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Cloud Computing and Security Fundamentals

Article in International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing · April 2022
DOI: 10.47760/ijcsmc.2022.v11i04.004

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Uday CHANDRAKANT Patkar Priyanshu Singh

Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engineering Lavale Pune Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
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Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com/journal

International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing

A Monthly Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology

ISSN 2320–088X
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IJCSMC, Vol. 11, Issue. 4, April 2022, pg.18 – 24

Cloud Computing and

Security Fundamentals
1
Dr. Uday Patkar (HOD Computer Dept.)
2
Priyanshu Singh; 3Harshit Panse; 4Shubham Bhavsar; 5Chandramani Pandey
Department of Computer Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, Lavale, Pune

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47760/ijcsmc.2022.v11i04.004

Abstract— In today’s era almost all the organizations are preferring to use cloud as their primary storage.
Once the organization uploads its data to cloud, then the organization has no control over it. Then comes the
security challenges in handling data to cloud service providers. While selecting a Cloud Service Provider we
need to be aware about that service provider before giving our data because as from now you will not have all
the control.
This paper gives a better understanding on the concept of cloud computing and the risks that came up after
outsourcing data handling tasks. Section 1 is Introduction, Section 2 discusses on various Service Models in
Cloud Computing, Section 3 contains Cloud Deployment Models, Section 4 focuses on Security Issues and
Challenges in Cloud Computing
Keywords— Service Models, Cloud Deployment Model, Security Issues, Challenges

I. INTRODUCTION
Cloud Computing is defined as architecture that centralizes server resources on a scalable
platform so as to provide on demand computing resources and services. In cloud computing
user shares processing power, storage space, bandwidth, memory. The cloud service provider
shares its resources and our costs. In this, we as the organization only has to pay for what we
are using.
Today all organizations are thinking to reduce their data storage and information security cost.
As a huge amount of capital investment is needed for installing hardware for data storage. In
this situation the only and efficient solution is that outsourcing this all data handling task to a
separate organization, which are cloud service providers. Major cloud service providers in
markets are: Google cloud, Microsoft azure, amazon web services. But handing
organization’s private data to cloud service provider may solve your primary objective of

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 Dr. Uday Patkar et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.4, April- 2022, pg. 18-24

reducing cost on handling data but also put you in a risk of data security like data loss and
data leak.
Cloud computing is an Internet based service which is arranged and shared through internet.

II. SERVICE MODELS IN CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing service models are divided into three classes, according to the abstraction
level of the capability. The user has to select out of these service models according to the
requirement.
There are service models viz.: SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Naas.

Software as a Service (SaaS): SaaS is the model in which an application is hosted as a

service to customers who access it via internet. Instead of installing software on user’s
computer, software is installed on cloud server. And the user can easily access it via internet.
Under this SaaS model user is free from the complex part of managing software and
hardware.
Benefits:
1. Saas is a broad application in which the services can be anything like online banking
services, Gmail, Face book, hotmail and even from a web based email applications
ton any inventory control.

2. SaaS is used in the application where there is a main interplay between the enterprise
and outside world.

3. SaaS is used in that software which is used for short term manner. Example:
collaboration software for any project.

4. SaaS uses some programming interface like API which provide integration between
different Tools of a software.

5. SaaS has some products and providers which are well known .For example Microsoft
office online

Platform as a Service (PaaS): PaaS supplies all resources required to build applications
and services completely from the Internet, without having to download or install software. In
PaaS user has full freedom to create environment according to his requirement.
Benefits:
1. It reduces the development and maintenance cost when we develop, deploy and test
any application on same integrated environment.

2. There is no need of downloading or installing for users to experience the software

online. We all use website like Face book, Gmail, and yahoo etc.

3. It provides scalability, reliability and security which is in built.

4. It has shared architecture means concurrent users can access the application.

5. Pay for use.

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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): IaaS is offering virtualized resources like

computation, storage, and communication. IaaS users can access the services using a wide
area network, such as the internet. For example, a user can create virtual machines by login to
the IaaS platform.
Benefits:
1. IaaS distribute the resources as a service.

2. Dynamic scaling is allowed in IaaS.

3. In IaaS cost varies.

4. In IaaS, multiple users or customers can access on a same hardware.

5. It has full scalability.

Network as a Service (NaaS): Cloud Network as a service (Naas) provides the

capability to use the network services and inter-cloud network connectivity services.

Fig. 1 Shows service models in cloud computing.

III. CLOUD DEPLOYMENT MODEL

Public model: In this deployment model more than one user shares the same hardware for
storage, which is provided by their cloud service provider according to user’s subscription.
Most common uses of public clouds are for application development and testing, non-
mission-critical tasks such as file-sharing, and e-mail service.

Private model: In this deployment model the cloud is used by a single organization and
managed by cloud service provider which take care of it either on-site or off-site. Private
cloud model is more expensive relative to Public cloud model as more capital is needed for
acquiring and maintaining. However, private clouds are better able to address the security and
privacy concerns for organization.

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 Dr. Uday Patkar et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.4, April- 2022, pg. 18-24

Hybrid model: In this deployment model an organization make use of private and public
cloud model infrastructure, basically it’s a combination of both Public and Private cloud
models. Hybrid cloud model are generally implemented in organizations where there is
seasonal requirement of storage.

Community model: This model is shared between organizations of a particular

community like government, banks, commercial enterprises etc.

Fig.2 Shows Cloud Deployment Models.

IV. APPLICATIONS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

1. Online Data Storage:
Cloud computing allows to store data on cloud storage. There is no need to set physical
storage systems for storing huge volume of business data.

2. Backup and Recovery:

Cloud service provider maintains security from their side and also provides backup
facility to the data. Backing up data helps organizations to recover their valuable data in
case of any failure.

3. Bigdata Analysis:
Volume of big data is so high where storing that in traditional data management system
for an organization is impossible. But cloud computing has resolved that problem by
allowing the organizations to store their large volume of data in cloud storage without
worrying about physical storage. Next comes analyzing the raw data and finding out
insights or useful information from it is a big challenge as it requires high-quality
tools for data analytics. Cloud computing provides the biggest facility to
organizations in terms of storing and analyzing big data.

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 Dr. Uday Patkar et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.4, April- 2022, pg. 18-24

4. E-commerce Application:
Cloud-based e-commerce allows responding quickly to the opportunities which are
emerging. Users respond quickly to the market opportunities as well as the traditional
e-commerce responds to the challenges quickly. Cloud-based e-commerce gives a
new approach to doing business with the minimum amount as well as minimum time
possible.
5. Cloud computing in education:
Cloud computing in the education sector brings an unbelievable change in learning by
providing e-learning, online distance learning platforms, and student information
portals to the students. It is a new trend in education that provides an attractive
environment for learning, teaching, experimenting, etc to students, faculty members,
and researchers. Everyone associated with the field can connect to the cloud of their
organization and access data and information from there.

6. Cloud Computing in Medical Fields:

In the medical field also nowadays cloud computing is used for storing and accessing
the data as it allows to store data and access it through the internet without worrying
about any physical setup. It facilitates easier access and distribution of information
among the various medical professional and the individual patients. Similarly, with
help of cloud computing offsite buildings and treatment facilities like labs, doctors
making emergency house calls and ambulances information, etc can be easily
accessed and updated remotely instead of having to wait until they can access a
hospital computer.

7. Entertainment Applications:
Many people get entertainment from the internet, in that case, cloud computing is the
perfect place for reaching to a varied consumer base. Therefore different types of
entertainment industries reach near the target audience by adopting a multi-cloud
strategy. Cloud-based entertainment provides various entertainment applications such
as online music/video, online games and video conferencing, streaming services, etc
and it can reach any device be it TV, mobile, set-top box, or any other form. It is a
new form of entertainment called On-Demand Entertainment (ODE).

V. SECURITY ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN CLOUD COMPUTING

Before handling organizations data to cloud service provider, some of the security challenges
needs to be solved.
Some of the major security issues and challenges in cloud computing are discussed below:

Privacy: Data uploaded to cloud storage is stored in various data centres created by cloud
service providers at different location. In public model more than one user shares the same
storage, then there is high risk of data leak and data loss as one of user may attack on others
data and perform the illegal tasks. So, for confidential data private model is suggested.

Data integrity: It is the responsibility of cloud service provider to maintain data integrity.
No one should have access to data except the one who has rights. The stored data must not be
modified or deleted by any issue faced by cloud service provider.

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 Dr. Uday Patkar et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.4, April- 2022, pg. 18-24

Trust Issue: It is the foremost important thing to have trust on our cloud service provider as
the organization is handling its data to them. Here, trust is between – human and human,
human and machine.

Some other security issues are:

• Access to Servers & Applications

• Virtual Machine Security

• Network Security

• Data Location

• Data Availability

• Data Segregation

• Security Policy and Compliance

• Patch management

CONCLUSIONS
In this paper we have described the service models of cloud computing, Deployment
models in cloud computing and the security issues and challenges that come across using
cloud services. This paper will surely help to understand the concepts of cloud computing and
security issues.

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 Dr. Uday Patkar et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.4, April- 2022, pg. 18-24

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