ISSN (Online) 2581-9429

IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)
International Open-Access, Double-Blind, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Multidisciplinary Online Journal
Impact Factor: 7.53 Volume 4, Issue 4, March 2024

Railway Accident Prevention Using Sensor

Mrs. KavitaN Ahire1, Kinjal Baviskar2, Kanchan Bhamare3, Pavan Chhajed4, Arpita Jadhav5
Department of Computer Technology1,2,3,4,5
K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

Abstract: Rail accidents pose a significant threat to both human life and infrastructure. This abstract
presents a comprehensive overview of the railway accident prevention system that incorporates various
sensors for effective monitoring and early detection of potential threats. The proposed system includes
sensors such as ultrasonic Sensor and Vibration Sensor. These sensors work in tandem to collect real-time
data on various parameters, including train location, Accident, obstacles on the track. Obstacles on the
right of way of the train can cause derailment, collision, injuries to train passengers and loss of properties,
Railway accident prevention and protection are a key part of a wider picture of transport safety. so, there is
a need to look at various ways to prevent or reduce the frequency and severity of these accidents by using
Arduino based safety system to mitigate these accidents. The aim of this paper is to simulate a program in
Proteus to detect obstacles on the right of way of trains. Arduino code is written to detect obstacle on the
track in the train. By implementing these features in real time application, we can avoid accidents up to a
very significant margin. The railway accident prevention system aims to minimize the occurrence of
accidents, reduce response time, and enhance overall safety in railway operations through the use of
advanced sensor technologies.

Keywords: Vibration Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor, Relay, Motor, GPS tracking, Accident.

I. INTRODUCTION
Railway accidents have been a cause of concern for both passengers and authorities, leading to a dire need for effective
accident prevention measures. In recent years, the advancements in sensor technology have provided a promising
solution to enhance railway safety. By utilizing sensors, we can eliminate or reduce the risk of accidents by detecting
potential hazards and warning the concerned parties in real-time. Unfortunately, there have been many accidents
involved in the railways. Not only in India, a lot of countries railway faces many collisions during travelling in every
year as a result happened lot of damages, harm and mortalities. But if we add Anti Collision Technology (ACT) in
railway then we can prevent any types of collision. It is a modern technology which can be detect collision obstacle
from particular distance of train and prevent collision energetically and efficiently by using Arduino microcontroller,
ultrasonic sensor and vibration sensor with embedded system. These sensors are designed to continuously monitor the
track conditions, train behaviour, and nearby surroundings to identify any potential dangers that could lead to accidents.
For instance, by using vibration sensors, we can detect abnormalities in railway tracks, such as cracks or breaks, that
could cause derailment or accidents. Furthermore, motion sensors installed at critical locations can detect unauthorised
movement or trespassing on the railway tracks, enabling immediate intervention to prevent accidents. These sensors can
also detect the presence of any objects or obstructions on the tracks, allowing train operators to react in a timely
manner.

II. METHODOLOGY
The main elements of the prototype model of an Accident prevention system using Sensors for Railway safety
messaging are GSM module and Arduino UNO. The proposed system consists of several sensors, Vibration Sensors,
UltrasonicSensors. The detection of the train is tracked via round trip time of the ultrasonic sensor and a micro-
controller is used together with a GPS module to detect accidents. Hence there is two-way communication between the
train and the control room. The proposed system is implemented by controlling the automated doors according to the
reading of the sensors. When the sensors detect the movement of the rail, they can indicate this in real time through a
buzzer and the message, which will eventually close the doors installed at the level crossing. In addition, the

Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-15989 547

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 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)
International Open-Access, Double-Blind, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Multidisciplinary Online Journal
Impact Factor: 7.53 Volume 4, Issue 4, March 2024

coordinates of the rail are transmitted via the GPS module, the GPS module continuously monitors the location.
Ultrasonic sensors can also detect the presence of any objects or obstructions on the tracks, allowing train operators to
react in a timely manner. This sensor is fitted in front of train engine to detect any obstacle present on track with in the
line of sight. It sends appropriate signal to train control system, which in-turn stops train immediately if an obstacle is
detected. If obstacle is detected then buzzer will be ON else the buzzer will be OFF Therefore, the stated goal is
achieved through real-time two-way communication between the control room and the rail via GPS modules. In this
research, a prototype is designed and tested in real time for various scenarios to demonstrate the effectiveness of the
proposed system.

III. LITERATURE REVIEW

Sarika R. Gujar explained advanced Embedded System of Vehicle Accident Detection and Tracking System. The main
objective of this system is to first detect the accident location and call for the emergency services. Vehicle accident
detection is possible with the help of sensors. A GPS and GSM module helps to trace the vehicle.
Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin has established, “Smart Helmet with Sensors for Accident Prevention. This paper
provides an intelligent system for two-wheeler accident prevention and detection for human life safety. The prevention
part involves, Smart Helmet, which automatically checks whether the person is wearing the helmet and has non-
alcoholic breath while driving.
Vijay J, Saritha B, Priyadharshini B, Deepeka S and Laxmi R (2011) has established, “Drunken Drive Protection
System”. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research. This system efficiently checks the wearing of
helmet and drunken driving. By implementing this system, a safe two-wheeler journey is possible which would
decrease the head injuries during accidents and also reduce the accidents due to drunken driving. An intelligent system
has been embedded in the helmet itself.
Harish Chandra Mohanta, Rajat Kumar Mahapatra and JyotirmoyeeMuduli (2014), “Anti-Theft Mechanism System
with Accidental Avoidance and Cabin Safety System for Automobiles”. An anti-theft system is any device or method
used to prevent or detect the unauthorized appropriation of items considered valuable. Theft is one of the most common
and oldest criminal behaviors.
Safety measures for “Two wheelers by Smart Helmet and Four wheelers by Vehicular Communication”, The small
voltage of ignition of the two wheelers is grounded. In normal condition when the helmet is wearied the pressure is
senses pressure and the RF transmitter radiates the FM modulated signal.
Nitin Agarwal Anshul Kumar Singh, Pushpendra Pratap Singh, Rajesh Sahani, “SMART HELMET”, International
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, volume 2, issue 2, May 2015, “Next generation motor cycle helmet
with sound control and 360-degree vision that will transform your ride. The cross helmet X1 is a revolutionary motor
cycle helmet that will transform your ride.
D Kumar, S Gupta, S. Kumar, s. Srivastava “Accident detection and reporting system using GPS and GSM module”, It
aims at finding the occurrence of any accident and reporting the location of the accident to the previously coded
numbers so that immediate help can be provided by ambulance or the relative concerned. Jennifer William, Kaustubh
Padwal, Nexon Samuel, Akshay Bawkar Smita Rukhande, “Intelligent Helmet”, The intelligent helmet band is an idea
which makes motor cycle driving safer than before. This is implemented using GSM and GPS technology. Limit switch
is placed in the helmet which will detect whether the rider has worn the helmet or not. If not, the bike will not start.

Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-15989 548

www.ijarsct.co.in
 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)
International Open-Access, Double-Blind, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Multidisciplinary Online Journal
Impact Factor: 7.53 Volume 4, Issue 4, March 2024

IV. RESULTS

Figure.01

Figure.02

V. CONCLUSION
We have proposed system for accident prevention and making the world a much better and safe place tolive. In
conclusion, the use of sensors for railway accident prevention has proven to be highly effective in enhancing safety and
reducing the occurrence of accidents. The implementation of various types of sensors, such as proximity sensors, speed
sensors, and obstacle sensors, has significantly improved the detection and response capabilities of railway systems.
These sensors have allowed the detection of potential hazards, such as obstacles on the tracks or trains approaching
each other, in real-time, allowing for immediate action to be taken. The use of sensors has also enabled the integration
of advanced technologies, such as automatic braking systems and collision avoidance systems, which further enhance
safety measures. These systems can automatically apply brakes or divert trains to avoid collisions, minimizing the risk
of accidents caused by human error or equipment failure. The implementation of sensors in railway accident prevention
has revolutionized the industry by providing real-time information, enhancing safety measures, and improving the
overall efficiency of operations.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
With deep sense of gratitude we would like to thanks all the people who have lit our path with their kind guidance. We
are very grateful to these intellectuals who did their best to help during our project work.
It is our proud privilege to express deep sense of gratitude to, Prof. P. T. Kadave, Principal, K.K.Wagh Polytechnic,
Nashik for his comments and kind permission to complete this project. We remain indebted to Prof. G.B. Katkade,
Head of Computer Technology Department for his timely suggestion and valuable guidance.
The special gratitude goes our external guide Mr. Mr. Gauresh Suryawanshi , Chief Exercutive Officer at R3 Systems
India pvt.Ltd. Address :First Floor, Rohini Apartment, KBT Circle, Gangapur Rd, near Saraswat Bank,Thatte Nagar,
Nashik, Maharashtra 422005 for their sponsorship permissions and directions for our project selection and

Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/IJARSCT-15989 549

www.ijarsct.co.in
 ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)
International Open-Access, Double-Blind, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Multidisciplinary Online Journal
Impact Factor: 7.53 Volume 4, Issue 4, March 2024

implementations. We are greateful and remain indebt to ourInternal Guide Mrs.K.N.Ahire for her consistent
instructions, guidance for the completion of project.
We are thankful to all Faculty members, Technical staff members of Computer Technology Department for their
expensive, excellent and precious guidance in completion of this work. We thanks to all the class colleagues for their
appreciable help for our working project.
With various industry owners or lab technicians to help, it has been our endeavor to through out our work to cover the
entire project work.
We also thankful to our parents who providing their wishful support for our project completion successfully.Lastly we
thanks to our all friends and the people who are directly or indirectly related to our project work.

REFERENCES/APPENDICES
[1] Sadhana B Shabrin, Bhagyashree Jagadish Niphargid, Maithri M Poojary and T Pooja, “Smart helmet-intelligent
safety for motorcyclist using raspberry pi and open CV”, proc. IEEE, vol.03, no.03 pp.2395-0056 2016
[2] Sarika R. Gujar and Prof. A. R. Itkikar has focused on “Advanced Embedded System of Vehicle Accident Detection
and Tracking System”, Proc-IEEE, vol.5, no.2, pp- 2277 128X 2015
[3]Smart Helmet with Sensors for Accident Prevention Mohd Khairul Afiq Mohd Rasli, Nina KorlinaMadzhi, Juliana
Johari Faculty of Electrical Engineering University Tecnology MARA40450 Shah Alam Selangor,
MALAYSIAjulia893@salam.uitm.edu.my)
[4]Vijay J, Saritha B, Priyadharshini B,Deepeka S and Laxmi R (2011), “Drunken Drive Protection System”,
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[5]Harish Chandra Mohanta, Rajat Kumar Mahapatra and Jyotirmayee Muduli(2014)”, Anti-Theft Mechanism System
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[8]Nitin Agarwal, Anshul Kumar Singh, Pushpendra Pratap Singh, Rajesh Sahani, “SMART HELMET”, International
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, volume 2, issue 2, May 2015
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May 2015.
[10] S.Lee, G. Tewolde, J. Kwon “ Design And Implementation Of Vehicle Tracking System Using GPS/GSM/GPRS
Technology And Smartphone Application”IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things(WF-loT),2014, PP 1-6
[11] Sushant M Gajbhiye, Zen P Raut, R Raju A Bondre, “ A Review Paper on Smart Railway Crossing Using
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[13] Pushpa.Y, Mahalakshmi.H, Nikhitha.J, Varsha.B, “Prevention of Railway Accidents by Track and Fire Detection
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