1

Development
Milestone (a) Male (b) Children
Multiple-Choice Questions (c) Male and Female (d) Female (CBSE SP 2024)
1. Which one of the following is the reason for Ans. (d) Female
low infant mortality rate in Kerala?
Very Short Answer Type Questions
(a) It has natural resources.
5. Define national income.
(b) It provides education facilities and
Ans. The total income of a country is the sum of
adequate provision of basic health.
the incomes of all the residents; also called
(c) It has a very efficient Government. the national income.
(d) It has the highest per capita income. 6. What is the criterion of a developed country?
Ans. (b) It provides education facilities and Ans. According to the World Development
adequate provision of basic health. Reports of the World Bank, countries with
2. Which one of the following is not a component per capita
of Human Development Index (HDI)? income of US$ 12,056 per annum are called
(a) National income (b) Life expectancy rich countries. The rich countries, excluding the
(c) Gross enrolment ratio (d) Per capita income Middle East countries, are generally called
Ans. (c) Gross enrolment ratio
developed countries.
3. Which currency is used to calculate per 7. What is the meaning of net attendance ratio?
capita income and presented for each Ans. It is the total number of children of age group
country of the world? 14 and 15 years attending school as a
(a) Pound (b) Euro percentage of total number of children in the
same age group.
(c) Dollar (d) None of these
8. What is infant mortality rate?
Ans. (c) Dollar
Ans. It indicates the number of children that die
4. Read the data given below and answer the
question. before the age of one year as a proportion of
100 live children born in that particular year.
Educational Achievement of Rural
Population of Uttar Pradesh Short Answer Type Questions
9. What does the term ‘People have different
Category Male Female
developmental goals’ mean? Justify your
Literacy rate for rural 75% 54% answer with an example.
population
Ans. To most people, the goal is the desire for more
Literacy rate for rural 90% 87%
income. Other than that, people also want
DEVELOPMENT

children in the age group

10–14 years equal treatment, freedom, security, respect for
Percentage of rural children 85% 82% others, no discrimination in any form, and so
aged 10–14 attending on. All
these cannot be measured but are very
As per the data given above who has the least important. People look at a mix of goals. In
percentage of literacy rate in rural population? some cases,
these may be more important than more income 1
 or more consumption because material goods Life expectancy at birth ratio: Life Expectancy at birth
are not all that you need to live. There are denotes average expected length of life of a
many things that are not easily measured but person at the time of birth.
they mean a lot to our lives. These are often 14. Why is sustainability important for development?
ignored. Ans.
However, it would be wrong to conclude that • Sustainability is important for development
what cannot be measured is not important. because development does not mean only
10. What do you think is the reason for low present development but also development in
mortality rate in Kerala? future.
Ans. Kerala fares high in these factors because it has • If natural resources are depleted then
adequate provisions of basic health care and development will stagnate after a point of
education facilities, which are mostly provided time.
by the government. So, if the government • All resources are given to us by nature and
provides health care and education facilities exploiting them or using them unethically
and a good public distribution system, then the will impact the future development of the
health and nutritional status of such states will country.
be better than that of the others. • To sustain and make progress in the
11. How is BMI calculated? development of a country, all natural resources
must be used wisely keeping in mind the
Ans. Body Mass Index is a way to find out if we are
consequences of environmental degradation.
properly nourished. It is derived from the
• If we use more than what is replenished by
weight and height of an individual. Find out
nature than we will be exhausting that
your weight in kilograms (kg). Then take your
resource.
height by drawing up a scale on the wall and
measuring accurately with the head straight.
Record your height in metres. Divide the weight Self-Assessment
recorded with the square of your height. The Multiple-Choice Questions
number you get is called the BMI. 1. IMR stands for
12. Why do you think average income is an (a) International Monetary Rate.
important criterion for development? (b) Institute of Medical Relation.
Ans. The total income of a country is the sum of (c) Internal Money Ratio.
the incomes of all the residents; also called (d) Infant Mortality Ratio.
the national income. But this is not an Ans. (d) Infant Mortality Ratio.
appropriate measure. Since total population
2. Human Development Index points out
is different for
(a) health development.
different countries, just the total income of all
the residents cannot tell us what one person is (b) better education system.
likely to earn. So we calculate the average (c) all round development of the people.
income of countries for comparison. The (d) none of these.
average income Ans. (c) all round development of the people.
is calculated by dividing the total income of 3. Which one is the formula to calculate Body
the country by its total population. This is also Mass Index?
called
the per capita income. (a) Height (b) Weight
Weight Height2
Long Answer Type Questions Weight2 Weight
13. Define IMR, literacy rate, net attendance ratio (c) (d)

and Height Height

life expectancy at birth ratio.
Ans. IMR: It indicates the number of children that Weight
die before the age of one year as a proportion Ans. (b) Height2
of 100 live children born in that particular
4. Which of the following countries has the
year.
highest ‘Life Expectancy’ at the birth?
Literacy Rate: It is the measurement of the
(a) Nepal (b) Bangladesh
proportion of literate population in the 7 and
India Pakistan
DEVELOPMENT

above age group. (c) (d) (CBSE 2023)

Net Attendance Ratio: It is the total number of Ans. (b) Bangladesh

children of age group 14 and 15 years 5. Assume there are four families in a locality.
attending school as a percentage of total If the monthly income of each family is `
number of children 10,000,
2 in the same age group. ` 20,000, ` 30,000 and ` 40,000, then what is the
 average income of the locality? Choose the
III.Assured high family income
correct option from the following.
IV. More days for
(a) ` 25,000 (b) ` 30,000
work Options:
(c) ` 20,000 (d) ` 10,000
(a) Only I and II are correct.
Ans. (a) ` 25,000
(b) Only II and IV are correct.
6. Study the given table and answer the
(c) Only II and III are correct.
question that follows.
(d) Only I and V are correct. (CBSE 2024)
Some data regarding India and its neighbours for 2019
Ans. (d) Only I and V are correct.
Gross Mean 10. Choose the correct option to fill in the blank.
National years of HDI
Income Life schooling Literacy Rate measures the proportion of
expect- Rank
(GNI) per of people in the literate population in the years and above
Country capita ancy at aged
birth world age group.
(2011 25 and (2018)
PPP $) above (a) 10 (b) 7
(c) 5 (d) 8 (CBSE 2024)
Sri Lanka 12,707 77 10.6 78 Ans. (b) 7
India 6,681 69.7 6.5 130 11. Choose the correct option regarding ‘Body
Mass Index (BMI)’ from the following.
Myanmar 4,961 67.1 5.0 148
(a) Assessment of Blood Pressure
Pakistan 5,005 67.3 5.2 154 (b) Assessment of Blood Sugar Level

Nepal 8,457 70.8 5.0 143 (c) Assessment of Body Composition

(d) Assessment of under Nutrition (CBSE 2024)
Bangladesh 4,976 72.6 6.2 134
Ans. (c) Assessment of Body Composition
Which of the following countries has the 12. Which one of the following definitions is most
highest level of ‘Human Development Index suitable for the ‘Literacy Rate’?
(HDI)’? (a) The literate population at the global level

(a) India (b) Bangladesh (b) The proportion of literate population in

(c) Sri Lanka (d) Nepal (CBSE 2023) the seven years and above
(c) The total number of children attending
Ans. (c) Sri Lanka
school in a region
7. Suppose, the monthly income of the
family members is as follows: (d) The average number of schools in a
region (CBSE 2024)
Mother: ` 50,000
Ans. (b) The proportion of literate population in
Father: ` 40,000
the seven years and above
Son: ` 20,000 13. Study the table given below carefully and
Daughter: ` 20,000 answer the question that follows.
The average income of the family would be Gross National Income HDI Rank in
(a) ` 32,000 (b) ` 30,000 Country (GNI) per capita the world
(2011 PPP $) (2018)
(c) ` 32,500 (d) ` 33,000 (CBSE 2024)
Ans. (c) ` 32,500 A 12,707 78
8. Which of the following indices is given priority B 6,681 130
by the World Bank with respect to
development? C 4,961 148

(a) Infant Mortality Rate D 5,005 154

(b) Equality E 8,457 143
(c) Body Mass Index
F 4,976 134
(d) Per Capita Income (CBSE 2024)
DEVELOPMENT

Which of the following country has high Human

Ans. (d) Per Capita Income
Development Index Rank in the world?
9. Which of the following are developmental goals
(a) Country A (b) Country B
of a prosperous farmer? Choose the correct
answer from the given options. (c) Country C (d) Country D (CBSE 2024)
Ans. (a) Country A 3
I. Better wages
II. Higher support price for crops
 14. On which of the following basis does the
Ans. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
United Nations Development Programme
explanation of A.
(UNDP) publish the ‘Human Development
Report’? Match the Following
(a) Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Health 19. Match the following items given in Column A
(b) Education, Health and Per Capita Income with those in Column B. Choose the correct
answer from the options given below:
(c) National Income, Health and Banking
(d) Gross Domestic Product, Technology and Column A Column B
Innovation (Countries) (Life Expectancy at birth 2021)
Ans. (b) Education, Health and Per Capita Income A. Sri Lanka 1. 76.4 years

B. India 2. 67.2 years

Assertion-Reason Type Questions For
question numbers 15 to 18, two C. Myanmar 3. 65.7 years
statements are given as Assertion (A) and
D. Bangladesh 4. 72.4 years
Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the
correct option.
Options: Codes:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the A B C D
correct explanation of A. (a) 1 2 3 4
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the (b) 2 4 1 3
correct explanation of A. (c) 4 1 3 2
(c) A is true but R is false. (d) 2 3 4 1
(d) A is false but R is true. Ans. (a) 1 2 3 4
15. Assertion (A): A safe and secure
Find the Incorrect Option
environment may allow more women to take
20. (a) HDI Rank of Sri Lanka in 2021–22 was 73.
up a variety of jobs or run a business.
(b) HDI Rank of Myanmar in 2021–22 was 149.
Reason (R): It is true that if women are engaged
(c) HDI Rank of Bangladesh in 2021–22 was 136.
in paid work, their dignity in the household and
society increases. (d) HDI Rank of India in 2021–22 was 132.

Ans. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the Ans. (c) HDI Rank of Bangladesh in 2021–22 was 136.
correct explanation of A. 21. (a) Children aged 16–17 in Bihar are not
16. Assertion (A): Countries with per capita attending school beyond Class 11.
income of US$ 49,300 per annum and above (b) The per capita income of Haryana is more
in 2019, are called high income on rich than that of Kerala.
countries. Reason (R): Countries with per (c) Kerala, out of 1000 children born, 12
capita income died before completing one year of age
of US$ 2500 or less are called low-income but in Haryana the proportion of
countries. children dying within one year of birth
Ans. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the was 36.
correct explanation of A. (d) The average income is also called per
17. Assertion (A): A person in Haryana earned capita income.
` 2,36,141 in one year (2018–2019). Ans. (a) Children aged 16–17 in Bihar are not attending
Reason (R): A person in Bihar earned only school beyond Class 11.
around
` 40,982 in the financial year (2018–2019). Correct and Rewrite the Following Statement
Ans. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the 22. Kerala has a high Infant Mortality Rate
correct explanation of A. because it has no adequate provision of basic
18. Assertion (A): Infant Mortality Rate (or IMR) health and educational facilities.
indicates the number of children that die Ans. Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate
before the age of one year as a proportion of because it has adequate provision of basic
DEVELOPMENT

1000 live children born in that particular health and educational facilities.
year.
Reason (R): Net Attendance Ratio is the total Fill in the Blanks
number of children of age group 14 and 15 23. Different persons have different
years attending school as a percentage of total developmental goals.
number
4 of children in the same age group.
 24. For comparing countries, their income is
4 metres during the past 20 years. In India almost
considered one of the most important
one-third of the country is overusing
attribute.
groundwater reserves. Groundwater overuse is
25. Human development report is published by
UNDP. particularly found in the agriculturally
prosperous regions of Punjab and Western UP,
Very Short Answer Type Questions some coastal areas and the rapidly growing
26. What will be the immediate goal of a urban settlements. In order
landless labourer? to ensure a better distribution of water resources,
Ans. Immediate goal of landless labourer is like more dams and canals need to be constructed so
days of work and better wages; local school that in case of drought the water can be
is able to provide quality education for their diverted to the regions facing any issue.
children; there is no social discrimination and 32. ‘Growth and literacy is must for economic
they too can become leaders in the village. development’. Explain the statement.
27. What do you mean by developed economy? Ans. It is true to say that both growth and literacy is
Ans. Countries with higher income are more must for economic development because they
developed than others with less income. both complement each other. For example, if
28. Imagine that you are the village Head. Suggest any country is economically strong but the
any two activities that you think should be literacy rate of that country is low then the
taken up to increase the income of the citizens of that country will not be able to enjoy
villagers. (CBSE 2023) the benefits of economic growth. We have a live
Ans. Encourage farmers to embrace innovative example of the two Indian states, Kerala and
practices by utilising high-yield seed varieties, Haryana. Though
investing in irrigation systems, and facilitating the per capita incomes of the two states are very
training programmes. Additionally, offer affordable close but there is a huge gap between the
agricultural financing options. literacy rates of Kerala (94%) and Haryana
29. How does the United Nations Development
(82%). So, for economic development in real
Programme’s (UNDP’s) developmental criterion sense both literacy rate and growth should
differ from the Word Bank? Explain. (CBSE 2024)
complement each other.
Ans. The United Nations Development Programme 33. ‘For development, people look at a mix of
(UNDP) employs a more comprehensive set of goals.’ Give some examples in support of
criteria for assessing development compared to this statement.
the World Bank, which mainly focuses on per Ans. For development, people look at a mix of goals,
capita income. The UNDP’s Human Development i.e. not only better income but also other things
Report (HDR) identifies health, education, and which they consider important in their lives.
income as key indicators of development. People want more income, for example, they
30. How can a nation achieve a balance between desire regular work, better wages and good
economic growth and environment price for their crops or for the other products
sustainability? Explain by giving any two that they produce. People also seek things such
arguments. (CBSE 2024) as equal treatment, freedom, security and
respect for themselves and for others. In some
Ans. Sustainable practices play a crucial role in
cases, these may be more important than more
enabling a nation to harmonise economic
income or more consumption because material
development with environmental sustainability.
goods are not all that you need to live. Money,
Such practices encompass the utilisation of
or material things that one can buy with it, is
renewable energy sources, the implementation
one of the factors on which our life depends on
of green infrastructure, and the adoption of
non-material things mentioned above. There
circular economy principles. Enhancing
are many things that are not easily measured
environmental compliance and regulatory
but they mean a lot to our lives. These are
frameworks helps a nation in achieving balance
often ignored. However,
between economic growth and ecological
preservation. it would be wrong to conclude that what cannot be
measured is not important. Similarly, for
Short Answer Type Questions development people look at a mix of goals.
31. How can we ensure a better distribution of The developmental goals that people have are
water resources in the country? not only about better income but also about
DEVELOPMENT

Ans. Recent studies suggest that the groundwater is other important things in life.
under serious threat of overuse in many parts. 34. ‘The question of sustainability of development
Around 300 districts in India have reported a raises many fundamentally new issues about
drastic decline in ground water level more than the nature and process of development.’
Explain it
with examples. (CBSE 2023) 5
 Ans. Sustainable development is the concept that
it has adequate provision of basic health and
progress must satisfy the requirements of the
educational facilities. Similarly, in some states, the
current population while ensuring that future
Public Distribution System (PDS) functions well.
generations can also meet their needs. It
Health and nutritional status of people of such
necessitates a careful equilibrium between
states is certainly likely to be better.
various interests, including economic
advancement and the preservation of the (b)Define Infant Mortality Rate. Why Kerala has a
environment. Adoption of renewable energy low IMR?
sources, such as solar and wind power, can Source C – Sustainability of Development
decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Groundwater is an example of renewable
Crop rotation practices can contribute to the resources. These resources are replenished
safeguarding of soil and water resources. by nature as in the case of crops and
35. Why has the issue of sustainability become plants.
essential for development in present times? However, even these resources may be
Explain with example. (CBSE 2024) overused. For example, in the case of
Ans. The irresponsible utilisation of resources may groundwater, if we use more than what is being
result in their exhaustion, rendering them replenished by rain then we would be overusing
inaccessible for future generations. For this resource.
example, excessive extraction of groundwater (c) How can we say that groundwater is
that surpasses the natural replenishment an example of renewable resource?
provided by rainfall. Embracing sustainable
Ans. (a) India comes in the category of low middle
development
income countries because its per capita
practices can mitigate environmental
income in 2019 was just US$ 6700 per
deterioration by minimising pollution and
annum.
safeguarding ecosystems for flora and fauna. It
can enhance economic advancement by (b) Infant Morality Rate indicates the number of
fostering resilience and equity within children that die before the age of one year
communities, as well as reducing living as a proportion of 100 live children born in
expenses. that particular year. Kerala has a low IMR
because of the education and basic medical
36. Why could different persons have different
facilities.
notions of a country’s development? Explain
with examples. (CBSE 2024) (c) Groundwater is an example of
Ans. Individuals possess varying perceptions of a renewable resources because these
nation’s development, influenced by their resources are replenished by nature
unique life circumstances, ambitions, and just like crops and plants.
social and economic standings. Those from
Case Based Questions
diverse social and economic backgrounds
may hold distinct aspirations for 38. Besides seeking more income, one way or
development. For instance, the other, people also seek things like
an unemployed urban individual may seek equal treatment, freedom, security, and
employment and a substantial income, whereas respect of
a member of a tribal community may prioritise others. They resent discrimination. All these are
basic necessities such as food, clothing, and important goals. In fact, in some cases, these
shelter. may be more important than more income or
more consumption because material goods are
Paragraph Based Questions not all that you need to live. Money, or material
37. Read the sources given below and answer things that one can buy with it, is one factor on
the questions that follow: which our life depends. But the quality of our
Source A – National Development life also depends on non-material things
Countries with per capita income of US$ 49,300 mentioned above. If it is not obvious to you,
per annum and above in 2019, are called rich then just think of the role of your friends in your
countries and those with per capita income of life. You may desire their friendship. Similarly,
US$ 2500 or less are called low-income there are many things that are not easily
countries. India comes in the category of low measured but they mean a lot to our lives.
middle income countries because its per capita These are often ignored. However,
DEVELOPMENT

income in 2019 was just US$ 6700 per annum. it will be wrong to conclude that what cannot
(a) Why does India consider as a low be measured is not important. For
middle income country? development, people look at a mix of goals. It is
Source B – Public Facilities true that if women are engaged in paid work,
6 Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate because their dignity in the household and society
increases. However, it is also the case that if
there is respect for women there would be more
sharing of housework and
 a greater acceptance of women working
are important characteristics that should form
outside. A safe and secure environment may
the basis of comparison: friendliness and spirit
allow more women to take up a variety of jobs
of cooperation.
or run a business. Hence, the developmental
goals that people have are not only about 39.2 On what basis countries are compared?
better income but also about other important Ans. For comparing countries, their income is
things in life. considered to be one of the most important
38.1 In addition to equal treatment, freedom, attributes. Countries with higher income are
security, and respect for others, what does a more developed than others with less income.
person seek? 39.3 Why is the income of a country an
Ans. Besides seeking more income, one way or incompetent measure to assess its
the other, people also seek things like development state?
equal treatment, freedom, security, and Ans. For comparison between countries, total income
respect of others. They resent is not such a useful measure. Since, countries
discrimination. have different populations, comparing total
38.2 What are the factors on which our life depends? income will not tell us what an average person
Ans. Money, or material things that one can buy with is likely to earn.
it, is one factor on which our life depends. But 40. However, for comparison between countries,
the quality of our life also depends on non- total income is not such a useful measure.
material things. Since, countries have different populations,
38.3 How can women take up different jobs or run comparing total income will not tell us what
a an average
business? person is likely to earn. Are people in one country
Ans. A safe and secure environment may allow more better off than others in a different country?
women to take up a variety of jobs or run a Hence, we compare the average income which
business. is the total income of the country divided by its
39. Usually we take one or more important
total population. The average income is also
characteristics of persons and compare them called per capita income. In World
based on these characteristics. Of course, Development Reports, brought out by the
there can be differences about what are World Bank, this criterion is used in classifying
important characteristics that should form the countries. Countries with per capita income of
basis of comparison: friendliness and spirit of US$ 49,300 per annum and above in 2019, are
cooperation, creativity or marks secured? This called high income or rich countries and those
is true of development too. For comparing with per capita income of US$ 2500 or less are
countries, their income is considered to be one called low-income countries.
of the most important attributes. Countries India comes in the category of low middle
with higher income are more developed than income countries because its per capita
others with income in 2019 was just US$ 6700 per annum.
less income. This is based on the understanding The rich countries, excluding countries of
that more income means more of all things Middle East and certain other small countries
that human beings need. Whatever people like, are generally called developed countries.
and should have, they will be able to get with 40.1 Which organisation publishes the
greater income. So, greater income itself is World Development Report?
considered to be one important goal. Intuitively, Ans. World Development Report is published by
the income of the country is the income of all the World Bank.
the residents of the country. This gives us the 40.2 Define the term per capita income.
total income of the country. However, for
Ans. We compare the average income which is the
comparison between countries, total income is
total income of the country divided by its total
not such a useful measure. Since, countries
population. The average income is also called
have different populations, comparing total
per capita income.
income will not tell us what an average person
is likely to earn. Are people in one country 40.3 Why the comparison of total income of
better off than others in a different country? countries is not a useful measure?
DEVELOPMENT

Hence, we compare the average income which Ans. The total income of nations is not utilised for
is the total income of the country divided by its comparative analysis, as the varying
total population. The average income is also populations of different countries do not
called per capita income. provide a clear understanding when
39.1 According to the passage which characteristics comparisons are drawn
based solely on this criterion. 7
can be used to compare two individuals?
Ans. Of course, there can be differences about what
 Long Answer Type Questions (d) interest.
41. What is sustainable development? Suggest any 8 Ans. (a) sum of all the factor income.
two
ways in which resources can be used
judiciously.
Ans. Sustainable development is a condition where
the current needs and aspirations of the
society can be met without compromising the
ability
of the future generations to meet their needs
and aspirations. Let’s take the example of
groundwater. This is a renewable resource.
But overuse of this resource is depleting it,
and it is not being replenished by nature at
the same rate. Groundwater is a renewable
resource and
is replenished by nature in the form of rain
but to sustain it for future generations it
should
be utilised wisely or the consequences can be
serious. Resources can be used judiciously in the
following manner:
(i) Using a bicycle or walking for short
distances rather than using a two-wheeler
or four- wheeler can help in saving fuel
and also will help in reducing air pollution.
(ii) Urbanisation without deforestation can help
us to sustain the natural environment.
(iii) By using CNG in place of petrol, we can help
in
reducing air pollution.
42. Development means different things for different
people. Support your statement with reasons.
Ans. The following examples show that development
could mean different things to different people.
• A girl may try to seek freedom and
opportunity as her brother for development,
but this
notion may not be liked by the parents.
• The school may seek increase in tuition fee
for the advancement of education facilities,
but the parents may find it difficult to bear.
• Women may seek desirable reservation in
election to local bodies for their
development, however, the male-
dominated society may not approve it
fearing their share being divided.
• Construction of dam may be development
for some. It may be beneficial for the
generation of electricity. Urban areas may
benefit from it but the rural areas may be
submerged under water.

Let’s Compete
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. National income refers to
DEVELOPMENT

(a) sum of all the factor income.

(b) wages.
(c) rent.
 2. Sustainable development takes care of the present
and
(a) society. (b) past.
(c) future. (d) community.
Ans. (c) future.
3. BMI stands for
(a) Body Mass Index. (b) Bureau Mass Index.
(c) Below Measure Index. (d) None of these.
Ans. (a) Body Mass Index.
4. Per capita income refers to
(a) whole income. (b) average income.
(c) national income. (d) none of these.
Ans. (b) average income.
5. Which method is used by the World Bank to
classify the countries?
(a) Human Development (b) Per Capita Income
(c) National Income (d) Economic Development
Ans. (b) Per Capita Income
6. Which of the following neighbouring countries
has better performance in terms of human
development than India?
(a) Bangladesh (b) Sri Lanka
(c) Nepal (d) Pakistan
Ans. (b) Sri Lanka
7. A person is overweight if the body mass index is
more than
(a) 18 (b) 20
(c) 22 (d) 25
Ans. (d) 25
8. Which of the following states of India has low
literacy rate?
(a) Punjab (b) Bihar
(c) Kerala (d) Tamil Nadu
Ans. (b) Bihar
9. Which of the following do we get when we divide
the national income of a country by its total
population?
(a) Per Capita Income
(b) Gross Development Product
(c) Human Development Index
(d) None of these
Ans. (a) Per Capita Income
10. National Development refers to
(a) equality.
(b) democracy.
(c) employment.
(d) development of all sections.
Ans. (d) development of all sections.
 Value Based Questions 2. How can skill development help the Indian youth
(Optional) to fulfil its aspirations?
Ans. The shortage of skilled labour is a greater
1. India is a developing country. What factors do
you think can lead to make it a developed challenge for countries like India and various
nation? other developing nations. But nowadays, the
firms and producers in developing countries are
Ans. Yes, it is true that India is a developing
increasingly involved in the global brands which
country. Some of the important factors which
require them to meet global standards of
can make India a developed nation are as
quality. This in turn requires higher levels of
follows:
skills in the workforce. So the skill development
(i) Population control will help the Indian youth to compete with the
(ii) Proper management of resources international workforce which
(iii) Eradication of unemployment in turn will be of great help in their economic
(iv) Work towards attaining and personal development. The youth will now
sustainable development start thinking and working according to the
(v) Environmental protection global standards.

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