Scribd
Upload
5 views2 pages

Gravitation

Gravitation is the attractive force between objects with mass, described by Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation, which states that gravitational force is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Key concepts include free fall, acceleration due to gravity, mass versus weight, thrust, pressure, buoyancy, density, and Archimedes' principle, which explains how objects behave in fluids. The document also outlines the conditions under which objects float or sink based on their density relative to water.

Uploaded by

divanshidivanshi09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views2 pages

Gravitation

Gravitation is the attractive force between objects with mass, described by Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation, which states that gravitational force is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Key concepts include free fall, acceleration due to gravity, mass versus weight, thrust, pressure, buoyancy, density, and Archimedes' principle, which explains how objects behave in fluids. The document also outlines the conditions under which objects float or sink based on their density relative to water.

Uploaded by

divanshidivanshi09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

GRAVITATION

 GRAVITATION
 Attractive force between any two objects that have mass in this
universe
 The object gets attracted due to mass
 This is called gravity when earth is one of the object during
attraction.
For example: Moon and Earth(gravity)
Moon and sun (gravitation)
 UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
 Newton discovered:
g.force is directly prop. To the product of masses
g.force is inversely prop. To the square of distance b/w them
 Combinely we get: F=G(m1m2)/d2
 Here, G is the universal gravitational constant whose value is found
to be 6.673*10-11 or 6.67*10-11
 G’s unit is Nm2kg-2
 FREE FALL
 When an object falls freely under the influence of gravity “only”
 Example: freely falling body in vacuum
 ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY
 The acceleration of a freely falling body due the gravity
 It is independent of mass
 a= (GMe)/h2
 it’s value on earth’s surface is 9.8N
 up motion: -ve g
 down motion: +ve g

 MASS AND WEIGHT


MASS WEIGHT
Quantity of matter in your body The force by which you are attracted
towards earth
Calculated by machine Formula: mg
SCALAR and can’t be zero VECTOR and can be zero
S.I unit: kg S.I unit: Newton
Constant with respect to place Changes with change in place or height

 THRUST
 Force exerted perpendicular to the surface is thrust
 For ex:
Here thrust is A

 Thrust= V(dm/dt)
 PRESSURE
 Force exerted per unit area
 Pressure = thrust/area
 Si unit= N/m
 PRESSURE IN FLUIDS
 Fluids exert pressure in every direction in a container even in
upward direction
 BUOYANCY
 The upthrust acting on an object by the fluid ( neeche se upar ki
taraf force)
GRAVITATION
Pink arrow represent direction of Buoyant
force.

 If the object floats


Then buoyant force > weight
 If the object sinks
Then buoyant force < weight
 Buoyant force= - ρgV
ρ is density of fluid
V is fluid volume

 Volume of the object ∝ Buoyant force


 FACTORS AFFECTING BUOYANT FORCE

 Density of fluid ∝ Buoyant force


 DENSITY
 Density= mass/volume
 Denoted by ρ (Greek letter rho)
 S.I unit- kg/m3
 If density of a substance < water
Then, it will float on water
 If density of a substance > water
Then, it will sink on water
 If density of a substance = water
Then, it will remain where it was on water
 RELATIVE DENSITY
 R.D = DENSITY OF A SUBSTANCE/ DENSITY OF WATER
 Unitless quantity
 If the R.D > 1
Then substance will sink
 If the R.D < 1
Then substance will float
 If the R.D = 1
Then substance will remain where it was in water
 ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE
 It states that “weight of water displaced = Buoyant force”
 For example:
Ships
Air balloons
Swimming, etc

You might also like