物化学第18章
7 57
7
mitochondrial porin, a 30 to 35
outer membrane is quite kd pore-forming protein also
permeable to most small known as VDAC,
molecules and ions voltagedependent anion
57
channel.
Glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle in
muscle
7
7
The inner membrane is
7 intrinsically impermeable to A large family of transporters
DHAP+NADH➡3-P- 油脱氢酶
nearly all ions and polar shuttles metabolites
Mitochondria 57
➡3-P- 油➡琥珀酸脱氢酶
molecules
➡DHAP+FADH2
18.1 Eukaryotic Oxidative Electrons from cytoplasmic
Phosphorylation Takes Place in NADH Enter mitochondria by
7 58
Mitochondria Shuttles
across the inner mitochondrial
membrane.
The two faces of the inner
7 membrane will be referred to as 58
the matrix side and the
The two faces of the inner
cytoplasmic side. They are also NADH Transport by Malate–
membrane
called the N and P sides aspartate shuttle in heart and
because the membrane liver
potential is Negative on the OAA+NADH➡Mal➡ 线粒体
matrix side and Positive on the ➡Mal脱氢酶➡OAA（OAA 法出
cytoplasmic side 线粒体， 转运体）➡ 草转氨酶
（GOAT）➡Asp➡出线粒体➡转
氨为OAA
11
12
strong reducing agent (such as 43
NADH), donate electrons, has a
Embedded in the inner
negative reduction
mitochondrial membrane Is a
hydrophobic segment
8
11
Oxidative Phosphorylation
strong oxidizing agent (such as 44
Depends on Electron Transfer
O2), accept electrons, has a
positive reduction potential
44
13
ATP synthases associate with
Go' = - n F △E'o one another to form dimers
21
46
21
the moving unit, or rotor,
consists of the c ring and the
Gamma Epsilon stalk
21
NADH-Q Oxidoreductase
47
(Complex I)
ADP and Pi binding by
subunit in L (loose) conformation
21
47
43
ATP synthase
47
47
beta subunit catalyzes three
26 ATP synthesis by subunit in T
sequential steps in the synthesis
(tight) conformation
21 e from FADH2to Fe-S cluster, to of ATP by changing
Q to form QH2 Complex II conformation
Succinate dehydrogenase
Doesn’t pump protons from
（ComplexII）
one side of membrane to the
other side
47
47
27 29
Binding change mechanism for
proton-driven ATP synthesis 3) ATP release and substrates
Electrons Flow from Ubiquinol
enter by subunit in O (open)
to Cytochrome c Through Q-
conformation
15 Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase
(III)
Complex I, III, IV form a
supermolecular complex called 51
respirasome 33
14
54
The Respiratory Chain Consists
of Four Complexes: Three Proton
Pumps and a Physical Link to the
Citric Acid Cycle
关键氨基酸——转动的c亚基上的
Asp——接受质 后疏 性增强
入
——向膜内转动——转到第 个半
通道后，质 流到线粒体基质内
O2 在Cu和Fe之间形成过氧桥
35 50
C rings rotation drives subunit
无
rotate
30
Cytochrome c Oxidase （IV） 64
Catalyzes the Reduction of
Molecular Oxygen to Water ) Respiratory control or acceptor
control
无
子
水
谷
甘
66
35
) Energy charge regulates the
Proton transport by cytochrome use of fuels
64
c oxidase
NAD+and FAD in turn control
Rate of Oxidative the rate of the citric acid cycle
泵出4H+ Phosphorylation Determined by
二
甘
Need for ATP
67
37
生
Regulated Uncoupling Leads to
the Generation of Heat
68
子
Oxidative Phosphorylation Can
Be Inhibited at Many Stages
4+4+2➡10H+
