Troubleshoot

Computer And Networks

Agenda

System Problems

Network Problems

Other Problems

General dos and don'ts

System Problems

System problems further divided into two parts.

Hardware :

1. Power Problem
2. Ram Problem
3. Cd rom Problem
4. Monitor Display problem (VGA Cable)
5. CPU Fan problem

Software:

1. Operating system types

2. Drivers problem
3. Computer is too slow
4. Unable to install software

Important internal devices of CPU

• Mother Board and its components.

• Memory – RAM & ROM.
• Sound card , Video Card and Network card.
• Installing Storage device.
Hardware Problems

1. Power Problem

Step 1:Start by checking the power cord to confirm that it is plugged securely into the back
of the computer case and the power outlet.

Step 2:If it is plugged into an outlet, make sure it is a working outlet. To check your outlet,
you can plug in another electrical device, such as a lamp or cellphone, and see if it receives
electricity properly.

Step 3:If the computer is plugged into a surge protector, verify that it is turned on. You may
have to reset the surge protector by turning it off and then back on. You can also plug a
lamp or other device into the surge protector to verify that it is on.

Step 4:In case of Laptop’s, check battery is working or not.

2. RAM Problem

What is Ram?

Random Access Memory, or RAM, is a way for your computer to store temporary data,
rather than in a cache or permanent storage.

Symptoms of a RAM Problem

• Slow System.
• Beep Sound.
• Reboot automatically.
• A blue screen with white text flashes before restarting.

Solution:

• Check RAM slots.

• Change and increase RAM.
• Now a days DDR3 RAM in market. DDR mean Dual Data Rate.

3. CD - Rom Problem

What is CD ROM?

It is compact disc used as a read-only optical memory device for a computer system.
Symptoms:

• CD or DVD Drive does not read or write and is shown as disabled.

• A class specific or device specific driver is missing or corrupt.
• A CD or DVD drive cannot be found or is not connected.
• The CD or DVD drive is not accessible via an assigned drive letter.

Solution:

• Update drivers.
• Check internal power connection.
• Change drive letter (go to computer property – Manage - Device –search drivers).

4. Display Problems

Symptoms of a Display Problem

• Screen icon and font size small and big.

• Black screen no video.
• Color problem.
• Brightness and contrast problem.

Solution:

• Check graphic card.

• Update graphic card drivers.
• Check VGA cable.
• Check LED status.
• Check power cable for monitor.

5. CPU Fan Problems

What is CPU Fan?

The CPU fan is critically necessary to ventilate the heat generated from the components,
and actively cools the processor by bringing in cooler air before the heat damages the
computer components. Cooling fans for the CPU are available in different sizes and is
usually sold with an aluminum or copper heat sink fan.

Symptoms of CPU Fan Problem

• Noise.
• Overheating.
• Error message indicate fan failure.
• System boot fail.

Solution:

• Check all cables inside CPU.

• Check power supply.
• If not working replace with new Fan.

Software Problems

1. Operating System

What is Operating System?

The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every
general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs and
applications. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the
keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the
disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.

Symptoms of OS Problem

• Operating system not load or boot.

• Window is corrupted.

Solutions:

• Repair window.
• Install new OS . Before doing this take backups.
• Now a days window 10 is popular in world wide market
 2. System Drivers

What is Drivers?

A driver is software that allows your computer to communicate with hardware or devices.
Without drivers, the hardware you connect to your computer.

Symptoms of Driver Missing

• Flashes and Poor Color Quality.

• Sudden Problems After New Hardware is Installed.
• Device Driver Problems.

Solutions:

• Go to Brand website like HP, DELL, Lenovo and downloads or install.

• Install directly from CD or DVD.
• Go to manage and do auto search for drivers.

3. Computer slow

Solution

• Reboot computer.
• Close background programs.
• Delete temporary files (%temp%).
• Run disk cleaner and defragment.
• Scan from antivirus.
• Update drivers.
• Update windows.
• Memory upgrade (increase RAM).
• Run chkdsk, scandisk.
• Install antivirus.

4. Unable to install software

Solution

• Verify Cd /DVD or USB are readable.

 • If CD working fine with no error, verify computer meets to minimum software
requirements.
• Check software serial number and key for installation.
• Verify no updates and patches require for software.
• Check 32 or 64 bit operating system.
• Try to install software in safe mode.
• Reboot system and try to install with compatibility.

Network Troubleshooting

1. Network Problems

What is Network?

A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together. There are many
types of computer networks,

including the following:

• local-area networks (LANs): The computers are geographically close together (that
is, in the same building).
• wide-area networks (WANs): The computers are farther apart and are connected by
telephone lines or radio waves.
• campus-area networks (CANs): The computers are within a limited geographic area,
such as a campus or military base.
• metropolitan-area networks MANs): A data network designed for a town or city.
• home-area networks (HANs): A network contained within a user's home that
connects a person's digital devices.

2. Network Problems
• NIC card not working.
• Internet is not working.
• Network connection is slow.
• Network connection is automatically disconnected.
• Cannot connected to other computers or share networks and printers.
 1. NIC Card

What is NIC?

A network interface card (NIC) is a circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so
that it can be connected to a network.

Solutions:

• Check Hardware like mother board and NIC card , cables inside the CPU.
• Check for drivers.
• Check for network cable.
• Protect operating system with antivirus.
• Restore the operating system to its factory settings.
• Go to safe mode and install or uninstall network drivers.

2. Internet Not Working

What is Internet?

Internet is global computer network providing a variety of information and communication

facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication
protocols.

Solutions:

• Open Network Diagnostics by right-clicking the network icon in the notification area,
and then clicking Diagnose andrepair.
• Make sure that all wires are connected.
• if wifi signals drop, use range extender.
• Check IP address by using PING command
• If IP address is not working automatically give manually IP (Adapter properties –
TCP/IP - Properties)
• Restart your modem or check DSL lights blinking.

3. Network Connection Slow

What is Network?

In information technology, a network is a series of points or nodes interconnected by

communication paths. Networks can interconnect with other networks and contain
subnetworks..
Solutions:

• check your internet speed from ISP() Internet service provider).

• Check hardware.
• Fix Wi-Fi signals and check wires.
• Try new DNS server.
• Call your internet provider
• Install Antivirus

4. Network connection is automatically disconnected

Why network disconnecting ?

• Weak wireless signal.

• Network connection not established properly.
• Unreliable hardware and drivers.
• Busy wired and wireless network.

Solutions:

• check Internet speed.

• Check hardware and drives.
• Fix Wi-Fi signals and check wires.
• Try new DNS server.
• Call your internet provider.
• check capability of router.

5. Cannot connected to other computers or share networks and printers

There are a number of possible reasons why we cannot connect to other computers or
cannot share files and printer.

Solutions:

• Create and joined to home group.

• Share printers and Folder or group you want to access.
• Turn on network discovery.
• Turned off password protect sharing.
• Check all computers in same workgroup.
 • Check permissions for folders that you want to access.
• Check latest updates in computer.
• Check all computers on same IP range.

Other Problems

Common Problems

• An application running slowly and frozen.

• All programs on the computer run slowly and frozen.
• The mouse and keyboard has stopped working.
• Screen is blank.

1. An application running slowly and frozen

Solution:

• Close and reopen the application.

• Update the application. To do this, click the Help menu and look for an option to check for
Updates

• Force quit the application. On a PC, you can press (and hold) Ctrl+Alt+Delete (the
Control, Alt, and Delete keys) on your keyboard to open the Task Manager.

• Restart the computer. If you are unable to force quit an application, restarting your
computer will close all open apps.

2. All programs on the computer run slowly and frozen

Solution:

• Run your virus scanner. You may have malware running in the background that is
slowing things down.
• Computer may be running out of hard drive space. Try deleting any files or programs
you don't need.
• Run Disk Defragmenter (called Optimize Drives in Windows 8). Doing so will make
sure all pieces of each file or program are stored close together in your computer, so
the computer will be able to access them more quickly.
 • Restart Windows Explorer. To do this, press and hold Ctrl+Alt+Delete on your
keyboard to open the Task Manager. Next,
• locate and select Windows Explorer from the Processes tab and click Restart.
• Press and hold the Power button. The Power button is usually located on the front or
side of the computer. Press and hold the Power button for 5-10 seconds to force the
computer to shut down.
• If the computer still won't shut down, you can unplug the power cable from the
electrical outlet. If you're using a laptop, you may be able to remove the battery to
force the computer to turn off.

3. The mouse and keyboard has stopped working

Solution:

• Check the volume level. Click the audio button in the top-right or bottom-right
corner of the screen to make sure the sound is turned on and that the volume is up.
• Check the audio player controls. Many audio and video players will have their own
separate audio controls. Make sure the sound is turned on and that the volume is
turned up in the player.
• Check the cables. Make sure external speakers are plugged in, turned on, and
connected to the correct audio port or a USB port. If your computer has color-coded
ports, the audio output port will usually be green.
• Connect headphones to the computer, and see if you can hear sound from the
headphones.

4. Screen is blank

Solution:

• The computer may be in Sleep mode. Click the mouse or press any key on the
keyboard to wake it.
• Make sure the monitor is plugged in and turned on.
• Make sure the computer is plugged in and turned on.
• If you're using a desktop, make sure the monitor cable is properly connected to the
computer tower and the monitor.
1. DO and don'ts For Computer
Do:
• Always shut down your computer properly.
• Do regular Scan disk to check the hard disk surface for damage.
• Defragment the hard drive periodically.
• Delete all files and programs you no longer need from your computer.
• Use an anti-virus program to prevent a virus on you computer.
• Back up data to floppy disks or zip disks to ensure you have a copy.
Don't:
• Do not eat around the computer.
• Do not drink around the computer.
• Do not use magnets around a computer.

2. dos and don'ts For Hard Disks

Do:

• Delete all files you no longer need from your disk.

• Use an anti virus program to scan for viruses on a disk.
• Do not try to erase and record information on a disk by write-protecting it.

Don’t:

• Do not use magnets around a disk

• Do not separate the disk.
• Do not remove the disk while it is in use.
• Do not store in extremely hot or cold locations.
• Do not spill liquids on the disk.