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Energy

Energy is the ability to do work and can be stored in various forms such as thermal, kinetic, and chemical. It can be transferred through mechanical means, electrically, by heating, or via radiation. To reduce energy loss, methods like insulation and double glazing are recommended.

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5 views3 pages

Energy

Energy is the ability to do work and can be stored in various forms such as thermal, kinetic, and chemical. It can be transferred through mechanical means, electrically, by heating, or via radiation. To reduce energy loss, methods like insulation and double glazing are recommended.

Uploaded by

kgaromona
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Energy (Energy Stores, Energy Transfers, Work Done, Internal Energy, Heating, Radiation,

Reducing Energy Transfers).

Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. Every that moves, heats up, lights up, or makes

sound uses energy.

Example

A car uses energy to move.

The sun gives energy as light and heat

Energy can be stored and there are different ways to store energy. These ways are called energy

stores.

i. Thermal – hot something is

ii. Kinetic Energy – energy in moving things

iii. Gravitational Potential – energy when something is high up

iv. Elastic Potential – energy in stretched or squashed things (like springs)

v. Chemical – energy in food, fuel, batteries

vi. Nuclear – energy in atoms

Energy moves from one store to another. This is called a transfer. There are 4 main ways:

i. Mechanically – a force moves something (like pushing a box)

ii. Electrically – using an electric current (like a light bulb)

iii. By heating – energy moves from a hot object to a cold one

iv. By radiation – like light or infrared from the Sun


WORK DONE

Work is done when a force moves something.

 Formula: Work done = Force × Distance

 Unit: Joules (J)

INTERNAL ENERGY

Inside everything are tiny particles. They move and vibrate. Their total kinetic + potential energy

= internal energy.

 Heating something increases its internal energy.

HEATING

Heating is a way to transfer energy. It can change:

 The temperature of something

 The state (solid → liquid → gas)

RADIATION

Radiation is energy transfer without particles. It travels as waves.

 Infrared radiation is how heat from the Sun reaches Earth.

 Dark, matte surfaces absorb radiation best.

 Shiny, light surfaces reflect it.


REDUCING ENERGY TRANSFERS

We want to stop energy loss, like heat escaping from a house.

Ways to reduce transfers:

 Insulation – traps heat (like foam or wool)

 Shiny surfaces – reflect heat

 Double glazing – two glass layers reduce loss

 Vacuum flasks – stop conduction and convection

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