NAME…………………………………………………..

INDEX NO………………DATE………
231
BIOLOGY FORM 2
JULY 2024
1
2 HOURS
2
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
1. a) State three main branches of biology (3 marks)

b) What biological knowledge is required in dealing with ticks that infest a cow (1mark)

2. a) Under what 3 conditions does the rate of diffusion increase? (3marks)

b) State TWO roles of active transport in plants. (2marks)

3. Why would dry fish be stored for a longer duration than freshly caught fish? (3mks)

4. Explain why maize plant take up calcium minerals quicker in well aerated soils than in water
logged soil. (3marks)

5. When preparing a temporary slide of black jack stem, Kamau was asked to carry out the
following steps. Give a reason why each step was carried out.
a).Use a sharp razor to obtain a thin slice of the stem {1 mk}
b).Add a drop of methylene blue dye on to the specimen on the microscope slide {1 mk}

6. The diagram below is that of certain cell organelle

. Use it to answer the questions that follow.

(a) Identify the above cell organelle (1mk)

(b) State the function of the above cell organelle (1mk)

(c) Name blood cell with large numbers of the above organelle in man (1mk)

7. (a) Name the antigens that determine human blood groups (2marks)

(b) State the adaptation that enables the red blood cells to move in blood capillaries (1mark)

8.i)Define the term species. (1mark)

ii)Give a reason why a leopard and a lion cannot breed yet they belong to the same genus?
(1mark)
9.If the Magnification of a drawing is X5 and the drawing is 15cm. what is the actual length of
the object? (3mks)

10.Below is an illustration of a digestive process

a) Identify the above process 1mk

b) What is the Significance of the above process 1mk

c) In what part of alimentary canal does the process above occur? 1mk

11. The diagram below shows a vertical section through a mammalian heart.
 a) Name the parts labeled A,B,E and F (4mks)
A

b) In the above diagram, use arrows to show the direction in which blood flows in
the heart. (2mks)
d) Give a reason why the wall of chamber C is thicker than chamber D (2mks)

12..Below is a Chemical Equation , study it and answer the question that Follows

Carbon (IV) Oxide + water Oxygen + Glucose

a) Name Process A 1mk

b) What is biological Significance of Process A? 2mks

c) In which organelle does process A take place? 1mk

d) Name two stages of process A 2mks

13.Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follows

 a)State the aim of the experiment above (1mk)

b)What happens when gas collected is brought near a glowing splint (1mk)

c)Identify the gas produced and explain how plants produce it (2mks)

14. Form two students removed a ring of bark around the stem of Nandi flame tree. After one
month they made observations as shown in the photographs below. Study the photographs and
hence answer the questions that follow.

a) Name the process being investigated. (1 mark)

b) Name the plant tissue involved in the physiological process illustrated above. (1 mark)

c) State and explain the observation made in photograph S . (3 mark)

d) the students were expecting the tree to dry but it did not until when all the branches below the
ringed area were removed. Explain why;
i) The tree dried when all the branches below the ringed part were removed .(1mks)

ii) Tree could not dry when the branches below the ringed area were still intact (1mk)

15.Study the diagram below and answer the question that follows:-

a)Name the a) parts labelled A,B,C and D (4mks)

A
B
C
D

b)State the function of the fluid found in between the parts marked C (1mk)

c)How is the part labelled E adapted to its function (2mks)

d)State the significance of rings of cartilage found around the part marked A and B (1mk)

16. a) State two structural differences between arteries and veins in mammals . (2mks)

arteries veins
b) Name a disease that causes thickening and hardening of arteries. (1mk)

c).Where are red blood cells produced in a mammalian embryo?. (2mks)

17.The set up shown below was used to investigate a physiological process by Form 2 learners. P
and Q represent solutions of different concentrations.

a) Name two materials that can be used as R. (2marks)

b) Which term is used to describe solution P in relation to solution Q? (1marks)

c) Account for the observation made in Q after 1 hour. (3marks)

 18.Form two students subjected an orange plant growing outside the laboratory to the following;
i) Selected two sized leaves and gently brushed them clean on both sides.
ii) Placed two strips of dry cobalt chloride paper on both sides of each leaf and opposite each
other and covered the cobalt chloride papers with cello tape. They observed the time taken for
any colour change to occur and recorded the following.

Side of leaf Time taken

Upper epidermis 5 minutes
Lower epidermis 2 minutes

Use the above information to answer the following questions.

i) What was the purpose of brush cleaning the leaf (1mark)

ii) What was the colour change of dry cobalt chloride paper. (1mark)

iii). Explain the difference in time taken for the colour change observed. (3marks)

19. a) How is phloem tissue adapted to its function (4mark)

b)Describe the functions of blood in the human body (16 marks)