Ricardo Lee

 • A fictionist, journalist, and a playwright of a giant play in Philippine
Cinema.
 • Has written more than 150 film scripts since 1973, earning him
more than 50 trophies from various award giving bodies, including a
2003 Natatanging Gawad Urian Lifetime Achievement Award from
the Manunuri ng Pelikulang Pilipino.
 • Has worked with the best Filipino directors and many of his films
have been screened in the international film festival circuit in
Cannes, Toronto, and Berlin among others.

SUMMARY
 In 1972, martial law was declared in the Philippines, marking a dark period of repression.
Homes were raided, people arrested, and media outlets shut down. Many went underground,
adopting new identities to avoid capture. Jun-Jun was born during this era, raised by abusive
adoptive parents, and always lived in fear. Though gifted in singing, he withdrew from it under
pressure and abuse. At seventeen, he disappeared, wandering the streets as a lost soul. He met
various people, like the impersonator Pongka-Pongka, who also endured a painful life filled with
rejection and abuse. Jun-Jun later encountered Mitch Valdez, a fallen star who hid her own sadness
behind laughter.
 Haunted by a desire to discover his true family, Jun-Jun uncovered the truth: his parents
were revolutionaries, targeted by the military. In a rally, he saw his face on a placard calling for
justice for his father, who was murdered in front of him as a child. His grandmother confirmed his
lineage, and he learned that his mother, Amy, was a legendary guerrilla fighter. With the help of his
mother's comrade, Dante, and his friend Gene, now also part of the movement, Jun-Jun found Amy.
He watched over her without revealing himself until, during a military raid, he tried to protect her and
was mortally wounded. In his final moments, Jun-Jun's presence became tangible as he shielded
his mother, reuniting with his true identity and finally achieving peace.
 When he awoke, he found his friends and family rejoicing; he had returned from the
shadows, finally whole.

CHARACTERS:
• Jun-Jun • Gene • Pongka-Pongka • Mitch Valdez • Manny and Amy • Dante
 D. GEYLUV by Honorio De Dios

AUTHOR: Honorio De Dios

Born in Marilao, Bulacan
• was a seminarian who studied sociology
• works with national and international development organizations as a
humanitarian worker, researcher and trainer on participatory action
research and disaster risk reduction.
He teaches part-time in Ateneo de Manila. University and farms in
Legaspi City, Albay

SUMMARY
"Geyluv" by Hanono Bartolome de Dios is a short story that explores the complexities of love
and friendship between two men, Berje and Mäe, who have different sexual orientations. Benjie,
a gay man, falls in love with hiu straight friend Mike. The story delves into Benjie's internal
struggles and emotions as he navigates his feelings for Mike, who is unaware of Benjie's
romantic interest.

CHARACTERS:

Benjie - A homosexual man who falls in love with Mike. Benjie is described as energetic, fun and
loving, but also feels underappreciated and discriminated against because of his sexual orientation. He
has been hurt many times in the past but remains hopeful that he will find true love.

Mike - A handsome bachelor who becomes friends with Benjie. Mike is initially unsure about his
feelings for Benjie but eventually falls in love with him. He is described as attractive, intelligent, and
masculine, but struggles with accepting his feelings for another man.

REFERENCES

Ong, C. (n d.) The execution: thematic analysis. Retrieved from

https://www.scribd.com/document/545418077/charlson-ong-the-execution-thematic-analysis-1
University of Southern Mindanao (n.d.) ENG-ED 223 Module contents Chap 6 Rev.
Retrieved from https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/university-of-southern-mindanao/
liteartures-of-the-philippines/eng-ed-223-module-contents-chap-6-rev/79005042
Mago, Ivy (2024, November, 11) Group 3 Post EDSA Philippine Literature (Part 2).
YouTube https://youtube.com/watch?v=8DqjzKCLL9E&si=-Xtzq7diJhxKd0ZF

Prepared by:
Kenneth Angelo M. Nueva
Syra Jean T. Reforsado
Aubrey L. Catarinin
Jen Christine R. Maurillo
Shaina S. Benamir
Noted:
Richard S. Talagtag, MAEd - English