Sources :-
1. Literacy 2. Archaeological 3. Monetary 4. Other
1. Literarcy
A. Mythical :-
1. Haryana mentioned in Sakand Puran.
2. Haryana mentioned as Bahudhanyaka and Bahudhan in Mahabharat .
3. Rohatak and Karnal also mentioned in Mahabharat .
B. Jain and Budduist Literacy sources:-
TEXT Place Mentioned
Buddhist : Divyavandan and Majjhima Nikya Haryana
Divyavandan Agroha
Jain: kathakosh and Bhadrabahu charitra major center of
Jainism & Buddhism :- Aghora
c. inscription :-
Ashokan Pillar Located at topra (Yamana nagar ) (moved to Delhi by E.S.T)
Gujri Mahal inscription : Hisar Mention Gods from 8 different place
Agroha inscription : 7 musical notes
Ladnu (Rajsthan ) : Delhi as capital of Haryana
2. Archaeological Excavations:-
From sites like Rakhigarhi Banawali
Paleolithics tools from : Pinjore_ Kalaka Region
Pre Harappan sites : Mitathal (Bhiwani)
Bhirdana (Fathebad)
kunal Fatehabad
Stupa:- Thanesar, Hisar, Topra
3. Monetary sources:-
coin stamp from khokrakot, Aghroha, Sugh Rakhigarhi and Aurangabad
coin of indo-Greeks : Khokrakot, Hisar, Agroha
copper coin of harsha: Sonipat
Indo Greeks Dirham : Sonipat
4. other Sources:-
Shiva Mukhalingam, Rohtak, Beri,
Boar:- Rohtak, Hansi
Buddha:- Jhajjar
Ancient History of Haryana
Prehistoric Period: No written evidence
Paleolithics sites :- Kalka Pinjore Region
Neolithic Age :- evidence of agriculture from siswal
Chalcolithic age:- copper tools from Rohtak and Hisar District
Proto Historic period:- script and letter known but not deciphered yet
1. Siswal culture
2. Hakra culture
3. Indus Valley culture
Siswal culture / sothi-Siswal culture
Around 3800 BCE excavated by Dr Surajbhan
Area :- mainly NW SW Haryana
Hisar:- siswal, sisai, Rakhigarhi Shahpur
sirsa :- Bani, chimu,
Bhiwani :- mamhedu
2. Hakra Culuture :- 3300-2800 BCE
in drainage area of Ghaggar- Hakra Region
Development of farming community
Aka Early Farmer’s culture
First excavated site- Kunal
3. IVC / Harappan culuture
1. Banawali - excavated by R.S Bisht (1973-74)(Fatehabad)
findings bullock cart wheel, claytoy
2. Rakhigarhi- by Dr Amrendra Nath (1997-2000) (Hisar)
River Drishvati
Largest indian site
3. Mitathal – by Dr surajbhan (1967-68) (Bhiwani)
4. Madina – by DR Manmohan kumar (2007-08) (Rohatak)
5. Bhirrana- on the bank of River sarswati (2003-04) Fatehabad
6. Bhagwanpura – overlap Between Late harpan and PGW culuture
(Kurukshetra)
7. farmana Khas Rohtak finding alabaster seals
8. Kunal (fatehabad)
9. Balu (Kaithal)
10.Girawar (Rohtak)
1. Historical period - when all the recorded history of that period can be read
Vedic period- (1500 - 600 BCE)
Rigvedic - (1500 – 1000 BCE)
laterVedic- (1ooo - 600 BCE)
mainly composed in this Region only
2. Mahajanpada period :- 600 BCE
Kuru Mahajanapad had some area of Haryana
3.Yaudheya Period - after Mauryas
mentioned in Mahabharat (Drona Parv)
mentioned in Mahabhasya as Ayudhjivi
mentioned in Rock inscription Republic Kingdom of Junagarh
Haryana known as Bahudhankya in their period
coins from this period discovered from Sonipat by Cunningham in 1834
(from Saharanpur by Kotley)
similar coins from Hansi, Rohtak, Kharkhoda, sirsa
Famous king Kartikeya
4.Agar period :- Hisar was seat of Agar Republic Coins from Barwala and Agroha
capital
5. Kunida and Arjunayanas period :- located in Ambala distt.
Arjunayans in some areas of Mahendragarh and Rajasthan
6.Gupta period :- samundra gupta subdued the yaudheya in Gupta Empire Allahbad
inscriptions
7. Vardhan a Dynasty's
.Founded by pushyabhuti
capital Thanesar (sthaneshwar)
Famous ruler Harsvardhan Shiladitya
transferred capital from Thaneswar to Kamryakubja
defeated Huna ruler
HuanTsang visited India
7 .Gurjara Pratihara period :- After Harsha they controlled Large area
during the reign of Mihir Bhoia, pehowa was a big trading centre
of North india famous for Horse Trade
Ancient Name of Dist
Present Name Anceint Name Present Name Ancient Name
Sirsa Sherishkam Rohtak Rohitas
Fathehabad Ikdar Sonipat Swarnprastha
Hisar Hisar-e- Firoza Panipat Panprastha
MahendarGarh Kanaur Karnal Karntal
rewari Rewawari Yamunagar Abdullapur
Mewat Satyevpuram Kurukshetra Sthanishvar
(Thanesar)
Palwal Ubala, apbala Kaithal Kapisthal
Gurugram Gurugram Jind Jayantipuri
Ancient Name of cities
Ancient Name Present Name Ancient Name Present Name
Khariyal Ellenabad Sharfabad Bhadurgarh
(sirsa) (jhajjar)
Ayohdak Aghroha (hisar) Mahestha Maham
(Rohtak)
Navrashtra Narnaul Pradath Pehowa (
(mahendragarh Kurukshetra)
)
Prakrithnak Aurangabad Yugandhar Jagadhri
(Palwal) (yamunanagar)
Batramgarh Ballabhgarh Kalakula Kalka
(Faridabad) (Panchkula)
Medieval History of Haryana
Tomar Dynasty :-After the decline of Pratihara ruler
built Delhi city by Anangpal in 11 th cent and made Haryana his capital
faced invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni and his Descendents
Mahmud invaded Thanesar in 1009 CE and 1014 CE (reign King Jaypala)
Bronze sculpture known as Chakra Swami were destroyed( Al Biruni)
1037 CE:- invasion by Masud in the regin of Kumarpala Dev
Dwasrai Epic by Hemchandra mentions rivalary between Tomar and Chauhans.
Invasion by Muhammad Ghori 12 th cent
Prithviraj Chauhan established forts at Taraori and Hansi
2 Battles of Tarain Ist 1191 Ghori defeated
2nd 1192 Ghori winner
Govind Rai Ruler of Hansi participated along with Prithviraj
Sultanate period :-
Slave Dynasty :- founded by Qutub ud Din Aibak
Razia Sultan Tomb at Kaithal
Khilji Dynasty founded by Jalal ud din Khilji
Tughlaq Dynasty founded by Ghazi Malik in 1320 Ad (GhiyasuddinTughaq)
peasant revolt at Kaithal 1343 AD during the period of
Mohammad Bin Tughlaq
Feroz Shah Tughlaq:- founded Several cities like Hisar,Fatehabad,Firozabad,Firuzpur
Built canals known as Rajwahas in Indopersian
Revolt in Gohana village
invasion of Tamur lang (1398) during Tughlaq period md. Shah Tughlaq
Lodhi dynasty:- founded by Bahlol Lodhi
Revolt in kalayat and Jind Area
Ist Battle of Panipat in 1526 AD between Ibrahim Lodhi and Babur
Mughal Dynasty :- founded by Babur
first battle of Panipat 21April 1526 AD
second battle of Panipat 1556 AD Between Hemchandra
vikramaditya (Hemu) and Akbar on 5 Nov 1556
Later mugal
Tomb of Sheikh Chehli (Tajmahal of Haryana ) was built by Dara Shikoh
Aurangzeb Period
Revolt of Narnaul by Satnami (1672 Ad)
Revolt of jat in Saundh (1680 AD)
Revolt of Banda Bairagi :- he led Sikh military activity against Mughals
Head quater :- Sehre Khanda Sonipat
contemporary of Bahadur Shah
Ahir Rulers of Rewari :- established by Nand Ram
Ruler Balkishan :- Title of Shamsher Bhadur by Mughal Rules Muhamad Shah
Invasion of Nadir Shah:- 24th feb 1739 at Karnal between Nadia Shah and
Muhammad Shah Rangila
Nadir Shah took Peacock Throne of Shahjahan KohiNoor diamond
George Thomas :- came from Ireland Aka Jahazi Sahib
Earlier worked for Begum samru of sardhana (Meerut)
late for Marathas (for Apa Khande Rao a maratha chieftan under Mahadaji Scindia)
controlled a vast area in Haryana
1799:- Battle of Narnaund took place between Sikh and GeorgeThomas
Land tax in Haryana :-
system of revenue collection and tax :- Dahsala system
introduced by Raja Todar Mal
Agriculture land based on Rainfall:- Barani
Based on irrigation known as chahi
1/6th part of product was taken as a land tax from farmers who were under British
rule
1/4 part of produe:- under princely states
Haryana first state when no tax is levied on the produce of Barani fields
Modern History
After decline of Mughals Maratha rose to power and Haryana
fall under their control
1789- 1794 AD Mahadji Scindia
1794 - 1803 AD Daulat Ram Scindia
30 Sept 1803 AD :- Treaty of Surjianjan gaon between Scindia and British-Scindia
ceded Haryana region to British
British included it under Bengal Presidency
They divided Haryana into smaller parts and gave the regions to their loyalist
In 1833 with division of Bengal presidency into territories of Bengal and North -
Western Province Haryana come under Nw province
Nw province's is Hq :- Agra
As per chacter Act of 1858 Haryana was merged with Punjab state with two divisions
in (Hisar and Delhi)
In 1819 Administrative changes division of Haryana into three
subdivisions
1.Northern Area :- Rohtak,Hisar,Panipat and Sonipat
2. central Area :- Delhi Region
3.Southern Area:- Rewari,gurugram,Hodal,Palwal and Mewat
Important Revolt Against Eic
Important Revolt Angainst East India Company in Haryana
Year Revolt Leaders
1814 Revolt of jind Pratap singh
1818 Chhachhrauli Jodha Singh
Revolt
1818 Revolt of rania Jabit Singh
1824 Peasant Revolt Jat Surajmal
1835 Banawali Revolt Gulab Singh
1843 Kaithal Revolt Gulabsingh ,
Sahib
1845 Ladwa Revolt Ajeet Singh
Principalities Annexed by British EIC
Revolt of 1857 and Haryana
Beginning:- 10th may 1857 at Meerut and reached the Haryana
on 13 th May 1857 at Ambala Cantt
from May 1857 to October 1857 Revolt occured at various places like
Hisar,Ahirwal,Palwal etc
important role played by personalities like
1.Raja Nahar Singh : Faridabad
2.Rao Tularam and GopalDev: Rewari
3. Nawab Ahmad Ali :- Farrukh nagar
By November 1857 Haryana was again under the control of
British leader of revolting regions were punished and many
hanged except Rao Tala Ram who escaped
(MartyrdomDay 23rd September in the memory of Rao Tularam)
British Supporter Principalities Jind :chhachhrauli,Loharu,Pataudi, sampla
Congress and National movement in Haryana
First session of Congress 1885:- lala Muralidhar of Ambala ( Grand oldman of
Punjab) Represented Haryana
Second section :- 2 representatives of Haryana
1.Deen Dayal Sharma (Jhajjar)
2.Babu Balmukund Gupt (Rohtak)
3rd session : - Lala Lajpat Rai By represented Hisar
Morley Minto Reforms
increasing the involvement of Indian in government
Jawahar Lal Bhargava
Chaudhary Lal Chand
were made members of Punjab legislative council
Bal Mukund Gupt criticised reformsthrough articles like ShivShambhu ke chitthe
Rowlatt Act and Satyagraha
First Protest :- Ambala
Gandhiji : - arrested from Palwal on 10th April 1919
Non Cooperation Movement
First meeting :- Panipat
Fore front leader:- Lala Lajpat Rai
Gandhiji visited :- (Bhiwani 15 feb 1920) (Kalayat 16 feb1920) (Rohtak 17th feb1920)
Gandhiji's meeting in Bhiwani 22 October 1920 organise
by Haryana Kesari pt Neki Ram Sharma
Gandhiji Ambala Visit:- March 8,1921
Lala Muralidhar gave back this title of Rai Bahadur
Protest Against Simon commission
Main leader Dr Satyapal ,Pt Nekiram Sharma,Pt Shriram Sharma
Main centres :- Rohtak, Ambala,jhajjar
Branch of Punjab Naujawan Sabha formed at Rohtak
Civil Disobedience Movement
Dandi March :- 12 March 1930 78 Satyagraha
Lala SurajBhan of Ambala was one among them
Chaudhary Devilal quilted School during CDM
Quit India Movement
Many protest occured at various places
INA had about 2845 soldiers from Haryana
Haryana in first and second world war
First world war Hr was one of the reuniting centre
Nekiram Sharma was against Recruitment
2nd world war Punjab supported England
direct conflict between chotu Ram and Jinnah for changing Unionist ministry as
Muslim league
1946 Election and Independence
Congress formed government with the support of Unionist Party
Chaudhary Lahiri Singh was part of government
1946 Gandhi visited Sohna in my Support of Muhammad Yunis Khan
9 th Dec, 1947 Gandhiji visited Panipat to appeal Muslims to be United (nvited by
Maulana Lakulla)
