Chapter II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter arrays the cited literature reviewed to gain clearer perspective
of the study particularly on the effects of preserving/conserving historic
building.

Related Literature

Historic Preservation
Rich cultural history is kept alive in large part by historic buildings.
These buildings serve as concrete reminders of the past, preserving its values,
history, and customs. The preservation of historic buildings is an important
project that involves many facets of history, architecture, and community
involvement. Its goal is to preserve and renovate structures with noteworthy
architectural, historical, or cultural significance. Comprehending the historical
background of the structure, using suitable preservation techniques, and
guaranteeing regulatory compliance are all part of the process.
The main goals of historic preservation are the creation and maintenance of
cultural values, such as feeling of place, historical associations, cultural
symbolism, the aesthetic and artistic aspects of architecture, and similar things.
(Mason, 2005).
In the Philippines, based on the present constitution of the Republic of the
Philippines, it states that Filipino culture shall be preserved and developed for
national identity. Historic preservation serves as a way of preserving Filipino
heritage as it is a concrete testimony to the Philippines’ rich culture. (Perdon,
2015).

Based on the article of Landmark Estates (2024), Historic building preservation

offers contemporary development projects the chance to create distinctive and
lively areas while still preserving a link to the past.
Based on the article published by Whole Building Design Guide (2014), Understanding
the history of a country depends on the preservation of its historic structures. It
is also an environmentally conscious practice. Historic preservation is essentially
a historic recycling program because it preserves existing buildings. Because they
make use of features like natural ventilation, sturdy materials, and thoughtful
spatial arrangements, existing buildings may frequently be made to be naturally
energy efficient. One immediate benefit of older buildings is that they may already
have the infrastructure in place and do not require as much energy to destroy or
develop new building materials. It is possible to make minor adjustments to convert
old structures to suitable new uses. Systems can be updated to comply with current
building rules and requirements. This is not only a prudent financial decision, but
it also protects the heritage a naturally sustainable technique, and is an
essential part of the overall building design.

PRESERVATION ASSESSMENT AND PROCESS IN PRESERVING/CONSERVING HISTORIC BUILDING

Historic preservation often defines the process of conserving, reusing, protecting,
or enhancing buildings or sites of historical significance. It provides an
appreciation of local or national history and acts as a physical link to the past.
Additionally, historic buildings can add more character and prominence to an area
and stand out next to modern buildings. (McMahon Architects, 2018).
Historic Assessments are one way to understand how buildings were constructed,
used, and maintained. Condition Assessments examine the various mechanisms that
affect the structural and material condition of the building. “Whether done for
research purposes or as a precursor to restoration work, all condition assessments
have two primary objectives: to identify materials and features and evaluate their
condition. Condition Assessments should be completed by a professional who meets
the Secretary of Interior’s Professional Qualifications for Historic Architecture.
(Fitzgerald, 2014)
Based on the article of Park City Planning (2014), Historic Preservation Plan
recommends an overall treatment approach in order to address the conditions
documented by the physical conditions report. The historic preservation plan
assesses and guides the effects of the proposed construction-related work in order
to ensure that the proposed project complies with the Design Guidelines for
Historic Districts and Historic Sites.
Before conducting the on-site investigation or assessment, they prefer to review
any available primary sources such as architectural specifications, drawings, diary
entries, newspaper or magazine articles, etc. These resources, paired with an
understanding of the owner’s goals and aspirations, offer valuable insight into the
history of a structure and allow us to theorize about important elements or areas
within a structure which may warrant closer on site inspection. (John Canning Co.,
2023).
While the assessment provides valuable information about the problem areas, further
planning and design are necessary to undertake a successful preservation project.
Once the high priority problem areas have been identified a Historic Architect
should be contracted with to refine the project plan and create drawings, and
specifications for the proposed treatment that can be used to direct construct
work. (Fitzgerald, 2014).
Preserving historic buildings is vital to understanding our nation's heritage. In
addition, it is an environmentally responsible practice. By reusing existing
buildings historic preservation is essentially a recycling program of 'historic'
proportions. Existing buildings can often be inherently energy efficient through
their use of natural ventilation attributes, durable materials, and spatial
relationships. (WBDG, 2024).
According to the Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research (2022), the approach to
conservation process Buildings deteriorate over time due to a variety of factors
such as aging, weathering, and use depletion. Because the level of building wear is
determined by the construction, materials, and servicing, repair approaches may
change depending on building cultures and technologies. The main goal of heritage
building restoration and conservation, which is comparable around the world, is to
retain and preserve the work of the original builder for both present and future
generations.

TREATMENT APPROACHES ON PRESERVING HISTORIC BUILDING

Preserving historic buildings is vital to understanding our nation's heritage. In
addition, it is an environmentally responsible practice. By reusing existing
buildings historic preservation is essentially a recycling program of 'historic'
proportions. Existing buildings can often be inherently energy efficient through
their use of natural ventilation attributes, durable materials, and spatial
relationships. An immediate advantage of older buildings is that a building already
exists; therefore, energy is not necessary to demolish a building or create new
building materials and the infrastructure may already be in place. Minor
modifications can be made to adapt existing buildings to compatible new uses.
Systems can be upgraded to meet modern building requirements and codes. This not
only makes good economic sense, but preserves our legacy and is an inherently
sustainable practice and an intrinsic component of whole building design.
According to an article at NORWALK Tomorrow (2019), Old buildings are witnesses to
the aesthetic and cultural history of a city, helping to give people a sense of
place and connection to the past. Historic buildings often represent something
famous or important to people who live in a city or those visiting. Recognizing the
importance of old buildings to the public and to the country’s heritage, Congress
enacted the National Historic Preservation Act in 1966. This act works to save
historic buildings, explaining, “preservation of this irreplaceable heritage is in
the public interest so that its vital legacy of cultural, educational, aesthetic,
inspirational, economic, and energy benefits will be maintained and enriched for
future generations of Americans.
According to Turnbull Masonry ltd., (2016), There are Four Approaches to the
Treatment of Historic Properties, that is said to be the standard treatment of
historic problems:
Reconstruction. Reconstruction entails actually recreating a structure that is no
longer in existence or missing entire portions. This type of project is conducted
for interpretive purposes.
Restoration. Restoration is when a property is restored to the way it looked at a
certain period of time, and removing all evidence of other time periods.
Preservation. Preservation work is focused on maintaining and repairing a building
with its existing historic materials while preserving the property’s identity as it
has evolved with time.
Rehabilitation. Rehabilitating a property includes altering or adding to a historic
building in order to meet new or changing needs, while at the same time keeping the
historic character fully intact.
These treatments depends on many factors, including the property’s historical
significance, physical condition, proposed used, and intended interpretation. When
preservation is done well, it helps people and speaks to the values of Filipinos in
many spheres of life. People like having a sense of place, time, and continuity
wherever they are in the globe. Old cities and buildings are prized for their fine
craftsmanship, human scale, and excellent design, as are the surrounding rural
areas of historical significance. They value their legacy as a means of self-
understanding and pursue authenticity to obtain a genuine understanding of our
varied history.
According to San Jose (2019), R.A. 10066, or the Philippine Heritage Act of 2009
was signed by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on Mar. 26, 2010 in hopes of
broader protection for our local historical sites. Under this law, the government
and pertinent cultural and historical agencies are supposed to “conserve, develop,
promote and popularize the nation’s historical and cultural heritage and resources,
as well as artistic creations.” These include even undeclared but presumed
important cultural properties by virtue of the following criteria such as: works of
Manlilikha ng Bayan, works of National Artists (unless declared by the Commission),
Archeological and traditional ethnographic materials (unless declared by the
National Museum), works of national heroes, Marked structures (unless declared by
the National Historical Commission of the Philippines), and Structures dating at
least 50 years old. But despite these provisions, many structures are still
demolished to give way to commercial spaces and establishments. In observance of
the World Heritage Day, look back at some of the heritage sites we lost to
“development” in the past few years.
Creating the perfect, internationally competitive metropolis does not automatically
imply glass and steel high-rises. It might also entail appreciating the past's
individuality at times. He also gave two important details that Architects and
designers should pay attention to extend the life of historic structures; first,
the architectural intent of the projects, and second, the history of their
construction methods. (Furgar, 2021).
The preservation of historic buildings is crucial not only for safeguarding
cultural heritage but also for promoting environmentally sustainable practices in
modern urban development. This research highlights the multifaceted benefits of
historic preservation, demonstrating that reusing existing structures can serve as
a large-scale recycling initiative. Unlike the construction of new buildings, which
requires significant energy and resources for demolition, material production, and
infrastructure development, historic preservation leverages the inherent advantages
of older buildings. These structures often feature natural ventilation systems,
durable materials, and thoughtful spatial arrangements that contribute to energy
efficiency.
Furthermore, historic buildings can be adapted to modern uses with minimal
modifications, while system upgrades ensure compliance with contemporary building
codes and standards. Such practices offer economic advantages by reducing
construction costs and resource consumption. More importantly, this approach plays
a vital role in preserving cultural legacies for future generations, maintaining a
connection between the past and present.
Historic preservation is not merely about retaining physical structures but is an
essential practice for environmental sustainability, economic efficiency, and
cultural continuity. It offers a compelling example of how architecture can
integrate sustainable design principles while honoring the rich historical
narratives that shaped societies. Therefore, the conservation of historic buildings
should be recognized as a key component of sustainable urban planning and
development.

IMPORTANCE OF PRESERVING/CONSERVING HISTORIC BUILDING

Historic preservation is important because it helps the people to understand and
appreciate their cultural heritage. It allows them to connect with the past and
learn from their history, while also creating a sense of place and community. By
preserving historic buildings and sites, people can also ensure that future
generations have the opportunity to learn from and appreciate these important
cultural resources, while helping to foster a sense of pride and identity in their
communities, by celebrating the unique characteristics and heritage of their
neighborhoods and cities.
Historic preservation promotes education and research into the people’s shared
history and cultural heritage. Preserved historic resources can be used for
educational purposes, providing a hands-on way for people to learn about the past.
Preservation also encourages the study of historic architecture, design, and
craftsmanship. (John Canning Co., 2023)
In the Philippines according to Harper (2020), The past decades have not been very
kind to the preservation of Manila’s historic districts whose structures are
increasingly standardized. Most of its architecturally important buildings have bit
the dust only to be replaced by homogeneous skyscrapers totally out of proportion
to the size of the property and narrowness of the streets.
According to Santos (2022), preserving heritage structures also takes time and
money. But right now, the only reason someone would want to register and preserve a
heritage structure is their personal appreciation of built heritage, which many
Filipinos do not have, said Tagnipez. Unlike in Spain and the United Kingdom, where
architectural sites generate profit, there is a quicker money to be made in the
Philippines by demolishing old structures and building 40-floor housing or office
buildings.
Working with old structures to satisfy current needs may also meld the often
conflicting worlds of real estate development and environmental sustainability. At
a time when resources are scarce and pollution aplenty, Brutalist Pilipinas said
the best thing architects can do for the environment is to not build at all. Many
old buildings are still strong and able today. Their preservation, renovation, and
re-purposing hold at least part of the key in reducing the need for new
construction.
There are other heritage structures around Manila that still stand today, such as
the First United Building, the Cultural Center of the Philippines’ Tanghalang
Pambansa, and Villa Floro. But without action from the public, the government, and
the private sector, these buildings are constantly in danger of neglect and
demolition.
In most countries, including some of the Asian neighbors, it is claimed that these
structures informs the people of the ideals and aspirations of past generations and
the physical environment created to meet their needs. The reason for preserving
them, aside from their architectural value, is that they embody our values, their
cultural identity and historic continuity. Protecting our patrimony helps remind
people of their historical roots and identity and can serve to bind the nation
together. (Harper, 2020).
But it is not just about a narrative. Preserving architecture is also about
utility. According to Brutalist Pilipinas, in order to get the public to care, they
have to know why heritage buildings are important in the first place. (Santos,
2022)
Preserving the legacy of the past is now seen by many to be as important as saving
the natural environment of forests and rivers; in many countries the built
environment is considered a part of the larger environmental movement. Once thought
of only in terms of structures, heritage today includes the space around buildings
and monuments. If people think about it, no building stands on its own but is
related to its surrounding and to other buildings around it. Actually, even the
route to them should be protected. (Harper, 2020)
Furthermore, maintaining cultural identity through architectural preservation
fosters a sense of pride, belonging, and continuity among future generations. By
being surrounded by culturally significant buildings and monuments, individuals can
develop a deep connection to their roots and gain an understanding of their
ancestors’ way of life. This understanding helps preserve traditional customs,
languages, and rituals that might otherwise be lost in modernization. In essence,
maintaining cultural identity through architectural preservation is essential for
ensuring diverse heritages continue to thrive amidst evolving global landscapes.
As individuals move further away from their ancestral lands and traditions,
architectural preservation becomes a vital link to their cultural identity. The
physical presence of historical buildings acts as a tangible reminder of the past,
allowing communities to remember and embrace their heritage. Walking through
ancient streets lined with preserved structures can transport people back in time,
giving them a glimpse into the lives lived by previous generations. (Archova, 2024)

Related Studies

PRESERVATION ASSESSMENT AND PROCESS IN PRESERVING/CONSERVING HISTORIC BUILDING

According to Liu (2023), There are many ancient buildings from the ancients, these
buildings are not only the buildings themselves they carry the human civilization
of each different era, so in modern times protecting these ancient buildings is
particularly important. The protection of historical buildings is complex, and in
this process, there are three important principles, the principle of comprehensive
protection, the principle of maintaining the status quo as far as possible, and the
principle of historical authenticity, which play a key role in the protection of
ancient buildings, so that more ancient buildings with a long history can be
preserved. At the same time, due to the limited nature of the earth's resources,
the reuse of resources is particularly important nowadays, which can make the
limited resources expand their usefulness, and the redevelopment of buildings is
also the same. In terms of historical sites this not only does a good job of
preservation but also economically promotes the economic development of today's
society, so that society can be sustainable development.
To analyze the essential properties of building, the key question is “What is a
building?” Generally, building refers to a roofed and walled structure built for
permanent use. This definition includes the external envelope properties and the
enclosed internal space properties. Rudimentary buildings were initially
constructed out of the purely functional need for a controlled environment to
moderate the effects of climate. These initial buildings were simple dwellings.
Early building materials were perishable and often included leaves, branches, and
animal hides. These structures did not provide much permanency. Subsequently, more
durable natural materials such as clay, stone, and timber and, finally, synthetic
materials such as brick, concrete, metals, and plastics were used, permitting
buildings to persist for many decades and even centuries. (Xia, 2022).
Based on the article of Kurdistan Journal (2023), Conservation Process of Buildings
deteriorate over time due to a variety of factors such as aging, weathering, and
use depletion. Because the level of building wear is determined by the
construction, materials, and servicing, repair approaches may change depending on
building cultures and technologies. The main goal of heritage building restoration
and conservation, which is comparable around the world, is to retain and preserve
the work of the original builder for both present and future generations.
Identifying the architectural style of the existing building is critical whether
the project entails rehabilitation, restoration, an addition, reconstruction, or
simply changing materials. The character of a building is defined by its features
and details. The roof, overhangs, doors, porches, windows, railings, artistic work,
and trim are all examples of this. These elements should be considered as buildings
change and evolve due to new uses and ownership because they could be an essential
part of the building's historic character
Value Assessment of all architectural heritage-related actions require value
assessment; as Fielden points out the first stage is to describe the goal of the
conservation project, the next step is to determine the values in the object,
monument, or location that makes up the cultural property in question, and place
these values in order of priority. The object's core messages will be honored and
retained to this extent. The values are divided into three categories: emotional,
cultural, and use values.

TREATMENT APPROACHES ON PRESERVING HISTORIC BUILDING

According to the network “The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the
Treatment of Historic Properties and Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating,
Restoring, and Reconstructing Historic Buildings” revised by Grimmer (2017), there
are four standard distinct approaches to the treatment of historic properties.
These several methods are offered in order of least to greatest intervention.
The following are the four standard approaches to the treatment of historic
properties:
1.Preservation
Preservation is the act of implementing the necessary steps to preserve a
historic property's current form, integrity, and materials. Work often concentrates
on the continuing care and restoration of historic materials and features rather
than significant replacement and new construction. This includes initial steps to
protect and stabilize the property. Basically, The fundamental goals of
preservation are to preserve a property's historical form as it has changed over
time and to maintain, stabilize, and repair its existing historic resources.
Moreover, It is appropriate for a preservation project to include the limited and
delicate updating of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems as well as other
code-required work to make properties functioning. However, new external additions
are not covered by this procedure. In addition to the building's historic shape,
the Standards for Preservation mandate that the most historic fabric be preserved.
When the project's goal is to keep the building exactly as it is, preservation is
the best course of action. This implies that subsequent alterations and additions
to the original structure will be retained in addition to the original historic
materials and features. The preservation of the building's original shape,
characteristics, and materials is the stated purpose of the Standards for
Preservation and Guidelines for Preserving Historic Buildings. This might be as
easy as keeping the materials and characteristics that are already there, or it
could require more involved repairs. Replacement is minimal and protection, upkeep,
and repair are prioritized. (Grimmer, 2017).
2.Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is the act or process of restoring a property to allow for a
suitable use while maintaining the parts or elements that communicate its
architectural, cultural, or historical significance. The Rehabilitation Standards
recognize that a historic structure must be modified or expanded to accommodate new
or ongoing uses while maintaining its historic integrity. In order to accommodate
ongoing or evolving uses while maintaining the historic character of the property,
rehabilitation recognizes the necessity to add to or modify a historic property. At
the federal, state, and local levels, this is the most widely applied and adaptable
criteria for rehabilitation.
Moreover, character-defining elements and historic building materials in
rehabilitation features are preserved and kept in their current state during the
preservation process. The Guidelines for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings and the
Standards for Rehabilitation, however, provide for more leeway in replacing
severely deteriorated, damaged, or absent components with appropriate replacement
materials or the same material. Of the four treatments, only rehabilitation permits
modifications and new additions if required for the historic structure to be used
for either a new or ongoing purpose. (Grimmer, 2017).
3.Restoration
Restoration is the act or process of reconstructing missing features from the
restoration period and removing features from other periods of the property's
history in order to accurately depict the form, features, and character of the
property as it appeared at a particular period of time. Within a restoration
project, it is appropriate to upgrade the mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
systems as well as do other code-required work in a limited and sensitive manner to
ensure the properties are functioning. By conserving elements from its significant
period and eliminating those from other periods, the Restoration Standards permit
the portrayal of a structure at a certain point in its history.
When the project's stated purpose is to restore the structure to the way it
was during a specific and momentous period in its history, restoration is the
appropriate course of action. First, determine which materials and characteristics
date from the restoration period using the guidelines provided by the Standards for
Restoration and Guidelines for Restoring Historic Buildings. Following their
identification, these components and materials need to be preserved, safeguarded,
fixed, and replaced as needed. Restoration will probably entail the removal of
features from earlier eras, in contrast to other treatments where the most, if not
all, of the historic aspects are preserved. Based on actual or historical
documents, missing elements from the restoration era should be restored using the
same or comparable replacement materials. In a restoration effort, only those
designs that can be proven to have been constructed should be replicated. (Grimmer,
2017).
4.Reconstruction
Reconstruction is described as the act or process of displaying, by means of
new construction, the form, characteristics, and detailing of a non-surviving site,
landscape, building, structure, or object for the intention of duplicating its
appearance at a given period of time and in its historic location.
Unlike the other treatments, reconstruction is carried out when there are
frequently only remnants of a foundation or no evident historic components
remaining. When it comes to reproducing a non-surviving building with new
materials, the Standards for Reconstruction and Guidelines for Reconstructing
Historic Buildings should be adhered to, even though the treatment Restoration
offers instructions on restoring historic architectural elements. However,
reconstruction, like restoration, entails rebuilding a historic building that looks
as it did during a specific and momentous period in its history.This treatment is
the least common of the four since it can only be justified in rare cases due to
the possibility of historical inaccuracy in the absence of reliable physical
evidence. Historic building reconstruction should only be contemplated when
sufficient documentation is available to support the decision. If the building's
exterior is all that can be preserved, it might be suitable to rebuild its facade
while creating a relatively straightforward interior that doesn't try to look
historic or historically accurate. Visitors should be made aware by signage and
interpretive tools that the building's facade is the sole part that is a true
reproduction.The materials that currently make up the historic surface and
subsurface should be conserved. Ultimately, it is imperative to unambiguously
identify the rebuilt structure as a modern reproduction. (Grimmer, 2017).
IMPORTANCE OF PRESERVING/CONSERVING HISTORIC BUILDING
The study of Revista Alconpat (2014), about the importance of ancient buildings,
this is exclusively attributed to their use, meaning that successive changes were
made to fulfill their new function. At such times, lack of use would condemn the
building to a ruin and, often, re-use of the stones elsewhere. Presently, modern
societies understand built cultural heritage as a landmark of culture and
diversity, each heritage structure has its own distinctive characteristics and
aesthetic finishes which should last forever, being the task of the current
generation to deliver the heritage in good shape for the generations to come. This
act of culture places high demands on engineers because deterioration is intrinsic
to life (for example, the expected lifespan of a modern building is 50 years). Only
in recent decades has the concept of preserving old and ancient buildings reused
became appealing to the market. The current policy is not only to preserve, but to
make buildings and the entire historic part of the cities alive, functional, and
appealing to inhabitants and tourists. It is the distinctive atmosphere of narrow
streets and historic squares.That gives meaning to the cultural heritage of city
centers, which must be the everyday. Reality for the locals. Because of the
effects of aggressive environment (earthquakes, soil settlements, traffic
vibrations, and air pollution, microclimate, etc.) and the fact that many old
buildings and historic centers were not after being subjected to maintenance, a
significant portion of this heritage is now affected by structural issues. which
jeopardize the safety of buildings and individuals. European countries have
developed throughout. Over the years, I've gained valuable conservation experience
and knowledge.
Based on the article published by Gainesville (2020), Historic preservation’s goal
is to transfer the past to future generations by accurately documenting all the
changes that occurred throughout the years. Digital technology provides accurate
documentation of existing conditions and allows preservationists to accurately
transfer information for future use. Preserving the past is not simple for various
reasons such as sea-level rise, natural disasters, war, and competing interests
with more financial incentives like development projects. Accurate documentation
and more specifically digital documentation gives preservationist a blueprint of a
historic site which could be used to rebuild sites like the Bamiyan Buddha in
Afghanistan and Palmyra in Syria, help in restoration projects in Notre-Dame of
Paris, and serve as sea-level rise prediction model in Miami. Virtual reality
offers an immersive form of digital documentation that allows users to experience
the site in first-person perspective. Such perspective could potentially be used as
an advocacy tool to galvanize and energize concerned stakeholders in the
preservation of a historic site.
According to Okoli, James, et al. (2023), Historical heritage is an important asset
that reflects the rich cultural, social, and architectural history of a region. It
provides a sense of identity, connects us to our roots, and serves as a reminder of
our past. However, preserving historical heritage in the face of urbanization and
rapid development poses significant challenges. Preserving historical heritage is
crucial in maintaining our connection with the past, enriching our cultural
heritage, and fostering a sense of national identity. Among the various tools
available for accomplishing this task, architectural strategies play a vital role
in safeguarding and conserving historical structures for future generations. The
intricate interplay between architecture, heritage, and historical preservation
unveils a formal responsibility to uphold and sustain the intrinsic values that our
built heritage encapsulates.

Effects of Preserving/Conserving Historic Building

There is much more to preservation than only preserving and renovating historic
structures and locations. Preserving and renovating historic buildings has
significant benefits for the environment, culture, economy, and education. Global
interest in historic buildings draws visitors from all around the world. People may
find a particular decorated section or the building's unique architecture,
materials, or historical roots particularly intriguing. Buildings that are
recognized as historic or historically significant contribute to community
revitalization, job creation, and tourism. (Stone Cleaning Experts Co., 2023)
Based on the article published by Vintage Millwork Restoration (2020), There are
four major reasons to consider historic restoration or preservation of a building
instead of building a new structure:
Culture. Historic building restoration keeps the people linked to the past. They
serve as tangible relics of the past and contribute to the neighborhood's sense of
culture. Historical structures like cathedrals, libraries, and estates help
understand the past and the societies that came before time. Historic structures
have distinct qualities that can be challenging to duplicate in newly constructed
commercial structures. Even though people can replicate the appearance of an
ancient structure, new construction will not feel the same unless the same building
methods and materials are employed.
Education. Historic house and building preservation benefits communities, students,
architects, engineers alike by functioning as educational resources. Consider all
the educational opportunities that would be lost if historic structures were
destroyed rather than saved or renovated. Architects and builders can study past
processes and designs by visiting old buildings. Students and others can learn
about the past and how it may have affected modern architecture. It is essential
that we preserve historic buildings and employ them as teaching resources.
Economy. Historic preservation helps the economy grow in addition to promoting
culture and education. Imagine all the tourism related revenue that a city could
receive if these buildings were preserved and maintained as closely as possible to
their original state. It is profitable for businesses to preserve or restore
historic buildings. Naturally, it promotes travel and tourism, but it also aids in
employment creation. Many experts take great satisfaction in having the expertise
required to properly restore, preserve, and maintain historic buildings.
Environment. Rehabilitating old buildings can save maintenance costs by making them
more resilient or environmentally friendly. Building restoration projects can also
contribute to the reduction of other environmental issues like traffic, suburban
sprawl, and environmental deterioration. The environmental impact of maintaining
and restoring buildings is nearly always smaller than that of dismantling and
replacing them. Additionally, many of the negative effects of expansion can be
mitigated by preserving these significant historical buildings, which are
frequently the focal point of towns and cities, and by promoting investment in
them. (Stone Cleaning Experts Co., 2023)
The restoration of historical and listed buildings is a delicate and drawn-out
procedure. But it's also one that pays off greatly in the end. The long-term
survival of these historic structures and buildings of considerable historical
significance is ensured by their preservation.
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importance/#historical-significance-of-architectural-preservation

Fitzgerald (2014). Historic Building condition assessment FAQs+Tip Sheet

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