BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY
Study of
UDUMBARA
Guided by Dr. Ashwini Kumar Kushwaha Sir
M.D. (Ay.) Dravyaguna
Presented by Anchala Gupta
B. Pharma (Ay.) 2nd year
Ayurvedic Classification
Charaka Samhita - Mutrasangrahaniya, Kasayaskandha
Sushruta Samhita - Nyagrodhadi
Bhavprakash Nighantu - Kshirvrksha, Panchavalkala
Botanical Name - Ficus glomerata Roxb.
Synonym Ficus racemosa
Linn.
Family - Moraceae
Vernacular Name -
Hindi: गूलर.
English: Cluster fig, Country fig
Habitat: Throughout India. Grows wild in forests and hills.
Often found around subterranean water streams.
Synonyms
Jantughna
Hemadugdhaka
Pushpasunya
Sadaphala
Sitavalkala
Krimivrksha
Apushpaphala
Botanical Description
Spreading trees, upto 20 metres tall, lactiferous, with few short
aerial roots; branches smooth, reddish-brown
Leaves membranous to chartaceous, 3- nerved, oval -oblong or
elliptic lanceolate in shape, upto 12 × 5 cm., dark green in colour
with entire margin, petiole upto 3 cm. long, glabrous, stipules 2 cm
long, ovate - lanceolate in shape.
Receptacles obovoid, peduncle upto 1cm long; bracts lateral, at
the middle of the peduncle, small. Male, female and gall flowers
with Perianth. Male and gall flowers stalked; the female flowers
sessile.
Fruits are green in colour and turn reddish when ripen. Fruits on
leafless plant.
The fruits, borne in great profusion, mature generally from
March to July. When fully ripe, they have a pleasant odour,
resembling that of cider apples. Often they are full of
maggots of the fertilizing wasp and unfit for eating.
The bark is astringent, rusty brown with a fairly smooth and
soft surfaces, the thickness varies from 0.5-2 cm according
to the age of trunk or bark, surface with minute separating
flakes of whitish tissue, texture homogeneous leathery.
Flowering and fruiting time - All seasons. Fruits mature
generally from March to July. New foliage appears in cold
months.
Chemical Composition
Analysis of the fruit gave the following values: Moisture
13.6, albuminoids 7.4, fat 5.6, carbohydrates 40.0, colouring
matter 8.5, fibre 17.9, ash 6.5, silica 0.25 and phosphorus
0.91%.
The leaves (dry matter basis) contains : Crude protein
12.36, ether extract 2.75, crude fibre 3.03, N- free extract
58.88, total carbohydrates 71.91 and total ash 12.98%.
Properties
Guna: Laghu, Ruksha
Rasa: Kasaya
Virya: Sheeta
Vipaka: Katu
Action - Mutrasangrahaniya, Dahaprasamana,
Garbhasayasothahara, Sukrastambhana, Raktapittasamaka,
Agnisadan, Stambhana, Garbhaposhaka, Krmikaraka,
Sothahara, Vedanasthapana, Varnya, Vranaropana.
Uses - Prameha, Pradara, Swetpradara, Asragdara,
Sukradourbalya, Raktatisara, Pravahika, Grahani, Sotha,
Vedana, Vrana, Varnavikriti, Balatisara, Daharoga,
Raktapitta.
Parts used - Bark, Fruit, Latex.
Dose -
Powder 3-6 gm.,
Decoction 50-100 ml., Latex 5-
10 drops.
Formulation - Udumbarasara, Udumbaradi tailam.
