2022 12 19 Concord Complaint
2022 12 19 Concord Complaint
Transaction ID 68675512
Case No. 2022-1173-
IN THE COURT OF CHANCERY OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
Plaintiff,
Defendants.
Diamond, Jeff Tuder, Michele Cito, David Schamis, Peter Ort, Thomas King and
itself and its own actions, and upon information and belief as to all other matters.
INTRODUCTION
appropriate for itself a $20 million asset rightfully belonging to the stockholders of
the SPAC.
2. The SPAC and its Sponsor were formed by Atlas Merchant Capital
LLC (“Atlas”) to make an acquisition in the financial technology sector. Each of the
SPAC’s officers and directors has personal and financial ties to Atlas, and all but
Internet Financial Limited (“Circle”), a cryptocurrency company, but that deal fell
through in early December 2022. The SPAC subsequently announced that it would
not complete a business combination before its two-year deadline and would wind
public representations, the Sponsor agreed that, having failed to strike a deal, it
would lose its entire investment and its “shares will be worthless.”
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paid by Circle that rightfully belongs to Plaintiff and the proposed Class as the
whom have financial interests in the Sponsor—have determined that the $20 million
contrast, will receive back only their initial investments, with minimal interest, after
SPAC violates not only their fiduciary duties to stockholders but also the express
terms of an agreement with the SPAC, pursuant to which Defendants waived any
right or claim to the SPAC’s assets in a distribution, which they acknowledged and
plan to dissolve the SPAC and distribute its remaining assets, including the break-
up fee, to themselves.
9. This action seeks injunctive relief precluding the final dissolution of the
SPAC and the distribution of its remaining net assets—other than those currently
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the break-up fee and any other remaining assets of the SPAC to the holders of Class
A Public Shares.
THE PARTIES
SPAC. Plaintiff continuously held shares of the SPAC at all times relevant to this
action.
for managing the SPAC. Atlas formed the Sponsor, and the Sponsor’s managing
members consist of three Atlas senior personnel, Defendants Bob Diamond, David
a Founding Partner and the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of Atlas. He is also the
Partner of Atlas. He is also the Chief Executive Officer of Concord II and Concord
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15. Defendant Michele Cito is the SPAC’s Chief Financial Officer
(“CFO”). She is the CFO and a Managing Director of Atlas. She is also the CFO of
Concord III.
20. Defendants Diamond, King, Leibowitz and Ort are referred to as the
“Director Defendants.”
21. Defendants Diamond, Tuder and Cito are referred to as the “Officer
Defendants.”
22. All of the Director and Officer Defendants are affiliated directly or
indirectly with Atlas and each has financial interests in the ownership of the Sponsor.
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SUBSTANTIVE ALLEGATIONS
23. Atlas formed the Sponsor and the SPAC in September 2020 for the
technology company.
24. Atlas placed its own senior personnel in officer and director positions
for both the Sponsor and the SPAC, and only one member of the SPAC Board,
Defendant Ort, is not directly affiliated with Atlas. However, Ort serves on the
boards of two other Atlas-sponsored SPACs and also has a financial interest in the
Sponsor.
26. The Class B Founder Shares are held entirely by the Sponsor and
Ort, King and Leibowitz purchased approximately 7.1 million Founder Shares from
the SPAC for an aggregate purchase amount of $25,000 (or approximately 0.35 cents
per share).
28. In connection with the IPO, Defendants also (i) purchased 752,000
Class A Public Shares at $10 per share for $7,520,000 (the “Private Placement
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Shares”); and (ii) forfeited a portion of their Founder Shares, leaving 6,900,000
29. The Class A Public Shares were issued to investors in an initial public
offering (“IPO”), which was completed on December 10, 2020. Through the IPO,
Concord issued 27,600,000 Public Shares at $10.00 per share and generated
proceeds of $276,000,000.
30. The proceeds of the IPO have been held in a trust account pending the
stockholders.
that, in the event of successful business combination, the Class B Founder Shares
provide the Sponsor and other Defendants with a windfall reward for orchestrating
a deal, given that they acquired millions of Founder Shares for 0.35 cents each (i.e.,
combination within the allotted time, Defendants acknowledged they would receive
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34. In the IPO prospectus, Defendants stated that the “[F]ounder [S]hares
Sponsor and other Defendants “will lose their entire investment in [the SPAC] if [an]
initial business combination is not completed (other than with respect to any public
36. While the Charter provided that “the holders of shares of Common
Stock shall be entitled to receive all the remaining assets of the Corporation available
Class A Common Stock (on an as converted basis with respect to the Class B
connection with the IPO to waive their rights with respect to any distribution of the
SPAC’s assets.
each of the Defendants (the “Sponsor Agreement”), which supersedes the Charter,
Defendants agreed that “it, he or she has no right, title, interest or claim of any kind
in or to any monies held in the Trust Account or any other asset of the [SPAC] as a
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result of any liquidation of the [SPAC] with respect to the Founder Shares and
38. Defendants also expressly waived all redemption rights with respect to
all shares except for Public Shares acquired in the open market following the IPO.
in the SPAC’s public filings with the SEC. For example, Defendants stated in the
SPAC’s 2021 Form 10-K that “[t]he founder shares will be worthless if we do not
complete an initial business combination,” and that the “752,000 private placement
combination.”
40. The Form 10-K also summarized the Sponsor Agreement and stated
that the Defendants “have entered into a letter agreement with [Concord], pursuant
to which they have waived their rights to liquidating distributions from the trust
account with respect to any founder shares and private placement shares held by
them if we fail to complete our initial business combination within the prescribed
time period.”
41. Circle is a financial technology firm that provides payment and treasury
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42. On May 28, 2021, Atlas announced that it had joined a group of private
Circle. Circle’s valuation in connection with this funding round was not disclosed.
43. At the time, Circle revealed that it was also contemplating a SPAC
transaction but did not disclose the identity of the transaction partner.
44. Two months later, on July 8, 2021, Concord and Circle announced that
the SPAC would invest approximately $276 million in Circle in a transaction that
46. By early 2022, the parties had not closed the Original Transaction, and
47. On February 16, 2022, Concord and Circle mutually terminated the
Agreement”) that doubled the valuation of Circle from $4.5 billion to $9 billion (the
“Transaction”).
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48. The Transaction Agreement set a closing deadline of December 8,
2022, which could be extended only if the SEC declared Concord’s registration
49. The Transaction Agreement provided that in the event that the
Transaction is terminated “by mutual written consent of Concord and [Circle],” then
Circle “shall issue to Concord a number of [Circle] Ordinary Shares equal in value
50. On October 25, 2022, Concord filed its preliminary proxy statement
51. Between February 16, 2022 (the date of the revised Transaction) and
52. The price of Bitcoin fell from approximately $44,000 on February 16,
Voyager Digital, Three Arrows Capital and BlockFi. Thereafter, in early November
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misappropriation of billions of dollars of customers’ funds and, later in the month,
53. By early December 2022, Bitcoin was trading well below $20,000 and
unregistered ordinary shares (valued at the Circle valuation set forth in the
Transaction Agreement).”
56. Defendants further stated that they did “not believe that there is
the period provided for in its certificate of incorporation,” and thus the SPAC would
that, in the dissolution, Class A stockholders would receive back only their initial
investments.
58. Defendants planned to keep for themselves all of the Circle shares
received as a result of the Break-Up Fee, despite their fiduciary duties to Class A
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stockholders, their written assurances otherwise, and their contractual waiver of all
independent directors [i.e., Defendants in this action with personal financial interests
in the Sponsor and Atlas] concluded that the Circle shares to be received by Concord
60. Defendants plan to redeem the Class A Public Shares on or within ten
days of December 10, 2022, and thereafter distribute the Break-Up Fee solely to the
fiduciary duties to Class A stockholders, the Sponsor Agreement and the repeated
62. The Break-Up Fee is an asset of the SPAC—derived from the SPAC’s
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CLASS ACTION ALLEGATIONS
63. Plaintiff brings this Action pursuant to Rule 23 of the Rules of the Court
64. The Class includes all holders of Class A Public Shares on the date of
Concord’s redemption of the Public Shares. The Class does not include Defendants
named herein, and any person, firm, trust, corporation, or other entity related by
successors in interest.
65. The members of the Class are so numerous that joinder of all members
is impracticable. Upon information and belief, the SPAC’s shares are beneficially
66. There are questions of law and fact common to the Class, which
predominate over questions affecting any individual Class member. These common
stockholders;
The existence and extent of injury to Plaintiff and the Class caused by
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67. No difficulties are likely to be encountered in the management of this
with respect to the matters complained of herein, thereby making appropriate the
typical of the claims of other Class members and Plaintiff has the same interests as
Class and will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the Class.
Class that would, as a practical matter, be dispositive of the interests of the other
71. A class action is superior to other available methods for the fair and
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CAUSES OF ACTION
COUNT I
Declaratory Judgment
72. Plaintiff repeats and realleges the allegations set forth in the paragraphs
or other entitlement to the Break-Up Fee or other remaining assets of the SPAC. The
Break-Up Fee is a corporate asset of the SPAC and rightfully belongs to holders of
entitlement to the Break-Up Fee or any remaining assets of the SPAC, and that the
75. Plaintiff seeks all appropriate injunctive relief necessary to enforce the
declaratory judgment entered by this Count. In the absence of such injunctive relief,
monetary damages.
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COUNT II
76. Plaintiff repeats and realleges the allegations set forth in the paragraphs
77. Defendants owe duties of care and loyalty to all Concord stockholders
by virtue of their control of the SPAC and their positions as officers and/or directors
of the SPAC
Fee to the Sponsor (i.e., themselves) because each has a financial interest in Atlas
purpose, to appropriate the Break-Up Fee for themselves, and plan to do so solely
based on their own financial self-interests. Defendants waived any right or claim to
the SPAC’s assets under the Sponsor Agreement—as a necessary condition to raise
public funds in the first place—and therefore there are no circumstances under which
because of their financial self-interests in the Sponsor and Atlas, and thus their
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decision must be weighed under the entire fairness standard. The contemplated
82. This Court should enjoin Concord from distributing any assets other
than the IPO proceeds that are currently held in trust for holders of Class A Public
Shares, and should order Defendants to equitably distribute the Break-Up Fee and
other remaining assets to Plaintiff and the Class. For the avoidance of doubt, this
action does not seek to enjoin the distribution of the assets held in trust in connection
COUNT III
Unjust Enrichment
84. Plaintiff repeats and realleges all of the allegations set forth in the
to unjustly enrich themselves at the expense of, and to the detriment of, the SPAC’s
public stockholders.
86. Defendants plan to divert the SPAC’s Break-Up Fee, after redemption
of Class A Public Shares, to themselves for their own personal financial benefit.
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87. This Count seeks the same injunctive relief against Defendants
B. Declaring that the Defendants are not entitled to the Break-Up Fee,
D. Enjoining the distribution of the SPAC’s assets other than with respect
to the IPO proceeds held in trust for holders of Class A Public Shares;
against all Defendants to the fullest extent permitted by law and/or equity and
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reasonable attorneys’ fees, accountants’ fees, consultants’ fees, and experts’ fees,
H. Granting such further relief as the Court deems just and equitable.
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EFiled: Dec 19 2022 06:18PM EST
Transaction ID 68675512
CaseOF
IN THE COURT OF CHANCERY OF THE STATE No. DELAWARE
2022-1173-
Plaintiff,
V.
Defendants.
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
) SS:
COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO )
General Partner of Funicular Funds, LP (the “Fund"), the plaintiff in the above-
common stock at the time of the wrongs complained of in the Veri ed Class Action
received, been promised or offered, and will not accept any form of compensation,
approves to be paid; or
this action.
I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of Delaware that the
LOU M. FONG-WANG
onq-lWansy
Notary Public
COMM.#2404306
EFNOTARY PUBLIG-CALIFORNIA
SANFRANCISCO COUNTY
MrCOMM. EXP.MAY 30, 2026
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EFiled: Dec 19 2022 06:18PM EST
Transaction ID 68675512
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION PURSUANT TONo.
Case RULE 3(A)
2022-1173-
OF THE RULES OF THE COURT OF CHANCERY
The information contained herein is for the use by the Court for statistical and administrative purposes
only. Nothing stated herein shall be deemed an admission by or binding upon any party.
3. Name and address of counsel for plaintiff(s): William M. Alleman, Jr. (#5449), Sean A. Meluney (#5514),
Stephen A. Spence (#5392), Meluney Alleman & Spence, LLC, 1143 Savannah Rd., Suite 3-A, Lewes, DE
19958
Verified Class Action Complaint for Declaratory, Injunctive, and Monetary Relief
6. Related cases, including any Register of Wills matters (this requires copies of all documents in this
matter to be filed with the Register of Wills):
N/A
7. Basis of court’s jurisdiction (including the citation of any statute(s) conferring jurisdiction):
8. If the complaint seeks preliminary equitable relief, state the specific preliminary relief sought.
10. If the complaint is one that in the opinion of counsel should not be assigned to a Master in the first
instance, check here and attach a statement of good cause. __X__
Declaratory, Injunctive, and Monetary Relief and does not believe that this action is
suitable for assignment to a Master in Chancery. This action is a putative class action
the undersigned respectfully requests that this action should proceed directly before
Words: 70
William
EFiled: Dec M. Alleman,
19 2022 06:18PM Jr. EST
1143 Savannah Road,
Transaction ID 68675512 Suite 3-A
Lewes, DE 19958
Case No. 2022-1173-
Direct Dial: 302-551-6735
Bill.Alleman@maslawde.com
Susan Judge
Register in Chancery
Delaware Court of Chancery
Leonard L. Williams Justice Center
500 North King Street, Suite 11600
Wilmington, Delaware 19801
Please be advised that our office will prepare Summonses for service on
Defendants in the above-referenced action. Once a judicial officer has been assigned
to the case, we will submit the Summonses for your approval via e-mail and kindly
request that you issue them. We will be using process server DLS Discovery to
3114.
Respectfully Submitted,
Words: 71
www.maslawde.com