Reported Speech (Függő beszéd)
Példák:
Oliver: „I am glad to see you.” [Simple Present] – Oliver said (that) he was glad to see
me. [Simple Past]
Sarah: „We didn’t go out on Saturday.” [Simple Past] – Sarah told me (that) they hadn’t
gone out on Saturday. [Past Perfect] - had +3.alak
Bob: „I have finished the puzzle.” [Present Perfect] – Bob said (that) he had finished the
puzzle. [Past Perfect] - had +3.alak
Liz: „I had been in India for four months before I visited the Taj Mahal.” [Past Perfect] –
Liz declared (that) she had been in India for four months before she visited the Taj
Mahal.” [Past Perfect]
Greg: „ I will talk to Jim later.” [will] – Greg mentioned (that) he would talk to Jim later.
[would]
Tom: „ I would have come to Lee’s party if I had been back in time.” [Conditional
Perfect] – Tom said (that) he would have coe to Lee’s party if he had been back in time.
[Conditional Perfect]
Present Simple → “I work here.” Past Simple → He said he worked there.
Present Continuous → “I am working.” Past Continuous → He said he was working.
Present Perfect → “I have finished.” Past Perfect → He said he had finished.
Past Simple → “I saw her.” Past Perfect → He said he had seen her.
will → “I will call you.” would → He said he would call me.
can → could
shall → should
must → had to
may → might
today → that day
yesterday → the day before
tomorrow → the next day, the following day
tonight → that night
this week → that week
last Saturday → the Saturday before
here → there
in this house → in that house
Kivételek, amikor semmi se változik: általánosan érvényes kifejezések, szokások,
természeti törvények, megváltoztathatatlan törvények.
Kérdés függő beszédben
Példák:
o Are you married? He asked me whether I was married.
o Did you meet Linda? He asked me if I had met Linda.
o Why did you leave so early? She wondered why I had left so early.
o Who switched the lights off? They wanted to know who had switched the
lights off.
Tudnivalók:
• Yes/No kérdésnél → if vagy whether kötőszót használunk.
• Wh- kérdésnél → a kérdőszót megtartjuk (why, who, where, when stb.).
• A függő beszédben a szórend már állító mondat lesz (nincs fordított szórend).
Felszólítás függő beszédben
Példák:
o Please, come an hour earlier. Nick asked me to come an hour earlier.
o Fill in this form, please. The manager advised me to fill in that form.
o Listen carefully. I told you to listen carefully.
o Don’t talk about the weather. I told them not to talk about the weather.
o Don’t tell Ann about my new job, please. She asked me not to tell Ann
about her new job.
Tudnivalók:
• A szerkezet: ige (asked, told, advised stb.) + személyes névmás + to +
infinitive. Példa: He told me to sit down.
• Tagadó felszólításnál: not to + infinitive. Példa: She told me not to be late.
