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GANDHI SCHOOL ANCOL
PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION
ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-2025
SUBJECT: PHYSICS DURATION: 2 Hrs
GRADE: 10 (IB) MAXIMUM MARKS: 60
DATE: 23 Jan. 2025
SUBJECT TEACHER: Mr. Abhilash sharma
STUDENT’S NAME:
INSTURCTIONS:
➢ This set of EXAM paper consists of 8 Pages
➢ Answer all the questions
➢ This paper contains 7 Structured Questions.
➢ Use black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagram or graphs.
➢ Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
➢ Read all the instructions and questions thoroughly before you attempt to answer.
➢ Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid/tape.
➢ You may use the calculators.
➢ You should show all your working and use appropriate units.
➢ Take the weight of 1.0 kg to be 9.8 N (acceleration of free fall = 9.8 m / s 2).
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 60.
• Any rough working should be done on this question paper.
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1. (a) (i) State the difference between a scalar quantity and a vector quantity.
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(ii) State two examples of each type of quantity.
scalar quantity vector quantity
1 ...................................................... 1 ......................................................
2 ...................................................... 2 ......................................................
[2]
(b) Fig. shows the direction and size of two vectors P and Q.
In the space next to Fig., draw a labelled vector diagram to show the resultant vector
obtained by adding vector P to vector Q.
Draw vector P, vector Q and the resultant vector to the same scale as in Fig.
[2]
[Total: 6]
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2. Fig. shows a balloon inflated with air.
The pressure of the air at the inner surface of the balloon keeps the rubber stretched.
(a) Define pressure and mention its SI unit.
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(b) Explain, in terms of the momentum of the molecules, why there is a pressure at the inner surface
of the balloon.
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(c) The volume of the air in the balloon is 630 cm3 and the pressure of the air in the balloon is
1.0 × 105 Pa. The balloon is tied to a heavy stone and dropped into a lake. The balloon is pulled down
quickly and the temperature of the air inside does not change.
Calculate the volume of the air when the pressure of the air is 1.4 × 10 5 Pa.
[2]
[Total: 8]
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3. (a) Fig. shows a waterfall.
(i) Describe the main energy transfer which is taking place as the water falls.
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(ii) The speed of the water as it hits the bottom is 21 m / s. Calculate the height h of the waterfall.
height = ........................................................ [3]
(iii) State and explain any assumption you made in (ii).
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(b) The Sun is the source of energy for most energy resources used to produce electricity.
State two energy resources that have another source for their energy.
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[Total: 8]
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4. An aluminium saucepan with a plastic handle contains cold water. Fig. shows the saucepan on a
hotplate.
(a) State why the pan is made from aluminum but the handle is made from plastic.
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(b) The hotplate is switched on and, as the temperature of the water increases, the internal
energy of the water increases.
(i) State, in terms of molecules, what is meant by an increase in internal energy.
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(ii) Explain, in terms of the atomic lattice and electrons, how thermal energy is transferred
through the aluminum.
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(iii) Eventually, the water reaches boiling point. Thermal energy from the hotplate is still
being transferred to the water.
Explain, in terms of molecules, the effect of this thermal energy on the water.
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[Total: 9]
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5. Fig. is a full-scale diagram of a small nail N in front of a thin converging lens. The line L represents
the lens.
The focal length of the lens is 3.0 cm.
(a) Rays of light, parallel to XY, are travelling towards the lens.
Describe what happens to the light after it passes through the lens.
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(b) On Fig, mark and label with an F each of the two principal focuses of the lens. [1]
(c) The small nail N, of height 1.2 cm, is positioned 2.0 cm to the left of the lens.
(i) By drawing on Fig. , find the position of the image I of N and add image I to the
diagram. [3]
(ii) State and explain whether I is a real or a virtual image.
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... [1]
[Total: 8]
6. (a) Complete the sentences about sound. Use words from the box above each sentence.
(i) glows reflects refracts vibrates
Sound is produced when a source ...................................................... [1]
(ii) electromagnetic longitudinal transverse
Sound waves are ...................................................... waves. [1]
(iii) metal vacuum liquid
Sound waves cannot travel through a ...................................................... [1]
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(a) Humans, elephants, mice, and dolphins have different hearing ranges. Fig. 1 shows the
hearing range for each type of animal.
Fig. 1
(i) State the lowest frequency of sound that can be heard by mice.
......................................................Hz [1]
(ii) State the highest frequency of sound that can be heard by elephants.
......................................................Hz [1]
(iii) Explain how the chart shows that elephants can hear some sounds that humans cannot
hear.
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(iv) State the term given to the high frequencies that dolphins can hear but humans cannot
hear.
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[Total:8]
7 .(a) Fig. 9.1 represents the conversion of energy in a mobile phone.
(i) State the form of energy stored in the battery.
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(ii) State the useful form of output energy from the battery.
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(iii) State two useful forms of output energy from the mobile phone.
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(b) When the battery is in use, the average current is 1.3 mA.
Determine the charge that passes through the battery in a time of 2.0 minutes.
charge = ......................................................... [2]
(c) A student estimates the thermal energy produced in the battery when the mobile phone is
used and uses this value to estimate the efficiency of the battery.
He measures a temperature rise of 5.0 °C within the battery in a period of time when the
useful energy output from the battery is 5200 J.
The mass of the battery is 110 g and its specific heat capacity is 830 J / (kg °C).
(i) Calculate the thermal energy (heat) needed to raise the temperature of the battery by 5.0 °C.
thermal energy = ......................................................... [3]
(ii) State what is meant by efficiency.
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(iii) Calculate the efficiency of the battery.
efficiency = ......................................................... [2]
(iv) Suggest and explain one reason why the value for the efficiency calculated in (iii) is larger than
the actual efficiency of the battery.
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[Total: 15]
