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Iupac - 04

The document outlines the nomenclature of organic compounds, focusing on the structure and naming conventions for alkanes, including the use of prefixes, suffixes, and word roots. It explains the significance of carbon chain length and the classification of compounds as saturated or unsaturated. Additionally, it introduces the concept of homologous series, where compounds differ by a 'CH2' unit and have varying physical properties.

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Maruthupandi M
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14 views33 pages

Iupac - 04

The document outlines the nomenclature of organic compounds, focusing on the structure and naming conventions for alkanes, including the use of prefixes, suffixes, and word roots. It explains the significance of carbon chain length and the classification of compounds as saturated or unsaturated. Additionally, it introduces the concept of homologous series, where compounds differ by a 'CH2' unit and have varying physical properties.

Uploaded by

Maruthupandi M
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TUPAC-04

2 1012

Locant prefix + word root +


+
suffix
L
S
10 Suffix
E
20
Suffix
S

2prefix "prefix
WORD ROOT

carbons the parent


It denotes the number of in

Carbon Chain-
Hept 13-trides
7
meth
-

I-
16-tetrades
2-eth 8 -
Oct
15-pentades
3-prop 9 -non
20 -
EICOs
4 -
But 10-dec
30-Triacent
11-under
5-pent 40-tetracont
6-Hex 12-dodes 50-pentacont
SUFFIX

X
· It is added to word root
saturated
· This indicates >
-

compound is or

unsaturated
Singlebonda need

unsaturated

= Eee
CHECH >
-
Ethyne (Acetylene)

CH3-CH = CH2 >


-
propene

CH2= CH-CH= CH2 > -


Butadiene .

(Insert a
befored)

C= -l = - CEC Hexadientyne
dienyne.
20 SUFFX

· Indicates nature of the functional group.

Alcohol (8H) -
Ol
8

Aldehydes (-c-H)
-
al

Ketone ( -
( )
_
-
one

Carboxylic ands (-coont)-ric acid .


PREFIX : -

10 PREFX-

· It
distinguishes blu Cyclic and acyclic compounds.

· IfIt is a cyclic compound-use "cyclo"

Cydopropane
s
Bind

Spiro
20 PREFIX

· Certain groups are not considered as functional


treatedan substituents
groups ,
so ,
they are

X-halo - I-Indo -
NO2 Nitro

Mitrite
-

F-fluws -
one

-
Br-Bromo -
NO Nitroso -

-
Cl-chloro-
CHz-CH2-0- CH2-CH3

Tony
thane
W R
.
19s

2
o
prefix
HEMOLOGOUS SERIES

chemical
· It is a series
of compounds having same

propertyBut differ in "CH2" in consecutive members

Similarly
·

,
In
Homologom series there is a
gap of

14 gm in consentive members-
BP :
all members
· In a homologue series

have different physical propertie.

Ex-
CH3-NH2
CHz-CH2-NHz
&

CH3-CAz-CH2-NH2
CHz-CH2-CH2-CH2-NItz
CH3-CH2-CA2-CH2-CA2-NH2
Y
CH3-CH2-CH3 Butane is a
homologue
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 of propane.
which
of the following is a
pair of homologue .

9) CHzslt , CHz-o-CHz 1) CH3-0-CAz , CHz-CH2-OIt

d) CHzh , CAzSH d) CHICH , ChsCH2OH


LUPAC MONENCLATURE Of AlKANES

Query important
·

first select the parent chain .

Rule D : -

Carbon .
· selection of longest continuous charn of

ChzCH2 Ch2 CAz CHCH2 CH2 CHz


citz
-c c >
( -c c - -
-
-

I
x -c -
C

C -
c -
c -
) -
c -
C - C

I
C -
c -
C -
C
C C
I 1
C -
c -
c -
c - -- -
)

!
C - C
I
C - -- -
C
I

C -
c - C

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