IX - NOTES OF LESSON
ECONOMICS – PEOPLE AS RESOURCE
1. What do you understand by ‘people as a resource’?
People as a resource is a way of referring to a country’s working population in terms of
their existing productive skills and abilities.
2. What is the role of education in human capital formation?
Education is an important input for the growth of a person
It opens new horizons for the person
Provides new aspiration
Develops values of life
It leads to higher productivity
3. Mention the three main sectors of economic activities with examples.
The three sectors of economic activities are:
Primary sector: It produces goods by exploiting natural resources. It includes agriculture,
forestry, mining, animal husbandry and fishing.
Secondary sector: It converts all raw materials into finished goods such as manufacturing
industries and construction activities.
Tertiary sector: It helps in smooth functioning of primary and secondary sectors. It
includes trade, transportation, communication, education, health, insurance etc.
4. Describe the steps taken by the government in the field of education.
Navodaya Vidyalaya have been set up.
Vocational streams have been developed
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan has been launched
Increase in enrolment at elementary level
Mid-day meal to encourage attendance.
5. What is the difference between market activities and Non-market activities
Market activities involve remuneration to anyone who performs work i.e activity
performed for pay or profit.
Non-market activities are the production for self-consumption or work done for self
satisfaction without any expectation.
6. Mention any three features of National Health Policy.
It aims at improving the accessibility of healthcare and family welfare
It aims at improving the nutritional services with special focus on under-privileged
segment of the population.
It has increased the ratio of doctors, nurses and beds in hospital run by government.
7. What is Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?
It refers to the number of death of infants per thousand live births before completing one
year.
8. Describe different types of employment found in India.
Seasonal Unemployment: It occurs when workers can find work in a specific season. For
example, agricultural workers find work only during busy agricultural season when
sowing, weeding, harvesting and threshing are done.
Disguised Unemployment: This is the phenomena where more number of workers are
employed than required number in a work. It happens in small agricultural farms where
whole family is working on the same field which is not required to cultivate the farm.
Educated Unemployment: This type of unemployment is common in urban areas where
educated youths are not able to find jobs for themselves.
9. Why are women employed in low paid work?
The women work in places where there is no job security.
The various activities relating to legal protection are meagre.
The majority of women has less education and low skill formation.
The fields in the organised sector that attract them most are teaching and medical.
10. How does unemployment affect the overall growth of an economy?
It leads to wastage of manpower resources
The people who are an asset become liability
It creates a feeling of hopelessness and despair among the young people.
It increases economic overload
The quality of life of an individual gets affected.
People don’t have money to support their family
It can lead to slow economic growth.
11. Describe five main features of ‘Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan’.
To provide useful and elementary education for all children in the 6-14 years age group.
It is a time-bound initiative of the central government in partnership with the states to
provide elementary education.
It this, bridge courses and back-to-school camps have been introduced to increase their
enrolment.
Mid-day meal scheme has been introduced to encourage attendance in schools and
increase their nutritional status.
This type of policies of the government could add to the literate minds and further lead to
economic development.
12. Suggest any two methods to increase rural unemployment problem.
By promoting small-scale and cottage industry.
By spreading technical education
By promoting supplement works like animal rearing, horticulture etc.
