CRY OF BALINTAWAK ( CRY OF PUGAD LAWIN )
- The ‘first cry’ is generally signified as the ‘First Call for Rebellion’ in
1896. It is marked as the beginning of Philippine revolution or seeking
of independence of filipinos from Spanish colonial rule with the use of
violence in arms.
- The word “cry” comes from the Spanish “el grito de rebellion” which
means “cry for rebellion.”
HOW DID IT STARTED?
KATAAS-TAASANG, KAGALANG-GALANGANG KATIPUNAN NG MGA ANAK NG
BAYAN (KKK).
- With the initiative of Andres Bonifacio and his colleagues, they founded
a Philippine revolutionary organization, commonly known as Katipunan
or KKK, with its primary goal to gain independence from Spain through
a revolution.
- The Katipunan was a secret organization until it was. discovered in
1896 which led to start the Philippine Revolution, which is now called
as the 'first cry'.
SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
TEARING UP OF COMMUNITY TAX CERTIFICATES
- The tearing up of community tax certificates (cedulas personales)
symbolizes the termination of Katipunero's loyalty to Spanish Regime.
PATRIOTIC SHOUTS SUCH AS "VIVA LA INDEPENDENCIA FILIPINA"
- The shouts for "Viva La Independence Filipina" or "Long Live Phillipine
Independence!" was to express the goal of their secret organizaton.
CONTROVERSIES AND CONFLICTS
- Controversy of this event is mainly because of specific dates and
locations where the cry of history is believed to have taken place. This
remains a controversy to this day in Philippine history since different
Filipino authors give conflicting accounts of when and where this
significant event happened.
- There was a continuing discussion and interpretation in the historical
studies because there is no decisive agreement, and this would show
how experiences and beliefs of the individual may often shape the
views of national events.
BACKGROUND OF THE AUTHORS AND THEIR ACCOUNTS
1. DR. PIO VALENZUELA (THE CRY OF PUGAD LAWIN)
- A Filipino physician and revolutionary leader At the age of 23 he joined
the Katipunan and become one of the officials friend of andres
bonifacio
- He was also present during the meeting before the actual first cry
happen.
ACCOUNT
FIRST VERSION : (he said that the rebellion was held in) Balintawak on
Wednesday of August 26, 1896
SECOND VERSION : (later he wrote his memoirs of the revolution and
claimed that the cried took place at Pugad Lawin on August 23, 1896
2. GEN. SANTIAGO VIRATA ALVAREZ (THE CRY OF BAHAY TORO )
- Well known katipunero also known as "Kidlat ng Apoy"
- A delegado general of the provincial council of the Katipunan
in Cavite.
- Became the captain general and later commander in chief of the
Magdiwang Forces and valiantly fought the spaniards form 1896-1897
ACCOUNT: In his account, the first cry happened in August 24, 1896 at
Bahay Toro, Quezon City.
5. GEN. GILLERMO MASANGKAY (THE CRY OF BALINTAWAK)
- Is a friend and advisor of Andres Bonifacio .
- He was one of the first members of the katipunan which has
designated to build KKK in Cavite
- He played a key role in the Filipino- American War as a revolutionary
general 19.
ACCOUNT
FIRST VERSION : august 26, 1896 (sunday tribune, first decade of american
occupation)
SECOND VERSION : august 23, 1896 ("Bagong Buhay")
Changed back on Ausust 26, 1896 by his grand daughter Soledad Buehler-
Borromeo
4. GREGORIA DE JESUS (THE FIRST CRY)
- The Lakambini of the Katipunan
- She was the custodian of the documents and seal of the Katipunan
ACCOUNT
- In her account, the first cry happened near Caloocan on August 25,
1896
“ THE CRY HAPPENED IN PUGAD LAWIN “
DR. PIO VALENZUELA
“ The first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Procopio
Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Aguedo del Rosario, and myself was
Balintawak, the first five arriving there on August 19, and I, on August
20, 1896. The first place where some 500 members of the Katipunan
met on August 22, 1896 was the house and yard of Apolonio Samson
at Kangkong. Aside from the persons mentioned above, among those
who were only exchanged and no resolution was debated or adopted. It
was at Pugad Lawin, in the house, store house and yard of Juan Ramos,
son of Melchora Aquino, where over 1000 members of the Katipunan
met and carried out considerable debate and discussion on August 23,
1896. The discussion was whether or not the revolution against the
Spanish government should be started on August 29, 1896. Only one
man protested and fought against a war and that was Teodoro Plata.
Besides the person named above, among those present at this meeting
were Enrique Cipriano, Alfonso Pacheco, Tomas Remigio, Sinfroso San
Pedro and others. After the tumultuous meeting many of those present
tore their cedula certificates and shouted “Long Live the Philippines!
Long Live the Philippines.”
TEODORO AGONCILIO "REVOLT OF TH MASSES (1956)"
- AGONCILIO used his considerable influence and campaigned to
changed the date and venue of the first cry to Pugad Lawin,
August 23, 1896.
- In 1963, president Macapagal ordered that the cry of Balintawak
shall be called cry of Pugad Lawin and it should be celebrated on
August 23 instead of Ausgust 26.
“ THE CRY HAPPENED IN BALINTAWAK “
o Some accounts show that the first cry happened in Caloocan
Quezon City, Bahay ng Toro and Pugad Lawin.
o According to Dr. Milagros Guerrero, Ramon, Villegas and
Emmanuel Encarnation stated that all these mentioned places
are part of Balintawak but Quezon City is still not an existing
place during the Spanish Regime.
Guillermo Masangkay is an eyewitness of the historic event.
Events according to Masangkay
1. August 26th 1896 a meeting held in balintawak at the house of
Apolonio Samson. Among those who attended were Andres Bonifacio,
Emilio Jacinto, and Aguedo Del Rosario.
2. 9:00 am August 26th the meeting was opened with Andres Bonifacio
presiding and Emilio Jacinto acting as Secretary. The purpose was to
discuss when the uprising was to take place.
3. Andres Bonifacio argues with the other leaders about starting the
revolt too early and leaves.
4. Upon leaving the meeting Andres Bonifacio gave a fiery speech and
people shouted "Revolt"
5. After the speech, they all tore their cedulas( certificate)
6. After the pledge and tearing of cedulas, Andres Bonifacio returns to
the session hall and informs the leader of what took place outside.
7. Despite their differences, they all voted for revolution and outside
the the people shouted "Long live the Philippine Republic!"
8. At 5:00 pm while gathering at Balintawak were celebrating, guards
up in the trees gave a warning that the Spaniards were coming. Andres
Bonifacio then led them to prepare the attack by the civil guard.
CONCLUSION
- The Cry of Pugad Lawin, also named the Cry of Balintawak, was the
very event that marked a turning point in the country’s history, giving
way to the actual beginning of the Philippine Revolution in 1896. Such
led to a revolution that brought about independence to the country in
1898 and remains up to this day as the symbol of the Filipino people’s
strength and spirit to fight for freedom. Although accounts of the exact
location and date differ, the consensus is that such an occurrence
stirred up the collective will in Filipinos to rise up against the Spanish
colonial regime. It was for the people the defining moment in their fight
for independence, and it clearly proved their intent for self-rule. In
essence, the Cry of Pugad Lawin or Balintawak was not just a historical
landmark but a hallmark for the Filipino people in their steps toward
becoming a truly free and independent nation- in step with that dignity
and right toward self-rule.
REFERENCES
Borromeo-Buehler, Soledad M. (1998). “The cry of Balintawak: a contrived
controvery: a textual analysis with appended documents.” Ateneo de Manila
University Press. ISNB 978-971-550-278-
8.http://books.google.com/idRJnMSmXLvr4C.
Pio Valenzuela, “Cry of Pugad Lawin.” In Gregorio Zaide and Sonia Zaide,
Documentary Sources of Philippine History, Volume 8 (Manila: National Book
Store, 1990) 301-302
Guillermo Masangkay, “Cry of Balintawak” in Gregorio Zaide and Sonia
Zaide. Documentary Sourc of Philippine Histiry. Volume 8(Manila: National
Book Store, 1990) 307-309
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