Title: Introduction to Algebra
Presented by: [OTHMAN BAOTHMAN]
Date: [18/4/25]
Subject: Mathematics
1. What is Algebra?
Algebra is a branch of mathematics that uses symbols,
letters, and numbers to represent relationships and solve problems.
It allows us to work with unknown values using variables (like x or y) and helps solve real-
life problems in science, business, and technology.
2. Variables and Constants
• Variable: A symbol that stands for a number we do not know yet. Example: x, y, z.
• Constant: A fixed number. Example: 5, -2, 100.
Example:
In the expression x + 5, "x" is the variable, and "5" is the constant.
3. Algebraic Expressions
An algebraic expression is a mix of variables, constants, and mathematical operations (like
+, –, ×, ÷).
Example:
3x + 2
This means 3 times x, plus 2.
Note: There is no equals sign in an expression.
4. Equations
An equation is like a balance – it shows two expressions that are equal.
Example:
3x + 2 = 11
We can solve this by finding the value of x that
makes the equation true.
5. Solving Simple Equations
To solve equations:
1. Use inverse operations (do the opposite of what is being done to the variable).
2. Work step by step to isolate the variable.
Example:
• 3x + 2 = 11
• Subtract 2: 3x = 9
• Divide by 3: x = 3
6. Real-Life Applications of Algebra
• Shopping: Calculating discounts or total cost.
• Construction: Measuring and planning.
• Science: Solving formulas and equations.
• Business: Predicting profits and losses.
7. Practice Problems
Try solving these:
1. x + 7 = 12
2. 5x = 20
3. 2(x – 3) = 10
8. Summary
• Algebra uses letters (variables) to represent unknown numbers.
• We can write expressions and solve equations to find unknowns.
• It’s a powerful tool used in many careers and everyday life.
WITH MY WISHES (OTHMAN KHALED BAOTHMAN)
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