THE
ELEMENTS
OF
ARTS
INTRODUCTION
The artist utilizes the mediums and puts
together with elements to create work of art. The
medium is the physical means through which he
can come up with a work of art, and the elements of
art can be achieved through the use of particular
medium. The elements of visual arts are lines,
color, texture, perspective, space, form, volume,
light and shadow.
Learning Outcomes
The students were able to identify the
various elements of visual art and used it in
analyzing a particular form of art.
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students should be able
to:
• Analyze the various elements present in visual art;
• Construct a poem pertaining to the different
elements of visual arts.
ELEMENTS
OF
VISUAL ARTS
LINE
➢Line is an important element at the
disposal of every artist. Through the
lines, as in painting or sculpture, the
artist represents figures and forms.
➢Lines always have direction. They are
always moving.
➢Lines are use in any work of art, may
either be straight or curved.
HORIZONTAL LINES
• Are lines of repose and serenity.
• Express ideas of calmness and quiescence.
• Found in reclining persons, in landscapes, calm
bodies of water, and in the distant meeting of the
earth and sky in what is commonly called the
horizon.
VERTICAL LINES
• Lines that denote action.
• Suggest poise, balance, force, aspiration, exaltation, and
dynamism. These lines also tend to express as well as to
arouse emotions of exaltation and inquietude; this is
evident in monumental architecture.
• Can be seen in a man standing straight, a tall tree and in
statues of saints, and heroes give an impression of
dignity.
DIAGONAL LINES
• Suggest action, life, and movement.
• They give animation to any composition in
which they appear.
CURVED LINES
• Suggest grace, subtleness, direction,
instability, movement, flexibility,joyouness,
and grace.
CROOKED or JAGGED LINES
• Express energy, violence, conflict, struggle.
• May also classified into three groups:
➢Lines which follow or repeat one another (repetition)
➢Lines which contrast with one another (contrast)
➢Transitional lines which modify or soften the effect of
others (transitional)
EXAMPLES:
COLOR
• Of all elements of visual arts, Color has the
most aesthetic appeal.
• Delight in color is a universal human
characteristic.
• Color is a property of light. When light goes
out, Color goes with it.
•The color of an object is
determined by the rays which are
reflected to the eyes of the
beholder.
EXAMPLE:
COLOR WHEEL
A long time ago, artists
decided that these colors
would be more useful to
them if they were placed in a
wheel fashion. This became
known as the color wheel
THREE-DIMENSIONS OF COLOR
•Color has three dimensions or
attributes: HUE, VALUE, and
INTENSITY.
HUE
• It is the dimension of color that gives color to
its name.
• When we say, the flower is yellow, we're
naming its Hue. Colors such as Red, Blue,
Green, Violet, and Yellow indicate Hue.
• Warm Hues – red, orange, and yellow. It is also
associated with objects like the sun, fire, and other
source of heat. They are conspicuous, cheerful,
stimulating, vivacious, joyous, and exciting.
• Cool Hues – are those where blue predominates like
green, blue – green, blue, and blue – violet. They cause
surfaces covered with them to appear or recede. They
suggest distance. They are calm, sober, restful, and
inconspicuous.
Meaning of Different Colors
• Red – color of fire and blood, it is the warmest most vigorous, and most
exciting colors. It stands for passion.
• Yellow – the color of light, is the most brilliant, cheerful, and exultant of the
colors. It suggests cheerfulness, magnificence, life, and splendor. It serve to
balance the warm colors like red and orange.
• Green – is the color for vegetation and symbolizes life, and freshness.
• Violet – represents shadows and mysteries.
• Black – despair, death, and pain.
• Orange – suggests deliciousness and warmth.
• Blue – the color of the sky and of deep and still water, is the coolest and the
most tranquil of the colors. It arouses the feeling of peace and quietness.
• Blue, Red, and Yellow are the Primary Hues.
• If these primary hues are mixed in equal parts,
the Secondary Hues are produced. These are the
Orange, Green, and Violet.
• Color and line should not evoke an emotion as
much as express it.
EXAMPLE:
When you mix 2 primary colors together, you
get a secondary color. For example:
Red and Yellow=Orange
Red and Blue=Violet
Yellow and Blue= Green
When you mix a primary and a secondary color
together you get an intermediate (or tertiary)
color For example:
Red and Orange= Red-Orange
Yellow and Green=Yellow-Green
Blue and Green=Blue-Green
Red and Violet=Red-Violet
Yellow and Orange=Yellow-Orange
Blue and Violet=Blue-Violet
VALUE
• It is sometimes called Chiaroscuro, refers to the
lightness or darkness of a color.
• It is a quality which depends on the amount of
light and dark in color.
• They give the expression of depth and solidity
and lend form to paintings.
• Tints – are value above the normal
• Shades – are values below normal
The value of a hue can be
changed. We raise hue by adding
more light so that it reflects more light
it can reflect.
INTENSITY
• Intensity (also called chroma or saturation) is the
brightness or dullness of a color. A color as we
see it on a color wheel is at full intensity (bright).
When we mix it with gray, black, or white, it
becomes dull.
• Colors also lose intensity when mixed with their
complement (the opposite color on the wheel).
TEXTURE
• Is an element that deals more directly with the
sense of touch. It has to do with the
characteristic of surfaces which can be rough or
smooth, fine, or coarse, shiny or dull, plain or
irregular.
• Texture is best appreciated when an object is
felt with the hands.
PERSPECTIVE
• Deals with the effect of distance upon the
appearance of objects, by means of which the
eye judges spatial relationships.
• There are two kinds of Perspective: Linear
Perspective and Aerial Perspective.
LINEAR PERSPECTIVE
•Is the representation of an
appearance of distance by means of
converging lines.
AERIAL PERSPECTIVE
•The effect of atmosphere on distant
objects, making them appear hazy,
lighter, and less detailed.
SPACE
• In painting, as in architecture, Space is for
great importance.
• The exterior of a building is seen as it appears
in space, while interior is seen by one who is
inside an enclosure.
FORM
• Form applies to the overall design of a work
of art.
• It describes the structure or a shape of an
object.
• Form directs the movements of the eyes.
• Since form consists of size and volume, it
signifies visual weight.
Turning Shapes into Forms
A triangle becomes a cone or a pyramid
A square becomes a cube
GRAFFITI
• These are writings or drawings which have been
scribbled, scratched, or painted on walls or other
surface materials, often within public view.
• Graffiti ranged from simple written word to
elaborate wall paintings.
DIGITAL ART
• This art introduces the digital arts to the world
of possibilities or putting their artistic and
creative skills to work online in any number of
fields. Digital art technologies include 3D
computer modeling, powerpoint presentation,
web design, film, video, and film making
ACTIVITY
