Table of keyboard shortcuts

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search In computing, a keyboard shortcut is a sequence or combination of keystrokes on a computer keyboard which invokes commands in software. Some keyboard shortcuts require the user to press a single key or a sequence of keys one after the other. Other keyboard shortcuts require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously. Keyboard shortcuts may depend on the keyboard layout (localisation).

Contents
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1 Comparison of keyboard shortcuts o 1.1 General shortcuts 1.1.1 Navigation 1.1.2 Power management 1.1.3 Screenshots o 1.2 Text editing 1.2.1 Text formatting o 1.3 Browsers / Go menu 1.3.1 Web browsers 1.3.2 Tab management o 1.4 Window management o 1.5 User interface navigation (widgets and controls) o 1.6 Command line shortcuts o 1.7 Accessibility 2 See also 3 References 4 External links

[edit] Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

Main article: Keyboard shortcut Keyboard shortcuts are a common aspect of most modern operating systems and associated software applications. Their use is pervasive enough that some users consider them an essential element of their routine interactions with a computer. Whether used as a matter of personal preference or for adaptive technology, the pervasiveness of common conventions enables the comparison of keyboard shortcuts across different systems. The following sections detail some of these comparisons in widely used operating systems.

[edit] General shortcuts

Action Activate current application's Menu bar File menu Edit menu View menu Undo the last operation Windows
Alt Ctrl+F2 (or Fn+Ctrl+F2 on some keyboards) Alt+F Alt+E Alt+V Ctrl+F2, then F Ctrl+F2, then E Ctrl+F2, then V Alt+F Alt+E Alt+V Ctrl+x, then u Ctrl+Z Meta+`, then f Meta+`, then e

Mac OS With full keyboard access active:[1][2]

KDE / GNOME
Alt in KDE

Emacs
Meta+`

Cmd+Z

Redo the last operation Cut the selected area and store it in the clipboard Copy the selected area into the clipboard Paste contents of clipboard at cursor Paste special Select everything in focused control or window Toggle among installed keyboard languages

Ctrl+Y Ctrl+X or Shift+Del Ctrl+C, or Ctrl+Ins Ctrl+V, or Shift+Ins Ctrl+Alt+V Ctrl+A

Shift+ Cmd+Z Cmd+X Cmd+C Cmd+V

or Ctrl+/ or Ctrl+_ or Undo Same as undo, when undo is exhausted, it redoes. Shift+Ctrl+Z Move the cursor after one or more undos, and further undos will be redos.
Ctrl+X Ctrl+C Ctrl+V Ctrl+ Shift+V Ctrl+w Meta+w, or Ctrl+Ins Ctrl+y, or Shift+Ins, or Meta+y Ctrl+x, then h Ctrl+\

Ctrl+Z

Cmd+A Cmd+Space

Ctrl+A Ctrl+Alt+K via

Shift+Alt

KDE Keyboard

Action

Windows

Mac OS Configure desired keypress in Keyboard and Mouse Preferences, Keyboard Shortcuts, Select the next source in Input menu.[3]

KDE / GNOME Shift+Alt in GNOME

Emacs

[edit] Navigation Action Run new application Open new browser window with same page as current Make new folder Applications menu Lock desktop Show desktop Switch active user Task manager Rename object Open file or program Switch to next/previous focused window Windows Win, enter executable name or Win+R, enter executable name Alt+( D then Enter ) Ctrl+ Shift+( N Win or Ctrl+Esc Win+L[4] Win+D or Win+M (then use Win+ Shift+M to bring back all windows) Win+L[5] Ctrl+ Shift+Esc, Ctrl+Alt+Delete[6]
F2

Enter Alt+Tab / Shift+Alt+Tab Alt+Esc / Shift+Alt+Esc Win+R Win, enter executable name or Win+F Ctrl+L (left) Ctrl+R (right) Ctrl+E (center)

Switch focus to the next/previous window (without dialog) Open the Run dialog box Open the Search dialog box Change input orientation of "Search programs and files" field in Start Menu [edit] Power management

Action Place computer into sleep/standby mode Shutdown computer

Windows
Sleep (available on some keyboards,

Mac OS Opt+ Cmd+Eject[2]

Ctrl+ Opt+ Cmd+Eject

KDE / GNOME
Sleep (available on some keyboards,

configurable in Power Options dialog)

configurable) Ctrl+Alt+ Shift+PageDown (KDE; no confirmation, shutdown is immediate) Ctrl+Alt+ Shift+PageUp (KDE; no confirmation, restart is immediate)

(no confirmation, shutdown is immediate) Ctrl+ Cmd+Eject[2] (no confirmation, restart is immediate) Ctrl+ Shift+Eject Ctrl+Eject

Restart computer Place display in sleep mode Bring up power/sleep dialog box [edit] Screenshots Action Save screenshot of entire screen as file Copy screenshot of entire screen to clipboard Save screenshot of window as file Copy screenshot of window to clipboard Copy screenshot of arbitrary area to clipboard Save screenshot of arbitrary area as file

Alt+F4 (while on Desktop

only)

Mac OS KDE / GNOME Print Screen Shift+ Cmd+3 Ctrl+ Shift+ Cmd+3 Print Screen or Ctrl+Print Screen Shift+ Cmd+4 then Space Alt+Print Screen (GNOME) Ctrl+ Shift+ Cmd+4 then Space Alt+Print Screen Ctrl+ Shift+ Cmd+4 Shift+ Cmd+4

Windows

[edit] Text editing

Many of these commands may be combined with Shift to select a region of text.[7] Action Delete char to the right of cursor Delete word to the right of cursor Delete word to the left of cursor Go to start of line Windows
Del Ctrl+Del Ctrl+ Backspace Home

Mac OS Del or Fn+ Backspace Opt+Del or Opt+ Fn+ Backspace Opt+ Backspace Cmd+ or Ctrl+A

KDE / GNOME
Del Ctrl+Del Ctrl+ Backspace Home

Emacs Del, or Ctrl+d

Meta+d Ctrl+ Backspace, or Meta+ Backspace Ctrl+a, or Home

Action Go to end of line Go to start of document Go to end of document Go to previous word Go to next word Go to previous line Go to next line Go to previous line break (paragraph) Go to next line break Go to find Go to next search result Go to previous search result Search and replace Search a regular expression Search and replace a regular expression [edit] Text formatting Action

Windows
End Ctrl + Home Ctrl + End Ctrl+ Ctrl+ Ctrl+ Ctrl+ Ctrl+F F3

Mac OS Cmd+ or Ctrl+E Cmd+ Cmd+ Opt+ Opt+

KDE / GNOME
End Ctrl + Home Ctrl + End Ctrl+ Ctrl+ Ctrl+ Ctrl+

Emacs
Ctrl+e, or End Meta+<, or Ctrl+Home Meta+>, or Ctrl+End Meta+b, or Ctrl+, or Meta+ Meta+f, or Ctrl+, or Meta+ Ctrl+p, or Ctrl+n, or Meta+'{', or Control+ Meta+'}', or Control+ Ctrl+s

Opt+ Opt+ Cmd+F Cmd+E (Search with current selection) Cmd+G Shift+ Cmd+G Cmd+F

(kword or GNOME) (kword or GNOME)

Ctrl+F

Ctrl+K (GNOME; interactive search) Ctrl+G (GNOME) or F3 (KDE)[8] Ctrl+s Ctrl+r Meta+% Ctrl+Meta+s Ctrl+Meta+%,

Shift+F3
Ctrl+H

Shift+Ctrl+G (GNOME) or Shift+F3 (KDE)[8] Ctrl+H (GNOME)

Windows

Mac OS

KDE / GNOME
Ctrl+B Ctrl+U Ctrl+I

Emacs

Make selected text Cmd+B Ctrl+B bold/regular Toggle underlining of Cmd+U Ctrl+U selected text Make selected text Cmd+I Ctrl+I italic/regular Change to upper/lower case Shift+F3 (Works for Microsoft Word and Powerpoint but not Opt+ Cmd+C Microsoft Excel)[citation needed]

Meta+u for upper,

Action

Windows

Mac OS

KDE / GNOME

Emacs
Meta+l for lower, Meta+c for

capitalized. Make selected text superscript Make selected text subscript

Ctrl+ Shift++ Ctrl+= Ctrl+ Cmd++

(Pages only?) Ctrl+ Cmd+(Pages only?)

[edit] Browsers / Go menu

Action Go to Browser according language Go to the previous location in history Go to the next location in history Go up one level in the navigation hierarchy Go to the starting page defined by the user or application [edit] Web browsers Action Bookmarks menu URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .com) URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .org) Windows Ctrl+B
Ctrl+ Enter Control+ Enter (Chrome) Ctrl+ Shift+ Enter Alt+ or Backspace Alt+ or Shift+ Backspace (web browser

Windows Alt+D or Alt+C

Mac OS Cmd+L Cmd+[ or Cmd+ Cmd+] or Cmd+ Cmd+ Cmd+Home

KDE / GNOME

Alt+ Alt+ Alt+ Ctrl+Home (KDE) /

only)

Alt+(Vista and 7 only) or Backspace(Windows

Explorer)
Alt+Home

Alt+Home (GNOME)

Mac OS Cmd+B (Firefox) Cmd+ Enter (Firefox) or Shift+ Cmd+ Enter (Firefox)

KDE / GNOME Alt+B

Ctrl+ Enter Ctrl+ Shift+ Enter

Emacs-w3m
v

Action URL Shortcuts (Adds www. + .net) Add bookmark for current page Add bookmark for current link

Windows Shift + Enter

Ctrl+D

Mac OS Shift + Enter (Firefox) Cmd+D

KDE / GNOME Shift + Enter Ctrl+B /

Ctrl+D

Emacs-w3m

a Meta+a

Cmd+ Opt+B (Chrome/Safari) or Manage bookmarks

Ctrl+B

Ctrl+ Shift+R / Ctrl+B

Cmd+ Shift+B (Firefox) Cmd+E (Opera) or Cmd+K (Firefox) or Opt+ Cmd+F (Safari) Cmd+L Cmd+R Cmd+N (Chrome) Cmd++ and Cmd+- and Cmd+0

Web search Focus and select address bar Refresh a webpage Open a new window Zoom Options (zoom in +, zoom out -, zoom 100%) [edit] Tab management Action Create a new tab Close current tab Close all tabs but the current one Windows
Ctrl+T Ctrl+W

Ctrl+E Ctrl+L or F6 or Alt+D F5 or Ctrl+R Ctrl+N Ctrl++ and Ctrl+- and Ctrl+0

Ctrl+L or F6 F5 or Ctrl+R Ctrl+N Ctrl++ and Ctrl+- and Ctrl+0

g R

Mac OS Cmd+T Cmd+W

KDE / GNOME
Ctrl+ Shift+N or Ctrl+ Shift+T or Ctrl+T Ctrl+W or Ctrl+ Shift+W[verification needed] or Ctrl+F4

(GNOME?)

(Safari) Ctrl+ Control+Tab or Cmd+ Shift+ Go to previous tab Shift+Tab (Safari) Cmd+ Shift+T Open a previously closed tab Ctrl+ Shift+T (Firefox/Opera/Chrome)

Go to next tab

Ctrl+Tab

Control+Tab or Cmd+ Shift+

Ctrl+PageDown or Ctrl+Tab or Ctrl+. Ctrl+PageUp or Ctrl+ Shift+Tab or Ctrl+,

Emacs-w3m Ctrl+c, then Ctrl+t Ctrl+c, then Ctrl+w Ctrl+c, then Meta+w Ctrl+c, then Ctrl+n Ctrl+c, then Ctrl+p

[edit] Window management

Action Pop up window menu Close the focused window Restore the focused window to its previous size Move the focused window Windows
Alt+Space Alt+F4 or Ctrl+F4 or Ctrl + W or Alt+Space then C[9] Alt+Space then R[9] Alt+Mouse / Alt+Space then M Keys
[9]

Mac OS

KDE
Alt+F3

GNOME
Alt+Space Alt+F4 Alt+F5 Alt+Mouse / Alt then Arrow Keys Alt+F8 then Arrow Keys

Emacs
Ctrl+`, then b Ctrl+x, then k Ctrl+x, then r, then j,

Cmd+W

Alt+F4

then letter of the window state register.

then Arrow
Alt then M then Arrow Keys Alt+F3 then S then Arrow Keys

Resize the focused window Hide the focused window Hide all except the focused window

Alt+Space then S[9] then Arrow Keys

Ctrl+x, then ^

vertically
Meta+x, then burybuffer RET, then Ret

Cmd+H Cmd+ Option+H

Alt+Space then N

Minimize the focused window Maximize the focused window Maximize horizontally Maximize vertically Minimize all Minimize all non focused windows Undo minimize all

, or Win+ (Windows 7 and Vista Home Premium) Alt+Space then X[9], or Win+ (Windows 7 only)
[9]

Cmd+M

Alt+F3 then N Alt+F3 then X

Alt+F9 Alt+F10

Meta+x, then burybuffer RET, then Ret Ctrl+x, then 1

Win+ Shift+ (Windows 7 only) Win+M or Win+D Win+Home (Windows 7 only) Shift+ Win+M Cmd+Alt+M

Available, but Available, but no no default default Available, but Available, but no no default default Available, but Ctrl+Alt+D no default Available, but no default Available, but Ctrl+Alt+D no default

Action Switch fullscreen/normal size Show the window in full screen mode, with no border, menubar, toolbar or statusbar Rollup/down window

Windows
F11

Mac OS

KDE
F11

GNOME
F11 Ctrl+F11 Alt+F12

Emacs

Depends on application

Ctrl+ Shift+F

Available, but no default

F9 or

Show all open windows

Win+Tab

Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner[10][11] F10 or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner[10][11] F8 or Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner[10][11]

Ctrl+x, then Ctrl+b

Show all windows of current application

Ctrl+x, then Ctrl+b

Show all workspaces

Move window to left/right/up/down workspace Move window to workspace n Switch to next/previous workspace list Go to workspace n Go to left/right/up/down workspace

Win+/ (Windows 7 only)

Available, but no default Available, but no default Available, but no default Ctrl+Fn

Ctrl+Alt+ Shift+ ///

Ctrl+n
[12]

Ctrl+ / Ctrl+ / Ctrl+ / Ctrl+ (OS X 10.5 to 10.6), Ctrl+ /

Ctrl+Alt+ / //

Action

Windows

Mac OS
Ctrl+ (OS X 10.7) F11 or

KDE

GNOME

Emacs

Show / hide desktop Activate window demanding attention Quit application of current window Close dialog Open/Focus (preview) pinned program on the taskbar

Win+D

Ctrl+Alt+D user

Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner[10][11] Cmd+Q[14]
Esc

Ctrl+Alt+D

specific, no default

Win+(#) where "#" is the position of the program on the Windows 7 Taskbar (Windows 7 only) Win+(#) where "#" is the Open new program window of pinned position of the program on the program in Quick Launch Quick Launch toolbar (Windows Vista and 7) Win+ Shift+(#) where "#" is Open new program window of the the position of the program on the pinned program on the taskbar (if Windows 7 Taskbar (Windows 7 program is already opened) only) Win+T , you can back and Focus the first taskbar entry. Pressing forth. Hold Shift to cycle again will cycle through them backwards (Windows 7 only) Peek at the desktop Win+Space (Windows 7 only) Win+G (Windows Vista,7) or Win+Space (Vista only, no cycling) Win+P (Windows 7 only)

Alt+F4 or Ctrl+F4 varies[13] Esc

Ctrl+Alt+Esc

F11 or

Move mouse pointer to configured hot corner or active screen corner[10][11]

Bring gadgets to the front of the Zorder and cycle between gadgets External display options (mirror,

Action extend desktop, etc.)

Windows

Mac OS

KDE

GNOME

Emacs

[edit] User interface navigation (widgets and controls)

Action Moves keyboard focus to next/previous control Pop up tooltip for currently focused control Show context-sensitive help for currently focused window or control Give focus to next/previous pane Give focus to splitter bar in paned window
Ctrl+F2

Windows
Tab / Shift+Tab

Mac OS
Tab / Shift+Tab

KDE
Tab / Shift+Tab

GNOME Tab / Shift+Tab

Ctrl+Tab / Shift+Ctrl+Tab Ctrl+F1

Shift+F1 Shift+F1
Ctrl+F6 / Alt+F6

Cmd+? Cmd+`

Shift+F1

Shift+F1
F6 / Shift+F6 F8

Give focus to window's menu bar

F10 or Alt

Alt

F10

(or Fn+Ctrl+F2 on some keyboards) Varies with laptop / extended keyboard type; enable Mouse keys in Pop up contextual menu for currently Shift+F10 Menu Shift+F10 Universal Access, then Function+Ctrl+5 or Ctrl+5 (numeric selected objects (aka context menu) or Menu keypad) or Function+Ctrl+i (laptop) Toggle selected state of focused Space Space Space Space checkbox, radio button, or toggle button Activate focused button, menu item Enter Space (also Enter for menu items) Enter Enter etc. Select/move to first/last item in Home / End Home / End selected widget / PageUp / Ctrl+PageUp / Scroll selected view by one page PageDown / up/left/down/right Ctrl+PageDown (or Fn+}+Fn+ on some keyboards) Scroll selected view to top/bottom or on MacBook Pro Fn + Opt +

Action

Windows

Mac OS
or on MacBook Pro Fn + Opt +

KDE

GNOME

Switch focus to the next/previous tab within a window Switch focus to the next/previous panel on the desktop Switch focus to the next/previous panel (without dialog)

Ctrl+Tab

Ctrl+Tab /

Cmd+`
Ctrl+Alt+Tab / Shift+Ctrl+Alt+Tab Ctrl+Alt+Esc /

Shift+Ctrl+Alt+Esc

[edit] Command line shortcuts

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment. Action Scroll through History of typed commands Signal end-of-file Abort current command/typing Erase word to the left Erase word to the right Erase line to the left Erase line to the right Yank/paste previously erased string Move one word to the left (backward) Move one word to the right (forward) Move to beginning of line Microsoft Windows (cmd.exe)
/ Ctrl+Z Ctrl+C Ctrl+C

Microsoft Windows Unix/Linux/Mac OS Unix/Linux/Mac OS (Windows X X PowerShell) (bash) (POSIX shell)

/ / or Ctrl+P/Ctrl+N Ctrl+D Ctrl+C Ctrl+W Alt+D Ctrl+C ESC K/ESC J

Ctrl+Home Ctrl+End Ctrl+ Ctrl+ Home Ctrl+End Ctrl+ Ctrl+ Home

Ctrl+U Ctrl+K Ctrl+Y Alt+B Alt+F Ctrl+A

or Home

Ctrl+E

Move to end of line

End

End F8

F7 Reverse search of history Stop execution of the current job Insert the next character typed verbatim Autocomplete command/file name Tab (enabled by default in Windows XP and later) Paste contents of clipboard at cursor Shift+PageUp (may not work in some versions of Scroll window up Windows XP) Shift+PageDown (may not work in some versions Scroll window down of Windows XP)

or End Ctrl+R Ctrl+Z

Ctrl+V Tab (usually

Tab

once)

Esc (usually twice)

Shift+Ins Shift+PageUp Shift+PageDown

[edit] Accessibility
In Windows, it is possible to disable these shortcuts using the Accessibility or Ease of Access control panel. Action Utility Manager Use keyboard to control cursor Allow user to press shortcuts one key at a time Hear beep when -lock key pressed Stop/slow repeating characters when key is pressed Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode Windows Win+U (Left Alt+Left Shift+Numlock ( Shift 5 times) (Numlock for 5 seconds) (Right Shift for 8 seconds) Left Alt+Left Shift+PrtScn Mac OS KDE GNOME

Cmd+ Opt+Ctrl+8

[edit] See also

Common User Access Computer keyboard Human interface guidelines Keyboard shortcut Pointing device gesture

[edit] References
^ "Mac OS X: How to use the keyboard to perform actions". Article: HT2840. Apple Inc.. 2008-08-19. Retrieved 2010-11-03. ^ a b c "Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts". Article: HT1343. Apple Inc.. 2010-10-29. Retrieved 2010-11-03. ^ "Mac 101: Set your preferences". Article: HT2490. Apple Inc.. 2010-10-22. Retrieved 2010-11-03. ^ 10 Cool Windows Shortcuts You Need to Know ^ Takes you to the "Switch User" screen when Fast User Switching has been enabled (enabled by default in XP). ^ Shows task manager in Windows XP if the welcome screen is enabled. Otherwise displays an NT-style menu, with the option of launching the task manager; likewise for Vista. 7. ^ For the concept of "selected text" see also X Window selection 8. ^ a b "HIG/Keyboard Shortcuts". KDE Techbase. KDE. 2009-06-03. Retrieved 2012-03-08. 9. ^ a b c d e f In Microsoft Windows, all shortcuts with Alt+Space followed by another key are language dependant. The Alt+Space combination opens the window menu, and the following key selects from the menu. As the menu labels (and their underlined hotkeys) vary with the Windows system language, the hotkeys are different for international versions of Microsoft Windows, and may change if users change their Windows system language preference. The given examples are valid for English user preferences/version of Windows. 10. ^ a b c d e "Mac OS X 10.6 Help: Using a screen saver". Docs.info.apple.com. Retrieved 2011-01-03. 11. ^ a b c d e "Mac OS X 10.4 Help: Setting a hot corner for Dashboard". Docs.info.apple.com. Retrieved 2011-01-03. 12. ^ The WinSplit window manager application for Windows knows to emulate this behaviour. 13. ^ There is no single consistent shortcut for closing a document or quitting an application in Windows XP. In many multiple document interface applications, Ctrl+W or Ctrl+F4 closes a document and Alt+F4 quits. In other applications where each document is in its own window, such as later versions of Microsoft Word, Ctrl+W, Ctrl+F4, and Alt+F4 close a document, and there is no consistent shortcut for quitting an application. 14. ^ Mac OS uses Cmd+W Close (window), Cmd+Q Quit (application) and Cmd+ Opt+Esc Force Quit (application). Quit is closest to Kill.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

[edit] External links

General o Large database of keyboard shortcuts (search by application, software category, operating system) o Keyboard Shortcuts Online Database o Browser Keyboard Shortcuts (Table) Firefox browser keyboard shortcuts KDE keyboard shorcuts Mac OS X o Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts o Large collection of Mac keyboard shortcuts in one Mac App (Link to the Mac App Store) o An Extensive List of Mac keyboard shortcuts Microsoft Windows

o o

Microsoft Support, Keyboard Shortcuts for Windows Compilation of popular Windows shortcuts