[29/08, 7:04 pm] seemakashyap206@gmail.
com: Chapter: Reproduction in
Animals and Plants
Type: Short Answer Questions (2-3 marks each)
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1. What is reproduction? Why is it important?
Answer:
Reproduction is the biological process by which living organisms produce
new individuals of the same species. It is important for the continuation of a
species and to maintain the population.
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2. Differentiate between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction
Involves only one parent Involves two parents
Offspring are genetically identical to the parent Offspring show genetic
variation
Example: Binary fission in Amoeba Example: Humans, flowering plants
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3. Name the reproductive parts of a flower.
Answer:
Male part: Stamen (Anther + Filament)
Female part: Carpel (Stigma + Style + Ovary)
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4. What is binary fission? Give an example.
Answer:
Binary fission is an asexual mode of reproduction where a single cell divides
into two identical daughter cells.
Example: Amoeba, Bacteria.
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5. What is the function of testes in the human male reproductive system?
Answer:
Testes produce male gametes (sperms) and secrete the hormone
testosterone, which regulates male secondary sexual characteristics.
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6. What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy?
Answer:
The placenta facilitates the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste
between the mother and the developing fetus.
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7. What is fragmentation? Give an example.
Answer:
Fragmentation is an asexual reproduction method in which an organism
breaks into fragments, and each fragment grows into a new organism.
Example: Spirogyra.
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8. What is vegetative propagation? Give two examples.
Answer:
Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction in plants where new
plants grow from parts like roots, stems, or leaves.
Examples:
Potato (stem tuber)
Bryophyllum (leaf)
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9. What is menstruation?
Answer:
Menstruation is the monthly shedding of the uterine lining along with blood
through the vagina in females, if fertilization does not occur.
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10. Write the names of two sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
Answer:
AIDS (caused by HIV)
Syphilis (caused by bacteria
[30/08, 9:23 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: ✅ Case Study 1: Asexual
Reproduction in Hydra and Amoeba
Read the passage below and answer the questions:
Hydra and Amoeba reproduce asexually. Hydra reproduces by budding where
a small outgrowth forms and develops into a new individual. Amoeba, on the
other hand, reproduces by binary fission, where the cell splits into two equal
halves. These methods of reproduction allow the organisms to multiply
rapidly under favorable conditions.
Questions:
1. Which type of reproduction is shown by Hydra?
a) Binary fission
b) Fragmentation
c) Budding
d) Spore formation
[30/08, 9:23 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 2. In Amoeba, reproduction
occurs by:
a) Budding
b) Multiple fission
c) Fragmentation
d) Binary fission
[30/08, 9:23 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 3. Which of the following is
true for asexual reproduction?
a) It requires two parents
b) It results in variation
c) It occurs through gamete fusion
d) Offspring are genetically identical to the parent
[30/08, 9:24 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: ✅ Case Study 2: Pollination
and Fertilization in Plants
Read the passage below and answer the questions:
Ravi noticed that bees often visit flowers in his garden. His teacher explained
that this helps in pollination. In flowering plants, the male gamete is present
in pollen grains, which are transferred from the anther to the stigma. After
pollination, fertilization takes place inside the ovary, where the male and
female gametes fuse to form a zygote. The zygote develops into an embryo
and the ovule becomes a seed.
Questions:
1. The process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma is called:
a) Fertilization
b) Pollination
c) Germination
d) Reproduction
[30/08, 9:24 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 2. Where does fertilization
occur in a flower?
a) Stigma
b) Ovary
c) Style
d) Anther
[30/08, 9:24 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 3. What does the ovule
become after fertilization?
a) Fruit
b) Pollen
c) Seed
d) Zygote
[30/08, 9:24 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: ✅ Case Study 3: Human
Reproductive System
Read the passage below and answer the questions:
The human reproductive system consists of male and female reproductive
organs. In males, testes produce sperm. In females, ovaries produce eggs.
Fertilization usually occurs in the fallopian tubes, after which the zygote
travels to the uterus and implants itself in the uterine wall, leading to
pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, the lining of the uterus sheds in a
process called menstruation.
[30/08, 9:25 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 1. In humans, the fusion of
gametes takes place in the:
a) Uterus
b) Vagina
c) Fallopian tube
d) Ovary
[30/08, 9:25 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 2. The organ that produces
sperm is:
a) Penis
b) Scrotum
c) Prostate
d) Testes
[30/08, 9:26 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 3. What happens when
fertilization does not occur?
a) Implantation
b) Pregnancy
c) Menstruation
d) Zygote formation
[30/08, 9:27 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 📘 Short Answer Questions –
Sexual Reproduction in Humans
[30/08, 9:27 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 1. What is sexual
reproduction?
2. Name the male and female gametes in humans.
3. What is fertilization? Where does it occur in humans?
4. State the function of the uterus in the female reproductive system.
5. What is the role of the testes in males?
[30/08, 9:28 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 6. Name the parts of the
male reproductive system.
7. Mention any two functions of the female reproductive system.
8. What is the function of the fallopian tubes?
9. What is the role of the prostate gland in males?
[30/08, 9:28 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 10. Why are the testes
located outside the abdominal cavity?
[30/08, 9:28 am] seemakashyap206@gmail.com: 11. What is implantation?
12. What is the function of the placenta during pregnancy?
13. How many chromosomes are present in a human zygote?
14. Define gestation period. How long is it in humans?
15. What is the difference between external and internal fertilization? Give
an example of each.
