Cell

Name: Time allowed:

Class: ( ) Date:

Marks: / 127

Part A - Fill in the blanks

1. Choose suitable words from the box below to complete the sentences. (1 mark each)

cytoplasm kind Pair nucleus

number X chromosome autosomes sex chromosomes
DNA

Chromosomes are found in the (a) ________________ of every body cell. For each
thread-like chromosome, there is another one exactly like it. In other words,
chromosomes exist in (b) _____________.

Every body cell of a living thing has the same (c) ________________ of
chromosomes. For example, every body cell in humans contains 23 pairs of
chromosomes. There are 22 pairs of (d) _______________________ and one pair of
(e) ________________________. Chromosomes are made up of (f) _____________
and proteins.

2. ____________ are the basic units of living things.

3. The ____________ of a cell contains genetic materials.

4. (1 mark each)
A typical animal cell consists of a cell membrane, a (a)____________ and
(b)____________.
5. Many plant cells have ____________ that are green in colour and is where
photosynthesis takes place.

6. Most chemical reactions take place in the ____________ of a cell.

7. When an eyepiece of 5X and an objective of 10X are used together, the

magnification of the microscope is ____________.

8. (1 mark each)
DNA stands for (a)_____________________________________. It is found inside
the (b)________________ of a cell. It coils up around some proteins to form
(c)________________, which are thread-like structures.

9. (1 mark each)
Growth in living things involves the increase in the (a)____________ and the
(b)____________ of cells.

Part B - Matching

10. Match column A with column B by writing the corresponding letters a, b, etc. in
the boxes below.

Column A (Cell structure) Column B (Function)

1. cell wall  (a) contains mainly water and stores

dissolved minerals

2. cell membrane  (b) protects and gives shape to a plant

cell

3. nucleus  (c) where photosynthesis takes place

4. vacuole  (d) where chemical reactions take place

5. chloroplast  (e) contains genetic materials that
control the activities of the cell

6. cytoplasm  (f) controls the movement of substances

into and out of the cell

11. Match column A with column B by writing the corresponding letters a, b, etc. in
the boxes below.

Column A Column B

1. DNA  (a) thread-like structures inside the

nucleus of a cell

2. sex chromosomes  (b) the chromosomes other than the sex

chromosomes

3. chromosomes  (c) contains all instructions needed for

the activities of cells

4. autosomes  (d) determine whether a baby is male or

female

Part C - Online Test

12. The basic unit of our body is

A. a tissue.
B. a cell.
C. an organ.
D. a nucleus. 

13. Which of the following structures can only be found in plant cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Chloroplast
C. Cell membrane
D. Cytoplasm 
14. The diagram below shows an animal cell.

X
Y
Z

The parts labelled X, Y and Z are:

X Y Z
A. Cell membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm
B. Cell wall Nucleus Cytoplasm
C. Cell membrane Chloroplast Nucleus
D. Cytoplasm Nucleus Chloroplast


15. An animal cell basically consists of

(1) a cell membrane.
(2) a nucleus.
(3) cytoplasm.
(4) a cell wall.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (3) and (4) only
C. (1), (2) and (3) only
D. (2), (3) and (4) only 

16. Directions: Questions (a) and (b) refer to the diagram below which shows a plant
cell.
W
X
Y
Z

(a) Which of the following structures is found in plant cells only?

A. W
B. X
C. Y
D. Z 

(b) Which of the following shows the correct names of the structures?
W X Y Z
A. Cell membrane Cell wall Chloroplast Vacuole
B. Cell wall Cell membrane Nucleus Chloroplast
C. Cell wall Cytoplasm Nucleus Vacuole
D. Cell membrane Cytoplasm Chloroplast Vacuole


17. Directions: Questions (a) and (b) refer to the diagram below which shows a plant
cell.

A
D
B
C

(a) Which of the following statements about structure C is correct?

A. It is found in all cells.
B. It controls the activities of the cell.
C. It provides support to the cell.
D. It controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell. 

(b) Which of the following structures of the cell are found in plant cells only?
A. structures A and B
B. structures B and C
C. structures A and D
D. structures B and D 

18. Which of the following descriptions about cell wall is INCORRECT?

A. It is a thick layer outside a cell.
B. Water cannot pass through it.
C. It supports the cell.
D. It gives the cell a regular shape. 

19. The diagram below shows a cell from the onion skin. Which structure allows
substances to pass into and out of the cell?

S
P
R

Q
A. P
B. Q
C. R
D. S 

20. Which of the following correctly shows the structures present in animal cells?
(Key: ✓ = structure present,  = structure absent)
Cell membrane Cell wall Chloroplasts Cytoplasm
A.  ✓ ✓ ✓
B. ✓  ✓ 
C. ✓   ✓
D. ✓ ✓  ✓


21. Which parts of this diagram CANNOT be found in animal cells?

3
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only 

22. The diagram below shows a cell with substances A and B.

substance A
substance B

Which of the following statements BEST describes the above observation?

A. Only substance A can move into the cell.
B. Only substance B can move into the cell.
C. Substances A and B can move into the cell.
D. Only substance B can move into and out of the cell. 

23. A group of students were discussing different parts of a cell. They made the
following statements about the discussion. Which of the following statements is/are
correct?
Samuel: The cell wall covers and protects the nucleus only.
Tammy: Plant cells have large vacuoles and hence they have more regular shapes
than animal cells.
Barry: The chloroplast is responsible for making food.
Albert: The cell membrane acts as a filter. It allows only certain substances to pass
through.
A. Tammy only
B. Barry only
C. Samuel and Albert only
D. Barry and Albert only 

24. Directions: Questions (a) and (b) refer to the following description.
Paul is using a light microscope to observe a specimen in the school laboratory.
(a) He finds that the image of the specimen is too dark, what should he do?
A. He should adjust the diaphragm.
B. He should turn the fine adjustment knob.
C. He should use an eyepiece of higher magnification.
D. He should switch on all the lights in the laboratory. 

(b) He finds that the image is too small, what should he do?
A. He should turn the fine adjustment knob.
B. He should use a high-power objective.
C. He should close one of his eyes.
D. He should change another microscope. 

25. Gary looked through the microscope to observe a specimen slide. He found that
the image was not clear and wanted to make the image sharper and clearer. Which
structure of the microscope should he adjust?

P
R

A. P
B. Q
C. R
D. S 

26. May is observing the following word under the microscope. What will May see?

May

A. B. C. D.

27. If you observe an object under the microscope, what kind of image will you see?
A. An upright and larger image
B. An inverted and larger image
C. An upright and smaller image
D. An inverted and smaller image 

28. The magnification of a microscope equals to

A. magnification power of the eyepiece + magnification power of the objective
B. magnification power of the eyepiece – magnification power of the objective
C. magnification power of the eyepiece × magnification power of the objective
D. magnification power of the eyepiece ÷ magnification power of the objective 

29. What is the size of the image of an object of 2 mm in diameter under a microscope
with a 5X eyepiece and a 5X objective?
A. 2.5 mm
B. 5 mm
C. 25 mm
D. 50 mm 

30. Alex makes the following biological drawing when observing ox eye cells.
 cell membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm

An ox eye cell

Which of the following statements is/are correct when making the drawing?
(1) He should not use dots when making the drawing.
(2) He should add the magnification of microscope.
(3) He should shade the nucleus instead of using dots.
A. (2) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (1) and (3) only 

31. An animal P has a mass of 8 grams when it is one week old. It has a mass of 40
grams when it is one month old. Which of the following would have contributed to
the increase in its mass?
(1) Cell division
(2) Cell growth
(3) Cell death
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only 

32. The diagrams below show six different types of cells.

 U V W

X Y Z

Which of the following combinations about the classification of the cells is correct?
Animal cell Plant cell
A. U, V, W X, Y, Z
B. U, W, X, Y V, Z
C. W, X, Y U, V, Z
D. W, X U, V, Y, Z


33. Which of the following are unicellular organisms?

(1) (2)

Red blood cells Yeast

 (3) (4)

Amoeba Leaf cells

A. (1) and (2) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (3) and (4) only
D. (1) and (4) only 

34. What is the actual size of the cell shown in the photomicrograph below?

8 mm

(Magnification: 400X)
A. 2 µm
B. 20 µm
C. 2 mm
D. 20 mm 

Part D - Short question

35. The diagram below shows a plant cell.

 A

B
C

A scientist wants to insert some genetic materials into the cell that would enable the
plant cell to make a new substance X on its own.
(a) Into which part, A to D, of the cell should the scientist insert the genetic
material?
(1 mark)

(b) In which part, A to D, is substance X likely to be made? (1 mark)

(c) It was discovered that substance X could not get out of the cell. Name the
structure of the cell that could have stopped substance X from getting out of it.
(1 mark)

36. (a)Arrange the following steps of using a microscope in the correct order.
(4 marks)
1. Put the slide onto the stage of the microscope.
2. Observe the slide through the eyepiece and turn the coarse and fine
adjustment knobs until the object is in focus.
3. Put the microscope near a window or put a table lamp in front of the
microscope.
4. Watch the microscope from the side and carefully lower the objective by
turning the coarse adjustment knob until it is just above the slide.
5. Adjust the mirror to reflect light.
6. Fix the position of the slide with clips.
7. A clear image is seen.

Correct order: ___ → ___ → ___ → ___ → ___ → ___ → ___

(b) What are the differences between an object and its image observed under a
microscope? (2 marks)
(c) If a 5X eyepiece is used together with a 40X objective, what is the magnification
of the microscope? (2 marks)

37. You are provided with a piece of onion scale leaf. Outline the procedures to
prepare a slide of onion skin cells. (4 marks)

38. Athena is learning how to use a light microscope.

A
C

D B

(a) Which part of the above light microscope is for holding the slide in place?
(1 mark)

(b) Which part of the above light microscope is for making adjustments in focusing?
(1 mark)

(c) Suggest ONE function of part E of the microscope. (1 mark)

39. Mother bought a magic tree for Rachel. After pouring the ‘magic water’ into the
tray and allowing the special paper tree to slowly absorb the water from the tray, this
magic tree can grow into a tall crystal (晶體) tree in less than 12 hours.

(a) State ONE similarity between the ‘growth’ of this magic tree and the growth of a
real tree. (1 mark)

(b) State TWO differences between the ‘growth’ of this magic tree and the growth of
a real tree. (2 marks)

Part E - Long question

40. The diagram below shows a drawing of a cell made by Ann.

Z Y

(a) What kind of cell, animal cell or plant cell, is shown above? Explain your
answer.
 (2 marks)

(b) Label structures X, Y and Z of the cell. (3 marks)

(c) What are the main functions of structure Z? (1 mark)

41. The diagram below shows a unicellular organism called Amoeba.

cytoplasm

vacuole

nucleus

cell membrane

(a) (i) State TWO similarities between Amoeba and a plant cell. (2 marks)

(ii) Amoeba can take any shapes. Explain why a plant cell cannot. (2 marks)

(b) Amoeba divides into two by undergoing one cell division. How many cells are
formed after five cell divisions? (1 mark)

42. The following diagrams show two different cells taken from two living things.
 I ________________

II ________________

III _______________
VI _______________

IV _______________

V ________________ VII _______________

cell X cell Y

(a) Write the name of the structures in the blanks shown in the above diagrams.
(7 marks)

(b) Which of the above cells is a plant cell? Give TWO reasons to support your
answer. (3 marks)

(c) What is the function of structure I? (1 mark)

(d) In which structure is genetic materials found in cell Y? (1 mark)

43. Kenny is using a microscope to observe a specimen. As the image is not clear
enough, he moves the objective downwards while he is looking through the eyepiece.
Then, he closes one of his eyes and looks through the microscope again.
(a) List TWO mistakes that Kenny has made in using a microscope. (2 marks)

(b) Suggest what Kenny should do so as to get a clear image. (4 marks)

(c) The diagram below shows an amoeba in the specimen.

Length of amoeba

(Magnification 200X)
(i) What is the actual size of the amoeba? Show your calculation. (2 marks)
 (ii) An amoeba is made up of only one cell. What is the name of this kind of
living thing? State another example of a living thing that is also made up of
one cell. (2 marks)

44. Cindy wants to observe the skin cells of an onion. She has eyepieces and
objectives of the following magnification.
Eyepieces Objectives
5X 5X
10X 10X
15X 40X

(a) To observe the maximum number of skin cells, what magnification of eyepiece
and objective should Cindy use? (1 mark)

(b) To observe the structure of onion skin cells in the most detail, what
magnification of eyepiece and objective should Cindy use? (1 mark)

(c) Calculate the magnification of the microscope in (a) and (b). (2 marks)

45. The diagram below shows cell X from an organism.

cell membrane vacuole

chloroplast
(a) Suggest TWO reasons why cell X is not an animal cell. (2 marks)

(b) Identify an important cell structure that is absent in cell X. (1 mark)

(c) Without the cell structure in (b), state one function that cell X cannot carry out.
(1 mark)

(d) Other than the absence of cell structure in (b), state a difference between cell X
and a typical plant cell. (1 mark)

46. A yeast (酵母) cell was placed in a nutrient solution. The number of yeast cells was
counted under the light microscope every hour. After a certain period of time, the cells
were put into a refrigerator. The results were presented in a graph as shown below.

14
12
10
Number of
yeast cells 8
6
4
2
0 Time (hour)
1 2 3 4
(a) Why should the yeast cell be put into the nutrient solution at the beginning of the
experiment? (1 mark)

(b) The yeast cells were put into the refrigerator at the 3rd hour. Comment on the
effect of temperature on cell division of yeast cells. (1 mark)
(c) Predict the number of yeast cells at the end of the 5th hour if the cells were not
put into the refrigerator. (1 mark)

(d) Other than the study of the effect of temperature on the cell division of yeast
cells, suggest another aim of this experiment. (1 mark)

47. The diagram below shows some red blood cells.

(a) Briefly describe the shape of red blood cells. (1 mark)

(b) Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body.
Oxygen combines with a protein in the red blood cells and is carried to different
parts of the body. It is known that mature red blood cells do not have a nucleus.
State how this facilitates the transport of oxygen throughout the body. (2 marks)

(c) (i) A material can be found in the nucleus and it is absent in mature red blood
cells. Name this material. (1 mark)

(ii) State the importance of this material to the human body. (2 marks)