📖 SCRIPT: Conveyors & Conveying Systems
INTRODUCTION
Good day everyone. Today, I will be reporting about Conveyors and Conveying Systems.
WHAT IS A CONVEYING SYSTEM?
A conveying system is a mechanism designed to transport materials—such as packages,
products, supplies, parts, and equipment—for different purposes like production, shipping, or
relocation.
There are many types, including pneumatic, screw, belt, and roller conveyors. The design
depends on the material’s weight, dimensions, and transportability.
➡️For example: In a food processing plant, a belt conveyor is used to move biscuits from the
oven to the packaging section.
CONVEYORS
Conveyors are devices that provide mechanized movement of materials. They are widely used
not only in factories but also in warehouses, farms, airports, and mining sites.
➡️Example: At the airport, you can see baggage conveyors that carry luggage from the check-in
counter to the airplane cargo hold.
SYSTEM APPLICATIONS FOR CONVEYORS
Conveyors are found in many industries, such as:
Sintering – moving hot raw materials in steel plants.
Packaging – transporting products into boxes.
Production lines – like in car assembly plants.
Pharmaceuticals – moving medicines and bottles.
Metalworking – handling scrap or raw metals.
Airports – for baggage handling.
Mining – transporting coal or ores.
Food processing – moving ingredients or finished goods.
Printing – for transferring stacks of paper.
➡️Example: In a car assembly line, a conveyor slowly moves the car frame while workers add
parts at different stations.
ADVANTAGES OF CONVEYING SYSTEMS
Conveyors have several benefits:
Time savings – faster than manual transport.
Continuous operation – can run nonstop.
Automated unloading – reduces human labor.
Controlled movement – ensures steady flow.
Directional flexibility – can go straight, inclined, or curved.
Low maintenance – durable when maintained properly.
Safety – reduces heavy lifting for workers.
Handles high volume – moves tons of material efficiently.
➡️Example: A coal conveyor in mining can transport several tons of coal per hour, saving time
and manpower compared to trucks.
CONVEYING SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS
However, conveyors are not perfect. They can experience issues such as:
Mistracking – when the belt goes off-center.
Example: In a food factory, a mistracked belt may cause biscuits to fall off the conveyor,
leading to product loss.
Seized rollers – rollers stop turning, causing belt damage.
Slippage – when the belt slips instead of moving properly.
Example: In mining, a slipping belt may cause coal to pile up at one end, leading to
delays.
Blockage – material stuck in the conveyor line.
Carryback – leftover material sticking to the belt.
Spillage – when excess material falls off the conveyor.
Chute blockage – material clogging at unloading points.
Pneumatic/Screw problems – air leaks or screw wear and tear.
➡️Example: In a cement plant using a screw conveyor, if cement dust builds up inside, it may
cause blockage and stop the flow of material, requiring cleaning or repair.
SOLUTION: Depending on the issue, systems may need repair or replacement. Regular
maintenance can prevent major breakdowns.
CLOSING
In summary, conveyors and conveying systems are vital in industries because they save time,
improve efficiency, and ensure safe material handling. However, they also need proper
monitoring and maintenance to avoid malfunctions.
